高辉远
长期从事植物逆境生理和光合生理生态的研究,研究内容包括植物对高温、低温、干旱和盐胁迫的响应,植物光抑制和光破坏的防御机制,以及光合作用的分子调控过程
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- 姓名:高辉远
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
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学科领域:
植物学
- 研究兴趣:长期从事植物逆境生理和光合生理生态的研究,研究内容包括植物对高温、低温、干旱和盐胁迫的响应,植物光抑制和光破坏的防御机制,以及光合作用的分子调控过程
高辉远,博士,男,1958.9生,中国植物生理学会会员,《植物生理与分子生物学学报》常委编委。现在山东农业大学生命科学学院、国家作物生物学重点实验室任教授,博士生导师。1992年破格晋升为副教授,1996年破格晋升为教授。长期从事植物逆境生理和光合生理生态的研究,研究内容包括植物对高温、低温、干旱和盐胁迫的响应,植物光抑制和光破坏的防御机制,以及光合作用的分子调控过程。
先后在《PLANT BIOLOGY》,《PHYIOLOGIA PLANTRUM》,《JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY》,《PLANT SCIENCE》,《ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY》,《PHOTOSYNTHETICA》等SCI刊物以及《植物学报》,《植物生理及分子生物学学报》,《植物生态学报》,《生态学报》,《应用生态学报》,《园艺学报》,《作物学报》,《生物数学学报》《中国农业科学》,《中国草地》,《农业环境生态学报》等核心刊物上发表论文八十多篇。
目前主持两项国家自然科学基金和一项高等学校博士点专项基金。
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13
【期刊论文】Enhancement of the Mehler-peroxidase Reaction in Salt-stressed Rumex K-1 Leaves
高辉远, CHEN Hua-Xin, AN Sha-Zhou, LI Wei-June, GAO Hui-Yuanl, ZOU Qil
植物学报Acta Botanica Sinica 2004, 46(7): 811-818,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The effects of salt stress on photosynthesis, Mehler-peroxidase reaction (MPR) and the susceptibility of PS II to photoinhibition were investigated in Rurnex K-1 leaves. Salt stress resulted in dramatic decrease in photosynthesis, but had no significant effect on maximal photochemistry of PSII (Fv/Fm). During photosynthetic induction, a considerable electron flow was transported to oxygen in MPR both in control and salt-stressed leaves. Under steady state photosynthesis, enhanced electron flow to oxygen in MPR was observed only in salt-stressed leaves. The enhanced MPR in salt-stressed leave was accompanied by enhanced activities of scavenging enzymes, i. e. superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). In the presence of saturating CO2 decreasing oxygen concentration from 21% to 2% did not affect the susceptibility to photoinhibition in control leaves, but largely increased the susceptibility to photoinhibition in salt-stressed leaves. Based on these results, it is concluded that the enhanced MPR in salt-stressed Rurnex leaves serves as a sink to drain the excess electrons off the electron chain and thus mitigates photoinhibition.
Runex, salt stress, photoinhibition, Mehler-peroxidasereaction, chlorophyll fluorescence
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【期刊论文】Characterization of PSII photochemistry and thermostability in salt-treated Rumex leaves
高辉远, Hua-Xin Chen, Wei-Jun Li, Sha-Zhou An, Hui-Yuan Gao
J. Plant Physiol. 161, 257-264 (2004),-0001,():
-1年11月30日
A study was conducted, using chlorophyll fluorescence, rapid fluorescence induction kinetics, and polyphasic fluorescence transients, to determine the effect of salt treatment and heat stress on PSII photochemistry in Rumex leaves. Salt treatment was accomplished by adding NaCl solutions of different concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 mmol/L. Heat stress was induced by exposing the plant leaves to temperatures ranging from 29 to 47 C. The control plants were grown without NaCl treatment. The data acquired in this study showed that NaCl treatment alone had no effect on the maximal photochemistry of PSII or the polyphasic rise of chlorophyll fluorescence. However, the NaCl treatment modified heat stress on PSII photochemistry in Rumex leaves, which was manifested by a lesser heat-induced decrease in photochemical quenching (qP), efficiency of excitation energy capture by open PSII reaction centers (Fv′/Fm′), and quantum yield of PSII electron transport (φPSII). The data also showed that NaCl treatment compromised the impact of heat stress on the capacity of transferring electrons from QA-to QB. Furthermore, the NaCl treatment promoted heat resistance of O2-evolving complex (OEC). In summary, NaCl treatment enhanced the thermostability of PSII.
chlorophyll fluorescence, heat stress, Rumex, salt treatment, thermostability
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【期刊论文】Dissipation of excess energy in Mehler-peroxidase reaction in Rumex leaves during salt shock
高辉远, H.-X. CHEN, H-Y. GAO, S.-Z. AN, W.-J. LI
PHOTOSYNTHETICA 42 (1): 117-122, 2004,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
By measurement of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence, the effects of salt shock on photosynthesis and the mechanisms to protect photosynthetic machinery against photodamage during salt shock were investigated in leaves of Rumex seedlings. Salt shock induced significant decrease in photosynthesis both in 21 and 2 % O2. In 21 % O2, quantumyield of photosystem 2 (PS2) electron transport (ФPS2) decreased slightly and qP remained constant, suggesting that the excitation pressure on PS2 did not increase during salt shock. In 2 % O2, however, both ФPS2 and qP decreased significantly, suggesting that the excitation pressure on PS2 increased during salt shock. NPQ increased slightly in 21 % O2 whereas it increased significantly in 2 % O2. The data demonstrated that during salt shock a considerable electron flow was allocated to oxygen reduction in the Mehler-peroxidase reaction (MPR). Under high irradiance and in the presence of saturating CO2, the susceptibility of PS2 to photoinhibition in salt-shocked leaves was increased when the electron flow to oxygen in MPR was inhibited in 2 % O2. Hence, MPR is important in photoprotection of Rumex seedlings during salt shock.
chlorophyll fluorescence, NaCl, net photosynthetic rate, non-photochemical quenching, oxygenconcentration, quantum yield of photosystem2, stomatal conductance.,
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【期刊论文】Changes in Activity of Energy Dissipating Mechanisms in Wheat Flag Leaves During Senescence
高辉远, J. Dai, H. Gao, Y. Dai, Q. Zou
Plant Biology 6 (2004): 171-177,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Excitation energy dissipation, including the xanthophyll cycle, during senescence in wheat flag leaves grown in the field was investigated at midday and in the morning. With progress of senescence, photosynthesis (Pn) and actual PSII photochemical efficiency (φPSII) decreased markedly at midday. The decrease in extent of Pn was greater than that of DPSII. However, there was no significant decline in Pn and CPSII observed in the morning, except in leaves 60 days after anthesis. The kinetics of xanthophyll cycle activity, thermal dissipation (NPQ), and of observed at midday during senescence exhibited two distinct phases. The first phase was characterized by an increase of xanthophyll cycle activity, NPQ, and of during the first 45 days after anthesis. The second phase took place 45 days after anthesis, characterized by a dramatic decline in the above parameters. However, the qI, observed both at midday and in the morning, always increased along with senescence. A larger proportion of NPQ insensitive to DTT (an inhibitor of the de-epoxidation of V to Z) was also observed in severely senescent leaves. In the morning, only severely senescent leaves showed higher xanthophyll cycle activity, NPQ, qf, and ql. It was demonstrated that, at the beginning of senescence or under low light, wheat leaves were able to dissipate excess light energy via NPQ, depending on the xanthophyll cycle. However, the xanthophyll cycle was insufficient to protect leaves against photodamage under high light, when leaves became severely senescent. The ratio of (Fj Fo)/(Fp Fo) increased gradually during the first 45 days after anthesis, but dramatically increased 45 days after anthesis. We propose that another photoprotection mechanism might exist around reaction centres, activated in severely senescent leaves to protect leaves from photodamage.
Wheat, senescence, chlorophyll fluorescence, non photochemical quenching, pH gradient, photosystem II (, PSII), , xanthophyll cycle.,
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高辉远, C.-D. JIANG, , H.-Y. GAO, Q. ZOU, G.-M. JIANG
PHOTOSYNTHETICA 42 (3): 409-415,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics was used to investigate the effect of 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT) on the distribution of excitation energy between photosystem 1 (PS1) and photosystem 2 (PS2) in soybean leaves under high irradiance (HI). The maximum PS2 quantum yield (Fv/Fm) was hardly affected by the presence of DTT, however, photon-saturated photosynthesis was depressed distinctly. Photochemical efficiency of open PS2 reaction centres during irradiation (Fv’/Fm’) was enhanced by about 30–40 % by DTT treatment, whereas photochemical quenching (qP) was depressed by about 40 % under HI. DTT treatment caused a 30 % decrease in allocation of excitation energy to PS1 under HI and a 20 % increase to PS2. An obvious shift in the balance of excitation energy distribution between photosystems was observed in DTT-treated leaves. Though high excitation pressure (1-qP) resulted from DTT treatment, nonphotochemical quenching (qN) was lower. DTT completely inhibited the formation of zeaxanthin and also distinctly depressed the state transition (qT). The shift in the balance of excitation distribution between the two photo systems induced by DTT was mainly due to the enhancement of excitation energy capture by PS2 antenna and the inhibition of state transition. It might be the shift in the balance between the two photo systems that mainly induced the depression of photosynthesis. Thus, to keep high efficiency of use of absorbed photon energy, it is necessary to maintain the balance of excitation distribution between PS2 and PS1.
chlorophyll fluorescence, excitation energy distribution, net photosynthetic rate, photosystems, quenching, state transition, xanthophyll cycle
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高辉远, Chuang-Dao JIANG., Hui-Yuan GAO, and Qi ZOU
PHOTOSYNTHETICA 41 (2): 267-271, 2003,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Photosynthesis in iron-deficient soybean and maize leaves decreased drastically. The quantum yield of photo system 2(PS2) electron transport (φPS2), the efficiency of excitation energy capture by open PS2 reaction centres (Fv'/Fm'), and photochemical quenching coefficient (qp) under high irradiance were lowered significantly by iron deficiency, but non photo chemical quenching (NPQ) increased markedly. The analysis of the polyphasic rise of fluorescence transient showed that iron depletion induced a pronounced K step both in soybean and maize leaves. The maximal quantum yield of PS2 photochemistry (φpo) decreased only slightly, however, the efficiency with which a trapped exciton can move an electron into the electron transport chain further than QA (ψO) and the quantum yield of electron transport beyond QA (φEO,) in iron deficient leaves decreased more significantly compared with that in control. Thus not only the donor side but also the acceptor of PS2 was probably damaged in iron deficient soybean and maize leaves.
chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, Glvcine max, photosynthesis, Zea mays.,
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【期刊论文】Characteristics of photosynthetic apparatus in Mn-starved maize leaves
高辉远, C.-D. JIANG, H.-Y. GAO, Q. ZOU
PHOTOSYNTHETICA 40 (2): 209-21, 2002,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The effects of Mn-deficiency on CO2 assimilation and excitation energy distribution were studied using Mn-starved maize leaves. Mn-deficiency caused about 70 % loss in the photon-saturated net photosynthetic rate (PN) compared to control leaves. The loss of PN was associated with a strong decrease in the activity of oxygen evolution complex (OEC) and the linear electron transport driven by photosystem (PS2) in Mn-deficienct leaves. The photochemical quenching of PS2 (qp) and the maximum efficiency of PS2 photochemistry (Fv/Fm,) decreased significantly in Mn-starved leaves under high irradiance, implicating that serious photoinhibition took place. However, the 'high-energy' fluorescence quenching (qE) decreased, which was associated with xanthophyll cycle. The results showed that the pool of de-epoxidation components of the xanthophyll cycle was lowered markedly owing to Mn deficiency. Linear electron transport driven by PS2 de-creased significantly and was approximately 70 % lower in Mn-deficient leaves than that in control, indicating less trans-thylakoid pH gradient was built in Mn deficient leaves. We suggest that the decrease of non-radiative dissipation depending on xanthophyll cycle in Mn-starved leaves is a result of the deficiency of trans-thylakoid pH gradient.
chlorophyll fluorescence, net photosynthetic rate, photoinhibition, violaxanthin, violaxanthin de-epoxidase, xanthophyll cycle, Zea, zeaxanthin.,
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高辉远, Chuang-Dao Jiang, Hui-Yuan Gao, Qi Zou, Gao-Ming Jian, Ling-Hao Li
C. -D. Jiang et al. Environmental and Experimental Botany xxx (2006) xxx-xxx,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
In order to fully understand the adaptive strategies of young leaves in performing photosynthesis under high irradiance, leaf orientation, chloroplast pigments, gas exchange, as well as chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics were explored in soybean plants. The chlorophyll content and photosynthesis in young leaves were much lower than that in fully expanded leaves. Both young and fully expanded leaves exhibited down-regulation of the maximum quantum yield (FV/FM) at noon in their natural position, no more serious down-regulation being observed in young leaves. However, when restraining leaf movement and vertically exposing the leaves to 1200 µM01 m-2 s-1 irradiance, more pronounced down-regulation of Fv/FM was observed in young leaves; and the actual photosystem II (φPSII) efficiency (φPSII) drastically decreased with the significant enhancement of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and `High energy' quenching (qE) in young leaves. Under irradiance of 1200 µmol m 2 s-1, photorespiration (Pr) in young leaves measured by gas exchange were obviously lower, whereas the ratio of photorespiration/gross photosynthetic rate (Pr/Pg) were higher than that in fully expanded leaves. Compared with fully expanded leaves, young leaves exhibited higher xanthophyll pool and a much higher level of de-epoxidation components when exposure to high irradiance. During leaf development, the petiole angle gradually increased all the way. Especially, the midrib angle decreased with the increasing of irradiance in young leaves; however, no distinct changes were observed in mature leaves. The changes of leaf orientation greatly reduced the irradiance on young leaf surface under natural positions. In this study, we suggested that the co-operation of leaf angle, photorespiration and thermal dissipation depending on xanthophyll cycle could successfully prevent young leaves against high irradiance in field.
Photosynthetic rate, Chlorophyll a fluorescence, Photorespiration, Xanthophyll cycle, Leaf orientation, Soybean
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高辉远, Chuang-Dao JIANG, Hui-Yuan GAO, Qi ZOU
PHOTOSYNTHETICA 39 (2): 269-274, 2001,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Pigment contents of chloroplasts and net photosynthetic rate were dramatically reduced in maize leaves suffering from iron deficiency. However, the reduction in photosynthesis was probably not caused by decreased contents of chlorophylls and carotenoids and by photon absorption; the primary limiting factor for photosynthesis may rather be the decrease of electron transport activity in photosystem 1. Iron-deficient leaves suffered serious acceptor-side photoinhibition, and more than 60 % of absorbed photons were dissipated, while less than 40 % was used in photochemical reaction. Thermal energy dissipation depending on xanthophyll cycle and Dl protein turnover was enhanced when acceptor-side photoinhibition occurred in iron-deficient maize leaves.
carboxylation efficiency, carotenoids, chlorophyll, CO2 concentration, fluorescence kinetics, energy dissipation, net photosynthetic rate, photosystems, Zea mays.,
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高辉远, Peng-Min Li, Rui-Guo Cai, Hui-Yuan Gao, Tao Peng, Zhen-Lin Wang
Physiologia Plantarum 129: 822-829. 2007,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Influences of different nitrogen applications on photosynthesis and utilization of excitation energy were explored by comparing two field-grown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with high or low grain protein content [High protein cultivar ‘8901’ (HC) and low protein cultivar ‘1391’ (LC)]. High nitrogen application significantly decreased both CO2 assimilation and photorespiration in both cultivars during the early stages after anthesis. However, the actual photosystem II (PSII) efficiency (φPSII) was not significantly different between high, moderate and low nitrogen applications in the HC. As a result, the ratio of VPSII to the quantum yield of carbon metabolism (φCO2) measured under non-photorespiratory conditions in the HC was higher under high nitrogen application than under low or medium nitrogen application. The grain protein content of the HC was also increased by high nitrogen application. In contrast, high nitrogen application decreased the actual PSII efficiency in the flag leaves of the LC in the early stages after anthesis and different nitrogen applications did not significantly alter the φPSII/φCO2 ratio or grain protein content in the LC. No significant difference was detected in the activity of superoxide dismutase or ascrobate peroxidase between different nitrogen treatments in either cultivar throughout the entire experimental period. These results indicate that more excitation energy is partitioned to nitrogen metabolism in the flag leaves of the HC under high nitrogen application whereas the partitioning of excitation energy in the LC was not affected by nitrogen application.
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