A new method of naturalgas desulfurization has been developed by employing the heteropoly compound of the rich elements of our country. This method enables hydrogen sulfide to be removed and element sulfur to be recovered simaltaneously. The thermodynamic feasibility of simultaneous desulfurization and sulfur recovery from naturalgas with the solution of heteropoly compound was proved to be applicable by the experimentalresult of potential2pH curves. At present, no proof was given on the exact number of electron transferred during the redox reaction betw een sodium phosphomolybdate and reductants including hydrogen sulfide. The research here also reveals the reaction mechanism betw een sodium phosphomolybdate and hydrogen sulfide. With the aid of ISE, DSC and EM S, themechanism of desulfurization reaction was studied. The reaction products contain little deposition compounds of molybdenum and vanadium, indicating that sodium phosphomolybdate is stillmuch stable in its chemical property aftermany times of absorption-regeneration cycles, the agent loss ismuch lower than that of the chelateiron method. The chemical equation of sodium phosphomolybdate and H2S was p roposed to be: H2S+ Na2HPMoÎ 12O40 S↓+Na2H3PMoÎ 10MoÍ 2O40 i. e., there are twoMo (Î) atom s reduced toMo (Í). Therefore, the theoretical saturation sulfur loading capacity of sodium phosphomolybdate is twice that of chelateiron with the same molar concentration.