In the present paper, the multiple diffraction of plane harmonic compressional waves P-wave by two nanosized circular cylindrical holes embedded in an elastic solid is investigated. The surface elasticity theory is adopted to account for the effect of surface energy at nanoscales. It is found that when the radii of holes reduce to nanometers, surface energy significantly affects the diffraction of elastic waves. The dynamic stresses around the holes under incident waves of different frequencies are examined to display the influence of surface energy and the interaction between holes in the multiple scattering phenomena.