田兴军
植物生态学、植物学、生物信息学
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- 姓名:田兴军
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
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学科领域:
生态学
- 研究兴趣:植物生态学、植物学、生物信息学
南京大学生命科学学院教授,博士生导师。1986年东北林业大学毕业获硕士学位,并留校任教。88年和93年分别晋升讲师和副教授。1994年赴日本京都大学留学,1998年获得博士学位,并获日本学术振兴会博士后奖学金,继续在京都大学做研究工作。2001年回国,并受聘为南京大学教授。期间在1999年被选为海外百名博士留学生代表参加中华人民共和国50周年国庆典礼。现任江苏省生态学会理事,美国生态学会会员、中国植物学会会员。 主要研究领域为植物生态学、植物学、生物信息学等。近年来,主持和参加国家973计划、863计划、国家自然科学基金重点项目、国家自然科学基金面上项目、国家科技基础条件平台工作重点项目、教育博士点基金等10项。目前指导在读硕士研究生8名、博士生2名,博士后2名。在Ecological Research, European Journal of Soil Biology, Bulletin Botanical Sinica, Wetlands 等期刊上发表论文40余篇,出版著作4部,获得计算机软件著作权一个,申请专利1项。在以下领域取得进展:1, 阐明了生态系统中参与有机物分解的生物种群之间的相互关系,主要功能群的分解能力及动态变化;2,揭示了生态系统中有机物降解过程中有机物组分、氮素及养分的动态变化规律;3,应用分子生物学技术对参与有机物分解的微生物种群多样性变化进行识别和鉴定,进而全面准确掌握分解者微生物的动态变化;4,首次成功地建立了植物叶形的计算机识别系统,在此基础上进行了中国槭树属(Acer)植物叶系统的形态演化,进化路线的研究;5,开展了中国禾本科植物标本的数字化工作,初步建立了南京大学生物数字博物馆,首次建立了植物学网上实习平台;6,开展了针对SARS病毒等生物的生物信息学研究,首次提出了冠状病毒的快速诊断的分子信标探针设计方案;7,通过基因工程技术发现了一种生产谷氨酰胺转氨酶的基因及其制备方法。
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田兴军, 张智俊 田兴军 李亚玲
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
本文利用Genebank中已知SARS冠状病毒基因组信息,通过Beacon Designer2软件进行分子信标探针设计,共设计出9条分子信标探针和相对应的引物,以便于为目前SARS冠状病毒快速诊断提供参考。
SARS,, 冠状病毒,, 快速诊断,, 分子信标探针
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【期刊论文】茂原链轮丝菌谷氨酰胺转胺酶基因克隆、序列分析及原核表达
田兴军, 张智俊, 田兴军*, 李亚玲, 罗淑萍
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
以茂原链轮丝菌(Streptomyces mobaraensis)的基因组为模板,利用PCR的方法扩增出谷氨酰胺转胺酶(Transglutaminase,TGase)的完整基因片段。序列分析结果表明,该片段全长1246bp,编码一个完整的ORF,长度395aa,分子量45KD。该基因的核酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列同已知微生物来源的若干TGase相比,序列相似性均很高,同酶催化活性至关重要的一些motif,如酰胺化位点等,在该氨基酸序列中也都存在;在此基础上,又进一步对其二级结构进行了分析并完成了TGase三维结构的建模。将该基因片段插入到原核表达载体pQE30xa,转化大肠杆菌E.coli JM109, SDS-PAGE结果表明,经IPTG诱导后该基因获得了表达,且表达产物有较高的活性。
链霉菌,, 谷氨酰胺转胺酶,, 基因克隆,, 序列分析,, 表达
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田兴军, 宋福强, 杨国亭, 孟繁荣, 田兴军*, 董爱荣
生态环境 2004,13(2):211-216,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
对接种AM菌根真菌的大青杨苗木根际微区进行系统研究,发现AM菌根真菌对宿主根际微域环境产生了重要影响。试验中选用的Glomus mosseae、G. intraradices、G. sinuosa、G. versiforme等4种AM菌根真菌都与盆栽大青杨苗木形成了菌根复合体。其中G. mosseae、G. intraradices侵染效果最好,侵染率分别是64.4%、67.4%。受两种菌侵染的苗木的生物量分别是对照处理的2.59、2.13倍。AM菌根对根际土壤微生物种群数量没有产生影响,但使根面、根系上的细菌、放线菌、固氮菌的数量显著增加。AM菌根增加了根际土壤磷酸酶、脲酶、蛋白酶的活性,各种酶活性增加量与苗木菌根侵染率呈显著相关。AM菌根使根际pH值降低,与菌根侵染率呈显著负相关。接种苗木的根际土壤中,可直接被植物吸收利用的N、P元素出现富集现象,与菌根侵染率呈极显著相关。
丛枝菌根, 大青杨, 根际土壤, 微生物, 土壤酶活性, 酸碱度, 土壤养分
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【期刊论文】The influence of vegetation type on the hydrological process at the landscape scale
田兴军, Hong Jiang, Shirong Liu, Pengsen Sun, Shuqing An, Guoyi Zhou, Chunyang Li, Jinxi Wang, Hua Yu, and Xingjun Tian
Can. J. Remote Sensing, Vol. 30, No.5, pp. 743-763, 2004,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The relationship between vegetation and hydrological processes is still a critical issue in ecology and environment science, especially at the landscape scale. Mingjiang valley plays an important role in water and soil resources conservation and erosion control in the upper Yangtze River. In this paper, the influence of vegetation type on hydrological processes at the landscape scale was studied using remote sensing and spatial analysis in Mingjiang valley and its five catchments. First, the vegetation distribution was mapped with high accuracy using three scenes of Landsat thematic mapper (TM) imagery and the optimal iterative unsupervised classification method. Then the spatial precipitation and actual evapotranspiration (AET) database was developed by converting the point-based data of meteorological stations to spatial surface with spatial interpolation. Cross-tabulation spatial analysis was employed to study the relationship between vegetation and rainfall, evaporation, and runoff. The results show that dominant vegetation types are grasslands, forests, and shrublands in the Mingjiang valley, with the proportions of 37.44%, 29.97%, and 22.62%, respectively. The annual precipitation ranges from 560 to 720mm in areas of conifer and mixed forests, shrublands, and grasslands. For broadleaf forests, croplands, and other vegetation types, the precipitation distribution ranges from 480 to 800mm, indicating a broader variation than that for the dominant vegetation type. In high-precipitation regions of the valley, forest vegetation covers the largest area. The precipitation is positively correlated with vegetation cover. We found that AET has a nonlinear relationship with vegetation cover, but this relationship is complicated. Our results demonstrated that the relative evapotranspiration rate (ER) is negatively correlated with precipitation, and water remaining (WR) is positively correlated with precipitation in the landscape. From the hydrological records in the Mingjiang valley, the annual mean runoff is 502 m3•s–1, the mean annual runoff amount is 140 × 109 m3, and the annual runoff rate is 0.0213 m3•s–1•km–2. We found that percent forest cover is positively correlated with percent runoff. This supports the results of previous nonspatial investigation in the valley. From scale analysis, we found that most spatial patterns of climate and hydrological variations are scale dependent, e.g., precipitation, AET, ER, WR, and runoff vary at different levels of landscape scales.
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【期刊论文】SALT MARSH VEGETATION CHANGE AFTER A SHORT-TERM TIDAL RESTRICTION IN THE CHANGJIANG ESTUARY
田兴军, Shucun Sun, Yongli Cai and Xingjun Tian
WETLANDS, Vol. 23, No.2, June 2003, pp. 257-266,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The zonation of Scirpus mariqueter and Scirpus tabernaemontani communities is conspicuous in salt marshes of the Changjiang estuary. However, diking, which partly restricted tidal fluctuation in a salt marsh, resulted in the invasion of S. tabernaemontani into S. mariqueter communities. To explore the role of the interaction between the two species in the vegetation change, the structure of S. mariqueter tussocks at low elevation and S. tabernaemontani clones at medium elevation were investigated in the diked marsh, and biomass allocations to different components of the two species was also estimated. Scirpus mariqueter performed better at the edges of the tussocks but aged and declined in the central areas of the tussocks with low density of living shoots, large proportion of flowering shoots, and low aboveground dry mass. Scirpus taberaemontani grew vigorously in the center areas of large S. taberaemontani clones with high density of shoots, and those clones were surrounded by a residual ring of S. mariqueter, whose structure was similar to the pattern observed in the tussocks of S. mariqueter. Comparison of the vegetation structure along the elevational gradient of the diked marsh suggests that S. taberaemontani invades the center area of the Scirpus mariqueter tussocks, possibly due to changed topography and its well-developed aerenchymatous tissue. Scirpus tabernaemontani allocates a significantly greater proportion of biomass to photosynthetic shoots and rhizomes than S. mariqueter does, both above ground and below ground, a potential competitive advantage. Once established in the central areas of the S. mariqueter tussocks, S. taberaemontani successfully replaced S. mariqueter. We hypothesize that the competitive displacement of S. mariqueter by S. taberaemontani plays an important role in the vegetation change after the short-term tidal restriction and also in generating plant zonation in the salt marshes.
biomass allocation,, competition,, salt marsh,, Scirpus mariqueter,, Scirpuus tabernaemontani
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田兴军, Xing-jun Tian Takahiro Tateishi
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Eighty thin-sections of the subalpine coniferous organic layer were used for observing the effect of microorganisms and animals on needle on decomposition. The distributional patterns of fungal spores and bacteria along the profile of upper 8 cm layer of the forest floor were counted using the plate culture method. The changes in needle number and C/N ratio of litter suggest that the decomposition of needle could be divided into three stages. Colony forming units (CFU) of fungi was higher in the surface 0-2 cm layer (decomposition stage 1) than in deeper layers. In contrast, the CFU of bacteria was lower in the surface 0-2 cm layer (stage 1) than in deeper layers. The needles with faeces increased from 0 cm layer to 2 cm layer, decreased sharply from 2 cm layer to 4.5 cm layer (stage 2) and slowly in deeper than 4.5 cm layer (stage 3). Decomposition of needle litter was clearly apparent with increasing depth of the forest floor. Needles in the surface layer of soil were colonized and then destroyed by fungi resulting in the rupturing of needle epidermis. The destroyed epidermis led to the invasion by animals in the inner tissue. Thus, large number of needles disappeared from the 2 cm layer to 4.5 cm layer due largely to the activity of animals. Faunally induced decomposition of the needles resulted in the needles changing into fragments and faeces. The size of residues decreased but the surface area of whole fragments increased. Microorganisms could easily colonize the debris and decay it. This is a big contribution to the decomposition of litter by bacteria in later stage or in deeper layer of forest floor.
Soil animals,, fungi,, bacteria,, coniferous forest,, decomposition
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【期刊论文】DIVERSITY OF FILAMENTOUS FUNGI IN ORGANIC LAYERS OF TWO FORESTS IN ZIJIN MOUNTAIN
田兴军, SONG Fu-qiang TIAN Xing-Jun* LI Zhong-Qi YANG Chang-Lin CHEN Bin HAO Jie-jie and ZHU Jing
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-1年11月30日
In this study, cultivable filamentous fungal diversity was evaluated in organic layers (L, F, H, and A1) of two main forest types, Pinus massoniana/Liguidambar formasana forest (PLF) and Quercus variabilis forest (QvF), in Zijin Mountain. A total of 67 taxa comprising 56 deuteromycetes, 3 zygomycetes, 5 ascomycetes and 3 unidentified fungi were recognized from samples from the forest floor of the two forest types. The most abundant group was deuteromycetes. The dominant genera in both forests were Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizopus sp., Gliocladium sp. and Trichoderma sp. The fungal diversity was higher in the PLF than that in the QvF. Maximum fungal diversity was found in layer F and was significantly different from the fungal diversity found in layer L. In PLF, richness of fungi isolated from needle litter (P. massoniana) was lower than that from leaf litter (L. formasana). The richness of fungi from needle litter increased with the depth of forest floor, but for leaf litter, the fungal diversity decreased with the depth of forest floor. The common species between the two forest types and two kinds of litters in the PLF increased with the depth of the forest floor. The succession of fungi along with the process of decomposition was discussed here. The results also showed that litter quality was a critical factor affecting fungal diversity.
Zijin Mountain,, Forest,, Filamentous fungi,, Diversity,, Litter
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田兴军, Fuqiang Song, Xingjun Tian, *, Guoting Yang, Jiejie Hao, Xingbing He
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The influence of Amorpha fruticosa on the growth of Populus ussuriensis under the inoculation of three arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) fungi (Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, Glomus sinuosa) was studied using the nylon net (0.04mm mesh) method. Results showed that all three AM fungi studies infected Populus ussuriensis seedlings and G. intraradices and G. mosseae infected Amorpha fruticosa. The growth of Populus ussuriensis and Amorpha fruticosa seedlings was promoted by the AM fungi. Moreover, under mixed cultivation with Amorpha fruticosa, the biomass of Populus ussuriensis increased significantly (p<0.05). The concentration of nitrogen in P. ussuriensis grown with Amorpha fruticosa and the concentration of soluble nitrogen in the rhizosphere soil were also higher than when grown alone. Hypha were found on the two plant seedlings inoculated with G.mosseae and G.intraradices, suggesting that AM fungi may transport nutrients from seedlings of A. fruticosa to the rhizosphere soil of P. ussuriensis seedlings, which may have promoted the growth of P. ussuriensis. The AM fungi played a critical role on the effect of A. fruticosa on growth of P. ussuriensis.
AM fungi,, Populus ussuriensis,, Amorpha fruticosa,, nitrogen
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【期刊论文】Dynamics of organic-chemical components in leaf litters during a 3.5-year decomposition
田兴军, Xingjun Tiana*, Hiroshi Takedaa, Jun-ichi Azumab
Eur. J. Soil Biol. 36(2000)81-89,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Changes in organic-chemical components of Abies needle and Betula leaf litters were studied over a 3.5-year period in a sub-alpine coniferous forest in Japan. During the 3.5-year incubation, mass loss of litters was 56 and 78% for Abies needle and Betula leaf, respectively. Decomposition of carbon components were expressed by Olson’s constant (k). Decomposition rates of extractives, holocellulose and lignin were 0.569, 0.274 and 0.143 for Abies needle and 0.547, 0.572 and 0.253 respectively for Betula leaf litter. Lignin underwent less decomposition in both litters compared with extractives and holocellulose. After a 3.5-year period of decomposition, the concentrations of extractives, holocellulose, and lignin were similar between the two litters. Over a 3.5-year period of decomposition, the sugar compositions reached similar levels between the two litter types at the later decomposition stage. Dendrogram analysis of sugar dynamics indicated two groups, the first group included galactose, xylose, glucose and rhamnose and the second group included mannose. A convergence in concentrations of organic components between two litter types was demonstrated at two levels, i.e. first level: major fractions such as extractives, holocellulose, and lignin; and thesecond level: sugars, such as arabinose, rhamnose, glucose, galactose, xylose and mannose.
Decomposition, lignin, holocellulose, sugar, Abies, Betula
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