吴平
植物养分、水分高效分子生理及功能基因,环境调控根系发育生物学
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- 姓名:吴平
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
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学科领域:
农艺学
- 研究兴趣:植物养分、水分高效分子生理及功能基因,环境调控根系发育生物学
吴平教授 ,男 1957.3出生。教授(博导)。1993年3月毕业于国际水稻研究所(IRRI)获博士学位,1994年回国。先后在美国Texas A&M, Cornell University, Yale University从事博士后与合作研究。现为浙江大学植物科学学科带头人,生命科学学院常务副院长,植物生理与生物化学国家重点实验室副主任。研究方向为植物养分、水分高效分子生理及功能基因,环境调控根系发育生物学。
1997年获国家杰出青年基金,1998年入选国家百千万人才工程培养计划,现为国家高技术研究发展规划项目(863)主题专家组专家,中国植物生理学会常务理事,浙江省植物生理学会理事长。多次应邀在国际植物营养大会、国际磷营养大会、国际水稻生物技术大会等作大会报告, 应邀在2000年和2003年两届全国植物生理年会作大会特邀报告。先后主持国家基金面上项目、国家基金重点项目、国家杰出青年基金项目、国家重点基础研究项目(973)课题、国家植物转基因专项课题、教育部科学技术研究重大项目、国家教育部跨世纪人才基金、省基金重大项目、美国洛克菲勒基金等项目。在水稻耐低磷胁迫机理及基因定位与功能分析方面获教育部2000年中国高校自然科学一等奖、浙江省2001年科技进步一等奖。已发表论文60余篇,其中SCI收录论文40余篇,出版著作《植物营养分子生理学》(2001,科学出版社)。培养博士生的论文入选2000年全国百篇优秀博士论文。
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【期刊论文】Molecular cloning and expression analysis of three genes encoding starch synthase II in rice
吴平, Huawu Jiang
Planta (2004) 218: 1062-1070,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Three starch synthase (SS) genes, OsSSII-1, OsSSII-2 and OsSSII-3, were identified in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and localized to chromosomes 10, 2 and 6, respectively. The three OsSSII full-length cDNAs were cloned, and the predicted amino acid sequences were found to share 52-73% similarity with other members of the plant SSII family. The SS activity of each OsSSII was confirmed by expression and enzyme activity assay in Escherichia coli. Expression profile analysis revealed that OsSSII-1 was expressed in endosperms, leaves and roots; OsSSII-2 was mainly expressed in leaves, while OsSSII-3 was mainly expressed in endosperms. Similar to the OsSSI proteins, the OsSSII-2 and OsSSII-3 proteins were found in the soluble as well as the starchgranule-bound fractions in rice. The roles of the OsSSII proteins in starch biosynthesis in rice and the evolutionary relationships of the genes encoding monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous class-II SS enzymes are discussed.
Evolution • Gelatinization property • Gene expression • Oryza • Starch synthase
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吴平, Chuanzao Mao, Keke Yi*, Ling Yang*, Bingsong Zheng*, Yunrong Wu, Feiyan Liu and Ping Wu
Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 55, No.394, pp. 1-7, January 2004,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Aluminium (Al) toxicity is the major factor limiting crop productivity in acid soils. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of Al toxicity and Al tolerance of rice, cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) was used for identifying Al-regulated genes in roots of an Al-tolerant tropical upland rice, Azucena, and an Al-sensitive lowland rice, IR1552. Nineteen function-known genes were found among 34 transcript-derived fragments (TDFs) regulated by Al stress. The results indicate that Al stress could induce the biosynthesis of lignin and other cell wall components in roots. Temporal expression patterns of 14 genes were identified between the two varieties. In silico mapping was performed for all the 33 unique genes. Two genes for a function-unknown protein and for a ubiquitin-like protein, respectively, were mapped on the interval with the common QTL (quantitative trait loci) for Al tolerance in rice on chromosome 1.
Aluminium stress,, cDNA-AFLP,, cell wall components,, Oryza sativa L.,
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吴平, Weimin Dian
Planta (2003) 218: 261-268,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
A full-length coding domain sequence of a gene analogous to granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS; ADP-glucose-starch glucosyltransferase, EC 2.4.1.21) was cloned and defined as OsGBSSII based on a Nitrogen (N)-starvation-induced cDNA library constructed using the rapid subtraction hybridization method. The deduced amino acid sequence of OsGBSSII was 62–85% identical to those of GBSS proteins from other plant species. The exon/intron organization of OsGBSSII was similar to that of OsGBSSI. OsGBSSII was mainly expressed in leaves and its protein was exclusively bound to starch granules in rice leaves, which suggests that the amylose in rice leaves is synthesized by OsGBSSII. N-starvation-induced expression of OsGBSSII could be repressed by supplying nitrate, ammonia or amino acid (glutamic acid or glutamine), glucosamine (an inhibitor of hexokinase) or dark conditions. These results indicate that N-starvation induction was dependent on the photosynthetic product and hexokinase in rice leaves. Sugars induced the accumulation of OsGBSSII transcripts in excised leaves through glycolysis-dependent pathways. OsGBSSII gene expression is regulated by the circadian rhythm in rice leaves.
Circadian rhythm • Gene expression • Granule-bound starch synthase • Nitrogen • Oryza • Sugar
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【期刊论文】Distribution and characterization of over 1000 T-DNA tags in rice genome
吴平, Shuangyan Chen†, Weizheng Jin, Mingyi Wang†, Fan Zhang†, Jie Zhou, Qiaojun Jia, Yunrong Wu, Feiyan Liu and Ping Wu *
The Plant Journal (2003) 36, 105-113,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
We generated T-DNA insertions throughout the rice genome for saturation mutagenesis. More than 1000 flanking sequences were mapped on 12 rice chromosomes. Our results showed that T-DNA tags were not randomly spread on rice chromosomes and were preferentially inserted in gene-rich regions. Few insertions (2.4%) were found in repetitive regions. T-DNA insertions in genic (58.1%) and intergenic regions (41.9%) showed a good correlation with the predicted size distribution of these sequences in the rice genome. Whereas, obvious biases were found for the insertions in the 5'- and 3'-regulatory regions outside the coding regions both at 500-bp size and in introns rather than in exons. Such distribution patterns and biases for T-DNA integration in rice are similar to that of the previous report in Arabidopsis, which may result from T-DNA integration mechanism itself. Rice will require approximately the same number of T-DNA insertions for saturation mutagenesis as will Arabidopsis. A database of the T-DNA insertion sites in rice is publicly available at our web site
rice (, Oryza sativa L., ), genome,, flanking sequence,, T-DNA insertion distribution.,
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吴平, B. S. Zheng
Theor Appl Genet (2003) 107: 1505-1515,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
To investigate the genetic factors underlying constitutive and adaptive morphological traits of roots under different water-supply conditions, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the lowland rice variety IR1552 and the upland rice variety Azucena with 249 molecular markers, was used in cylindrical-pot experiments. Eighteen QTLs were detected for seminal root length (SRL), adventitious root number (ARN), and lateral root length (LRL) and lateral root number (LRN) on the seminal root at a soil depth of from 3 to 6cm under flooding and upland conditions. One identical QTL was detected under both flooding and upland conditions. The relative parameters under the two water-supply conditions were also used for QTL analysis. Five QTLs for upland induced variations in the traits were detected with the positive alleles from Azucena. A comparative analysis was performed for the QTLs detected in this study and those reported from two other populations with Azucena as a parent. Several identical QTLs for root elongation were found across the three populations with positive alleles from Azucena. Candidate genes were screened from ESTs and cDNA-AFLP clones for comparative mapping with the detected QTLs. Two genes for cell expansion, OsEXP2 and endo-1,4-b-D-glucanase EGase, and four cDNA-AFLP clones from root tissues of Azucena, were mapped on the intervals carrying the QTLs for SRL and LRL under upland conditions, respectively.
Rice (, Oryza sativa L., ), • QTLs • Root morphology • Candidate genes • Flooding conditions • Upland conditions
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吴平, Ling Yang, Bingsong Zheng, Chuanzao Mao, Keke Yi, Feiyan Liu, Yunrong Wu, Qinnan Tao, Ping Wu *
Gene 314(2003)141-148,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The seminal roots of an upland rice variety, Azucena, showed accelerated elongation in response to a water deficit. The elongation of cortical cells in the elongation zone is rapidly stimulated within 16 h by the water deficit. cDNA-AFLP analysis was used to examine gene expression in seminal root tips at four time points (4, 16, 48 and 72h) during the water deficit. One hundred and six unique genes induced by the water deficit were obtained. The expression patterns of these genes were confirmed by Northern blot analysis based on 21 selected genesrepresenting different patterns. The 106 upregulated genes were composed of 60 genes of known function, 28 genes of unknown function and 18 novel genes. Sixty genes of known functions were involved in transport facilitation, metabolism and energy, stress-and defense-related proteins, cellular organization and cell-wall biogenesis, signal transduction, expression regulator and transposable element, suggesting that seminal root tips undergo a complex adaptive process in response to the water deficit. Expression of 22 genes reached a maximum within 16h of water deficit treatment. These included aquaporin (PIP2a), 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED1) and a negative regulator of gibberellin signal transduction (SPY); eight other genes participated in cell wall loosening or vesicle traffic.
Oryza sativa L., , Root elongation, Water deficit, Inducible expression
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吴平, Ping Wu, Ligeng Ma, Xingliang Hou, Mingyi Wang, Yungrong Wu, Feiyan Liu, and Xing Wang Deng *
Plant Physiology, July 2003, Vol. 132, pp. 1260-1271,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Arabidopsis genome expression pattern changes in response to phosphate (Pi) starvation were examined during a 3-d period after removal of Pi from the growth medium. Available Pi concentration was decreased after the first 24h of Pi starvation in roots by about 22%, followed by a slow recovery during the 2nd and 3rd d after Pi starvation, but no significant change was observed in leaves within the 3 d of Pi starvation. Microarray analysis revealed that more than 1,800 of the 6,172 genes present in the array were regulated by 2-fold or more within 72h from the onset of Pi starvation. Analysis of these Pi starvation-responsive genes shows that they belong to wide range of functional categories. Many genes for photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation were down-regulated. A complex set of metabolic adaptations appears to occur during Pi starvation. More than 100 genes each for transcription factors and cell-signaling proteins were regulated in response to Pi starvation, implying major regulatory changes in cellular growth and development. A significant fraction of those regulatory genes exhibited distinct or even contrasting expression in leaves and roots in response to Pi starvation, supporting the idea that distinct Pi starvation response strategies are used for different plant organs in response to a shortage of Pi in the growth medium.
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吴平, W.P. Zhang
Theor Appl Genet (2001) 103: 118-123,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
To identify the genetic background of seminal root length under different water-supply conditions, a recombinant inbred (RI) population consisting of 150 lines, derived from a cross between an indica lowland rice, IR1552, and a tropical japonica upland rice, Azucena, was used in both solution culture (lowland condition) and paper culture (upland condition). Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and epistatic loci for seminal root length were analyzed using 103 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers and 104 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers mapped on 12 chromosomes based on the RI population. One QTL for seminal root length in solution culture (SRLS) and one for seminal root length in paper culture (SRLP) were detected on chromosomes 8 and 1, and about 11% and 10% of total phenotypic variation were explained, respectively. The QTL for SRLP on chromosome 1 was very similar with the QTL for the longest nodal root referred to in a previous report; this QTL may be phenotypically selectable in a breeding program using paper culture. Five pairs of epistatic loci for SRLS were detected, but only one for SRLP, which accounted for about 60% and 20% of the total variation in SRLS and SRLP, respectively. The results indicate that epistasis is a major genetic basis for seminal root length, and there is a different genetic system responsible for seminal root growth under different water supply conditions.
Rice (, Oryza sativa L., ), • Seminal root length • Different water supply • Quantitative trait loci (, QTLs), • Epistasis
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吴平, C.Y. Liao
Theor Appl Genet (2001) 103: 104-111,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
A double-haploid (DH) population and a recombinant inbred (RI) line population, derived from a cross between a tropical japonica variety, Azucena, as male parent and two indica varieties, IR64 and IR1552, as female parents respectively, were used in both field and pot experiments for detecting QTLs and epistasis for rice panicle number in different genetic backgrounds and different environments. Panicle number (PN) was measured at maturity. A molecular map with 192 RFLP markers for the DH population and a molecular map with 104 AFLP markers and 103 RFLP markers for the RI population were constructed, in which 70 RFLP markers were the same. Six QTLs were identified in the DH population, including two detected from field experiments and four from pot experiments. The two QTLs, mapped on chromosomes 1 and 12, were identical in both field and pot experiments. In the RI population, nine QTLs were detected, five QTLs from field conditions and four from the pot experiments. Three of these QTLs were identical in both experimental conditions. Only one QTL, linked to CDO344 on chromosome 12, was detected across the populations and experiments. Different epistasitic interaction loci on PN were found under different populations and in different experimental conditions. One locus, flanked by RG323 and RZ801 on chromosome 1, had an additive effect in the DH population, but epistatic effects in the RI population. These results indicate that the effect of genetic background on QTLs is greater than that of environments, and epistasis is more sensitive to genetic background and environments than main-effect QTLs. QTL and epistatic loci could be interchangeable depending on the genetic backgrounds and probably on the environments where they are identified.
QTLs • Epistasis • RFLP • AFLP • Panicle number
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吴平, P. Wu
Theor Appl Genet (2000) 100: 1295-1303,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
To investigate the genetic background for aluminum (Al) tolerance in rice, a recombinant inbred (RI) population, derived from a cross between an Al-sensitive lowland indica rice variety IR1552 and an Al-tolerant upland japonica rice variety Azucena, was used in culture solution. A molecular linkage map, together with 104 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers and 103 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers, was constructed to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and epistatic loci for Al tolerance based on the segregation for relative root length (RRL) in the population. RRL was measured after stress for 2 and 4 weeks at a concentration of 1mM of Al3+ and a control with a pH 4.0, respectively. Two QTLs were detected at both the 2nd and the 4th weeks on chromosomes 1 and 12 from unconditional mapping, while the QTL on chromosome 1 was only detected at the 2nd stress week from conditional mapping. The effect of the QTL on chromosome 12 was increased with an increase of the stress period from 2 to 4 weeks. The QTL on chromosome 1 was expressed only at the earlier stress, but its contribution to tolerance was prolonged during growth. At least one different QTL was detected at the different stress periods. Mean comparisons between marker genotypic classes indicated that the positive alleles at the QTLs were from the Al-tolerant upland rice Azucena. An important heterozygous non-allelic interaction on Al tolerance was found. The results indicated that tolerance in the younger seedlings was predominantly controlled by an additive effect, while an epistatic effect was more important to the tolerance in older seedlings; additionally the detected QTLs may be multiple allelic loci for Al tolerance and phosphorus-uptake efficiency, or for Al and Fe2+ tolerance.
Oryza sativa L., • AFLP markers • RFLP markers • Aluminum tolerance • QTLs • Epistasis
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