A theoretical model is developed to study the energy loss of heavy ions specularly reflected on a solid surface at a glancing angle using the dielectric response theory and the specular reflection model. A local-field correction and a plasmon-pole approximation for dielectric function are employed in the low- and highvelocity regimes, respectively. Also, the Brandt-Kitagawa model is used to express the distribution of the electrons bound to the projectiles. We obtain analytical expressions for the position-dependent stopping power and the surface image potential. The energy losses, dependent on the charge state of the ions and the incident angles, are calculated and compared with the corresponding experimental results.