宋志平
主要从事野生稻的保护生物学与水稻转基因生态安全研究,包括水稻基因漂移对普通野生稻的潜在影响、普通野生稻濒危机制与保护策略、水稻转基因逃逸的生态风险等研究方面。
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- 姓名:宋志平
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学术头衔:
博士生导师, 教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”入选者
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学科领域:
生态学
- 研究兴趣:主要从事野生稻的保护生物学与水稻转基因生态安全研究,包括水稻基因漂移对普通野生稻的潜在影响、普通野生稻濒危机制与保护策略、水稻转基因逃逸的生态风险等研究方面。
宋志平,男,1968年10月生。1991毕业于华中师范大学生物学系;1995-2001武汉大学研究生,获硕士、博士学位;2001-2003 复旦大学博士后,2003.12复旦大学副教授,2006.4复旦大学教授。主要从事野生稻的保护生物学与水稻转基因生态安全研究,包括水稻基因漂移对普通野生稻的潜在影响、普通野生稻濒危机制与保护策略、水稻转基因逃逸的生态风险等研究方面。主持国家自然科学基金2项,2005年入选教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”。
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481
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宋志平, Zhiping Song, Weiyue Zhu, Jun Rong, Xian Xu, Jiakuan Chen, Bao-Rong Lu
Evol Ecol(2006)20:501-522 DOI 10. 1007/s10682-006-9113-0,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Crop-to-wild introgression may play an important role in evolution of wild species. Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) is of a particular concern because of its cross-compatibility with the wild ancestor, O. rufipogon Griff. The distribution of cultivated rice and O. rufipogon populations is extensively sympatric, particularly in Asia where many wild populations are surrounded by rice fields. Consequently, gene flow from cultivated rice may have a potential to alter genetic composition of wild rice populations in close proximity. In this study, we estimated introgression of cultivated rice with O. rufipogon based on analyses of 139 rice varieties (86 indica and 53 japonica ecotypes) and 336 wild individuals from 11 O. rufipogon populations in China. DNA fingerprinting based on 17 selected rice simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs was adopted to measure allelic frequencies in rice varieties and O. rufipogon samples, and to estimate genetic associations between wild and cultivated rice through cluster analysis. We detected consanguinity of cultivated rice in O. rufipogon populations according to the admixture model of the STRUCTURE program. The analyses showedz that four wild rice populations, DXP1, DX-P2, GZ-P2, and HL-P, contained some rare alleles that were commonly found in the rice varieties examined. In addition, the four wild rice populations that scattered among the rice varieties in the cluster analysis showed a closer affinity to the cultivars than the other wild populations. This finding supports the contention of substantial gene flow from crop to wild species when these species occur close to each other. The introgressive populations had slightly higher genetic diversity than those that were isolated from rice. Crop-to-wild introgression may have accumulative impacts on genetic variations in wild populations, leading to significant differentiation in wild species. Therefore, effective measure should be taken to avoid considerable introgression from cultivated rice, which may influence the effective in-situ conservation of wild rice species.
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宋志平, Gui-hua Liu, Li-ming Luo, Bin Wang, Wei Li & Zhiping Song,
Conservation Genetics(2006)7: 909-917 DOI 10. 1007/s10592-006-9132-y,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, has endangered species conservation status and it is subject to in situ conservation in China. To understand the potential of the seed bank in species conservation and population restoration, this study compared the genetic diversity of O. rufipogon plants with that of its soil seed banks in two marshes. A total of 11 pairs of rice SSR primers were used and 9 were polymorphic. Allele frequencies of the seeds differed significantly from those of surface plants and varied between soil layers. Relatively more alleles and higher genetic diversity (He) were found in plant populations, relative to seed banks. The numbers of germinable seeds and the level of genetic variation in seed banks decreased with the increasing of soil depth, indicating a rapid seed loss. Genetic differentiation was detected between sites and between plant and seed populations, as well as among seeds of different soil strata. Rapid seed loss, partly dormancy loss, and nonrandom seed mortality are discussed as the possible contributors to the pattern of reduced genetic variation within seed banks, compared to plants. These could also be responsible for the considerable genetic differentiation between populations. The seed population held about 72% of the total genetic variation of O. rufipogon in each marsh, indicating the potential of seed banks for restoring population variabilities if the plant populations were lost.
conservation, genetic diversity, Oryza rufipogon, seed bank, SSR
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宋志平, XIAN XU, BAO-RONG LU, YOLANDA H. CHEN, MING XU, JUN RONG, PINGYANG YE, JIAKUAN CHEN and ZHIPING SONG
Molecular Ecologu(2006)15, 1535-1544,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Determining the genetic structure of an in situ conserved population can provide insight into the dynamics of population genetic processes associated with successful plant conservation. We used 21 microsatellite loci to analyse the genetic relationships among individuals (n=813) collected from a small Oryza rufipogon population conserved since 1993 in Hunan Province of China. The analysis revealed four distinct genetic subpopulations (FST=0.145) without geographic isolation. One subpopulation was composed of possible introgressed individuals, two subpopulations were composed of seed recruits and their descendants, and the fourth subpopulation consisted of reintroduced individuals, seed recruits and their descendants. Positive spatial genetic structures were detected by spatial autocorrelation statistics at the population (c. 63 m) and subpopulation levels (11-30 m), but the degree of autocorrelation was stronger at the population level. These results showed that prejudging the cryptic structure is important before autocorrelation analysis for the entire population. Our study suggests that population history can be a significant determinant on population structure for plant restoration projects.
cryptic structure, genetic structure, introgression, Oryza rufipogon, population history,, spatial autocorrelation analysis
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【期刊论文】Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) variation in populations of the cutgrass Leersia hexandra
宋志平, Zhiping Song, Yun Guan, Jun Rong, Xian Xu, Bao-Rong Lu
Aquatic Botany 84(2006)359-362,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Genetic variability of a perennial clonal aquatic weed Leersia hexandra was estimated by the ISSR assay. A total of 225 L. hexandra individuals collected from 10 populations in China were analyzed. The 12 used ISSR primers generated 175 bands, with an average of 14.6 per primer. The average values of percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB), effective number of alleles (Ae), and gene diversity (He) in these populations were 49.7%, 1.258, and 0.154, respectively, indicating a considerable genetic diversity in this species. Significant genetic differentiation was found among populations with the major genetic variability within populations based on Nei’s genetic diversity analysis (Gst = 0.417) and AMOVA (40.1%). Genetic variation is independent of geographical distance. This pattern of genetic variation may be associated with reproductive mode of its mixed breeding systems although mainly through vegetative propagation. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Leersia hexandra, Genetic diversity, ISSR, Differentiation, Clonal plant
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【期刊论文】Genetic diversity and conservation of common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) in China
宋志平, ZHIPING SONG, BO LI, JIAKUAN CHEN and BAO-RONG LU
Plant Species Biology(2005)20, 83-92,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Common wild rice (Oryza rufipogonGriff.), known as the ancestor of Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.), is the most important germplasm for rice improvement. The first male sterility gene was found in the wild rice, and introduced to the cultivated rice, which launched the fast development of the high-yielding hybrid rice. Other agronomically beneficial traits in the wild rice, such as rice tungro virus resistance, bacterial leaf blight (Xa21 gene) resistance and acid sulfate soil tolerance, have played important roles in rice breeding. China has the northernmost distribution area of wild rice possessing great genetic diversity. However, most of the populations of this species have disappeared in China over the last three decades, mainly caused by habitat loss, fragmentation and other human disturbances. Unfortunately, the decline of existing populations still continues. In the present study, we reviewed studies on genetic diversity and conservation of this wild rice in China, concentrating on population structure, pollen competition, pollen/gene flow from cultivated rice to wild rice, and ecological restoration in relation to in situ conservation. The relatively high genetic diversity of populations of O. rufipogon in China suggests that there is great value for conservation. Considerable gene flow from cultivated rice to wild rice may alter the genetic structure of natural populations of O. rufipogon and eventually lead to its genetic erosion. Pollen competition between wild and cultivated rice has caused a low rate of crop-to-wild gene flow, but it does not completely prevent gene flow from the crop. Effective isolation measures should be undertaken in the regions where in situ conservation of O. rufipogon is carried out. Reintroduction is an important alternative for the in situ conservation of wild rice species. As wild rice is an important genetic resource, both in situ and ex situ conservation strategies are needed.
common wild rice, conservation, gene flow, genetic diversity, genetic resource, Oryza rufipogon, restoration
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【期刊论文】Pollen flow of cultivated rice measured under experimental conditions
宋志平, ZHIPING SONG, BAO-RONG LU and JIAKUAN CHEN
Biofiversity and Conservation 13: 579-590, 2004,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The pollen flow pattern of a cultivated rice variety, Minghui-63, was studied at horizontal and vertical levels under experimental conditions. Data obtained from pollen traps for six designed populations (as pollen sources) at different intervals showed that the dispersal of rice pollen decreased with the increase of distance from pollen sources and that the rice pollen flow was significantly influenced by weather conditions, particularly by wind direction and speed. For a mean wind speed of 2.52 m/ s in a downwind direction, the observed distance of rice pollen dispersal was 38.4 m, indicating that rice pollen grains normally disperse at a relatively small range. However, the maximum distance of rice pollen flow could be up to 110 m, using regression analysis of pollen flow and wind speed, when the wind speed reached 10 m/ s in this study. The frequency of pollen flow was positively correlated with pollen source size within a given range, suggesting that pollen flow will occur effectively at a considerable rate in rice fields with sufficiently large pollen sources. In addition, many more pollen grains were detected at the height of 1.0-1.5 m than at 2.0 m, indicating that rice pollen mainly disperses at relatively low heights. Results from this study are useful both for minimizing transgene escape from transgenic rice and in situ conservation of wild relatives of rice, as well as for hybrid seed production, where an effective isolation buffer zone needs to be established.
Ecological risk, In situ conservation, Oryza sativa, Pollen flow, Rice, Transgene escape
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宋志平, ZHI PING SONG, BAO-RONG LU, BIN WANG and JIA KUAN CHEN
Annals of Botany 93: 311-316, 2004 doi: 10. 1093/aob/mch036, available online at ,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Background and Aims Introgression of crop genes into populations of wild relatives has important implications for germplasm conservation as well as for the persistence of novel transgenes in wild populations. Studies of hybrid fitness can be used to evaluate the potential for introgression to occur following episodes of interspecific hybridization. Methods This study estimated relative fitness of interspecific hybrids through performance comparison of F1 hybrids with their parental species, a cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) Minghui-63 and perennial common wild rice (O. rufipogon) under the cultivation conditions. Key Results Compared with their parents, the hybrids had the lowest values of seedling survival ability, pollen viability and seed production; intermediate values of seed germination, spikelet production and flag leaf areas; and the highest values of plant height, number of tillers and panicles. The hybrids performed poorly at the stage of sexual reproduction, although they had a slightly higher hybrid vigour at the vegetative growth stage and better tillering ability than their wild parent. There were no significant differences in composite fitness across the whole life-history between the hybrids and their wild parental species. Conclusions Rice genes, including transgenes, might persist in wild rice populations through vegetative and sexual reproduction. Further studies are needed to examine whether the extent of gene flow from rice is sufficiently significant to influence genetic diversity in wild populations of O. rufipogon, a species that has become endangered in some regions of south-east Asia.
Oryza rufipogon, O., sativa, rice, hybrid, fitness, introgression, ecological consequence
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【期刊论文】Genetic diversity in the northernmost Oryza rufipogon populations estimated by SSR markers
宋志平, Z. P. Song, X. Xu, B. Wang, J. K. Chen, B. -R. Lu
Theor Appl Genet(2003)107: 1492-1499 DOI 10. 1007/s00122-003-1380-3,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
To estimate genetic diversity of the residual northern populations of Oryza rufipogon, a total of 232 individuals from six populations were analyzed using microsatellites (SSRs). The O. rufipogon populations with different status included three from Dongxiang (Jiangxi Province) and three from Chaling (Hunan Province) in China. The 23 rice SSR primer pairs selected from the RiceGenes Database detected a total of 115 alleles, indicating that all the SSR loci were polymorphic in this study. The total gene diversity was 0.919 in the six O. rufipogon populations, and the Donxiang populations showed higher diversity than the Chaling populations. More significant genetic differentiation and less gene flow were found among the Dongxiang populations than those from Chaling. The two putative introgressed populations showed relatively high genetic variation. One in situ conserved population from Dongxiang had the lowest level of genetic diversity. The re-introduced population from Chaling restored about 90% of the genetic variation, compared with the original source population. It is concluded from these results that a relatively high level of genetic variation resided in the northern O. rufipogon populations and continued efforts of conservation of these populations are needed; and that the conservation of some Chaling and Dongxiang populations has been effective in preventing gene flow from cultivated rice. Introgression of cultivated rice demonstrated significant impacts on genetic variability of the O. rufipogon populations, and should be carefully considered in conserving this wild rice. This study also suggested that re-introduction to its original habitats is an effective approach to restore O. rufipogon populations.
Oryza rufipogon, SSR analysis, Genetic diversity, Introgression, Conservation
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宋志平, Zhi Ping Song, , Bao-Rong Lu, Ying Guo Zhu and Jia Kuan Chen
New phytologist(2003)157: 657-665,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
• Here, the gene flow from a cultivated rice variety (Minghui-63) to common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) was investigated to assess the biosafety risk associated with the environmental release of transgenic varieties. • Four experimental designs differing in the spatial arrangement of the Minghui-63 and O. rufipogon plants were used in experiments conducted in an isolated rice field in Hunan Province, southern China, where O. rufipogon occurs naturally. • Natural hybridization events between the two species were detected by scoring a simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular marker. A total of 296 hybrids were identified from 23 776 seedlings that were randomly germinated from>80 000 seeds collected from O. rufipogon. The occurrence of the crop-to-wild gene flow was significantly associated with wind direction and frequencies of the gene flow, which decreased significantly with distance from the pollen sources. The maximum observed distance of gene flow was 43.2 m. • The results indicated that gene flow from cultivated rice to O. rufipogon occurred at a considerable rate. Therefore, isolation measures should be considered when deploying transgenic rice in the sympatric regions of the wild rice, and when establishing in situ conservation of O. rufipogon. The experimental system in this study can be used for biosafety assessment of transgene escape of other wind-pollinated crops.
Oryza rufipogon, Oryza sativa, gene flow, biosafety, risk assessment, in situ conservation, molecular markers
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【期刊论文】Pollen competition between cultivated and wild rice species (Oryza sativa and O. rufipogon)
宋志平, Zhiping Song, Baorong Lu, Yingguo Zhu and Jiakuan Chen
New phytologist(2002)153: 289-296,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
• Post-pollination competition is reported here in cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) and a perennial wild rice (O. rufipogon) to investigate the occurrence of crop-to-wild gene flow. • Wild and cultivated rice (variety Minghui-63) were grown in a common garden in Hunan province, China, and crop-specific genetic markers were used to detect hybridization following hand-pollinations. Using 11 sequential pollination treatments, the effects of the relative timing of pollination on the success of foreign pollen was investigated. • Foreign pollen from the crop resulted in lower pollen germination, fewer pollen tubes per style, and a significant reduction of seed set, demonstrating a disadvantage of foreign pollen even in the absence of pollen competition. When 1 : 1 pollen mixtures were applied, only 2% of the resulting seeds were hybrids, revealing a much stronger disadvantage of foreign pollen when competing with conspecific pollen. Testing the effects of the relative timing of pollination on the success of foreign pollen suggested that conspecific pollen is often more successful than foreign pollen. Nonetheless, hybridization is possible following the deposition of pollen mixtures, especially when foreign pollen arrives earlier than conspecific pollen. • Pollen competition between wild and cultivated rice could slow the rate of crop-towild gene flow, but even if pollen competition was ubiquitous it would not prevent gene flow from the crop.
Oryza rufipogon, O., sativa, pollen competition, sequential pollination, reproductive isolation
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