After ushering into the 21st century, the majority of world's optics industries are staggered while China maintains double-digit growth. In order to make the secret behind the growth clear, based on the analysis of Optics Valleys' current construction situation and development trends at home and abroad, the article pinpoints some opportunities and challenges which occurred during the process of Optics Valleys' construction in China. The aim is to let the whole world understand enormous market potentials in China's photoelectric industry and enables China's photoelectric enterprises to compete in the global arena more actively and effectively.