Calcium sensing receptors (CaSR) is a member of super-family of G-protein coupling receptors.This review first introduced the concept, construction features, distribution, functions, decision methods, moderators, ge-netic locus of CaSR and its relationship with some diseases concisely. Then this article described the investigation progressof CaSR in cardiovascular system intensively, including the expression pattern, role and signal pathways of CaSR in rat my-ocardium in normal, ischemia-reperfusion injury, apoptosis and cardiac hypertrophy; the role and mechanism of CaSR incalcium homostasis regulation of rat myocardium, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cardiac ischemic preconditioningand postconditioning. The metabolism rule, physiological significance and pathological action of polyamine in cardiac cells; the increase of CaSR expression in cardiac tissue of artherosclerosic rat and its effect on sensitivity to acute myocardial in-farction are also discussed. In the end, the research perspective of CaSR in cardiovascular system was anticipated.