Skeletal ages were assessed for 4.902 pairs of hand-wrist and knee radiographs of children aged 2-17 years. The FELS method was used to methods have the same conceptual and statistieal basis. The mean absolute differences, within age and sex-specific groups, ranged from 0.34 to 0.87 years. The SD of the differences ranged from 0.31 to 0.68 years and, like the means, tended to increase with age until about 8-11 years. The means and SD were generally larger for the boys than for the girls, except after 14 years. Within age and sex-specific groups, the maximum absolute differences were from 1.45 to 2.99 years. These maximum differences changed irregularly with age but tended to increase until 11 years in the boys and 9 years in the girls. These large absolute differences between the skeletal ages of the hand-wrist and the knee cannot be explained completely by the effects of observer errors. The means of the relative (signed) differences between the skeletal ages of the hand-wrist and the knee were all close to zero, but there was a wide range within age and sex-specific groups. These skeletal ages of the hand-wrist and the knee are not interchangeable. The 95th percentiles of the absolute differences show that, in at leas 5% of children, the choice of the area for skeletal age assessment will markedly influence the evaluation of individuals. They also demonstrate that descriptions of populations based on distributions of skeletal ages from one part of the skeleton may be misleading.

The association between relative skeletal age and fat patterning was analyzed by using data from the Fels Longitudinal Study for boys at chronological ages 8 to 17 years. Fat patterning, as indicated by age-specific means for three skinfold thickness indices adjusted for weight/stature2, was peripheral between 8 to 12 years of chronological age but began to increase in a centripetal direction towards a generalized distribution after 13 years. From 14 to 17 years of chronological age, boys with advanced relative skeletal ages had more centripetal fat patterns, as indicated by the ratio subscapular/(subscapular+triceps) skinfolds, than did those with retarded skeletal ages. The mean annual increment in this ratio was significantly greaterfrom 13 to 14 years of chronological age in boys with advanced relative skeletal ages than in those with retarded relative skeletal ages. Fat pattern index scores at 17 years of chronological age, however, could not be predicted from relative skeletal ages at 7, 11, or 14 years after adjustment for baseline fat pattern index scores and weight/stature2. It was concluded that fat patterning, as quantified by the ratio indices used in this study, was associated only weakly with relative skeletal age in boys. Fat patterning may be associated more strongly with other indicators of relative maturity such as secondary sex characteristics in adolescent boys.

Sibling correlations are reported for Fels skeletal ages from 2,622 mixed longitudinal hand-wrist radiographs of 285 boys and 276 girls. Because the observed correlations were irregular across age, they were smoothed by using kernel regression. The brother-sister correlations were generally lower than those for the other types of sibling pairs, but they were similar to the brother-brother correlations after 11 years. The sister-sister correlations after 12 years. The present data do not provide clear evidence of involvement of the X chromosome in the timing of skeletal maturation, but after 12 years the present data suggest such an involvement.

目的：探讨海绵窦的解剖学概念及其相关显微解剖，为临床应用提供解剖学基础。方法：用10%甲醛固定的成人头颅湿标本22例。分别在动脉系统与静脉系统中灌注红、蓝乳胶铸型。在手术显微镜下观察海绵窦及其相邻结构。结果：海绵窦蓝染乳胶形成粗细不等。反复分支的网状结构，与颈内动脉成毗邻关系并可分离。结论：本研究所见支持海绵窦是静脉丛的概念。

本文的目的在于研究人类密质骨的年龄变化规律，为法医学、人类学利用骨骼推断年龄提供新方法，本研究收集了86例中国北方汉族男性右侧第六肋骨的中1/3段，制作脱钙骨切片，在计算机图像分析仪上测量9项组织形态参数，并进行多元逐步回归分析，结果得到一个推断年龄的多元回归方程：Y＝33.545+0.93KX1+249.144X4+0.676X1-769.784X1-0.004X1，复相关系数和标准训分别是0.954和1.14。经30例已知年龄的标本检验，预测年龄的误差在±5岁以内的可达77%，误差在±8岁以内的可达100%。

骨龄作为人的生物学年龄是评价人的生长发育更为精确的指标，为了探讨骨龄与其它生长发育指标的关系，1985年我们选择了辽宁省开原县农村6-23岁汉族健康青少年2046名（男1061，女985）进行膝部X线拍片观察和23个指标的活体测量，同时对女性进行月经来潮的问卷调查。研究结果表明，男性股骨下端干骺融合时间为18.7岁，胫骨上端为21.1岁，脖骨上端为19.5岁；女性则分别为17.7岁、18.7岁和17.5岁。膝部长骨干骺融合时间与男、体重、坐高等呈正相关关系；在女性，还与月经初潮时间呈正相关，以股骨下端和膝骨上端为著。

目的：找到一种内听道准确的定位方法。方法：运用显微解剖技术和体质测量方法，采取CT扫描与三维CT重建技术。结果：经5例尸头模拟手术证明该法准确、可靠、安全、简便易行，达到一人一定位，弥补了传统定位方法的不足，对与内听道有关疾病的诊断和治疗具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

本文用为类学的方法对55例地克病病人做了103项指标的测定，同时选择了同性别、同民族、同出生年月、居住及生活条件相似的55例健康人做对照组。经过计算机筛选变量、做了判别分析，得出了差别函数和临界值。结果表明，本文正常人与华北汉族的体质特征最接近。地克病病人的身材矮小，一方面来源于坐高，另一方面来源于下肢长。全头高与正常人相近。鼻高、骨盆宽、头耳高、容面高、鼻梁深、头宽对鉴别病人和正常人具有显著意义。

本文根据西安市及辽宁省开原县2261名女学生及部分青年女农民的调查，得出了西安市女性月经初漂年龄为13.50±1.21岁；开原县为14.40±1.40岁。月经初潮时间有提前趋势，尤以农村为著。通过不同方法的统计分析，发现寿命表的方法优点较多，现状法调查比较准确。此外，本文还与国内、外的资料做了比较，分析了季节分布的特点，探讨了月经初潮的影响因素。

本文根据西安市2612名学生的活体测量和1361例的X线拍片观察，得出了应用膝部长骨的干骺融合程度及某些性度量推算身高与年龄的三十个回归方程和相应的误差，同时，对得出的方程进行了讨论。