闵航
厌氧微生物和环境微生物的研究
个性化签名
- 姓名:闵航
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
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学科领域:
微生物学
- 研究兴趣:厌氧微生物和环境微生物的研究
男,1945年出生。上海南汇人。教授,浙江大学微生物学和环境工程专业跨学科博士生导师。长期从事微生物学的教学和科学研究,担任本科生、硕士生和博士生的微生物学、高级微生物学、环境微生物学进展专题等不同层次的课程教学。研究领域主要集中在厌氧微生物和环境微生物的研究。1986~1988年曾赴美国Cornell大学微生物学系进修和合作研究。主持和主要完成了国家自然科学基金项目,“GST酶及其基因在多环芳烃降解菌系统发育分类、降解过程和污染环境评价中的功能研究”、“水稻田甲烷排放的微生物学机理及其控制途径研究”、“水稻田中除草剂的厌氧降解的微生物学机理研究”、“促进水稻田中甲烷微生物学氧化减少甲烷排放的研究”、“水稻田土壤甲烷厌氧氧化及其微生物分子生理生化生态研究”、“厌氧消化过程中种间分子氢转移研究”、“长期施用农药对棉田土壤晚上生态演变的研究”、“中国土壤生物演化与安全预警系统研究”863计划重大专项“农药残留降解基因工程菌的构建与分子监测”等国家、教育部、国家科委、省自然科学基金和国际合作项目的研究项目。对于水稻田土壤中的甲烷形成和甲烷的好氧氧化与厌氧氧化的微生物学机制作了深入研究;对于某些新型农药和除草剂、重金属镉对水田土壤可培养微生物及其生物活性的影响,并运用PCR-DGGE分子生物学方法揭示了水田土壤微生物群落结构在除草剂、农药和镉污染胁迫下的时空演变;分离纯化和系统鉴定了能降解菲的少动鞘氨醇单胞菌菌株,并对其降解菲的途径作了分析、降解途径的关键酶2,3-双加氧酶和其他酶系作了克隆和表达、对GST酶及其基因在多环芳烃降解菌系统发育分类、降解过程和污染环境评价中的功能进行了研究,在各领域的研究中提出了新的见解。主编出版教材和专著6部,《厌氧微生物学》、《沼气发酵微生物学》、《微生物学》、《Advanced Microbiology》、《Microbial Research Techniques》等,参编出版教材和专著6部,《环境生物学》、《环境微生物学》。发表中英文论文近90多篇,其中近20篇为SCI/EI所收录。 指导和培养国内外博士生、硕士生、进修生50多名,国外学生来自埃及、马里、喀麦隆、伊朗、孟加拉、德国等多个国家。多次荣获浙江省政府和有关部委的不同等级奖励。曾受国家教育部和原浙江农业大学派遣,赴喀麦隆共和国执行中国和喀麦隆共和国之间的高教合作项目援建喀麦隆雅温得大学微生物学实验室,担任中国教师组首席教授,并受聘为雅温得大学教授,指导和培养博士生和硕士生,获喀麦隆总统骑士勋章。
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闵航, Zhenmei Lǖ, Hang Min, * and Ying Xia
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The activity response of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, ATP enzyme activities of Escherichia coli (G-), Bacillus subtilis (G+), and Burkholderia cepacia WZ1 (G-) following exposure to quinclorac was investigated. The bacterial strains were treated with the different concentrations of quinclorac (1.65, 16.5, 33.0, 165.0, 330.0, and 500.0mgL-1). Results obtained indicated that SOD and CAT activities of these bacteria were induced positively and obviously by quinclorac, especially to Gram-positive (G+) bacteria treated by lower than 330mgL-1 of quinclorac. The inhibition of ATPase in E. coli K12, B. subtilis, and B. cepacia WZ1 appeared stronger with the increase of quinclorac concentration, showing a striking dose-response relationship, which can, therefore, be used as an available bioindicator for quinclorac pollution. The concentration of quinclorac applied in this research had significant effects on these three bacteria at the early stage of incubation, but none of which was persistent. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and activity staining of SOD revealed that quinclorac had effects on isoforms of E.coli and B. subtilis, and on the staining intensities of the isoforms of B. cepacia WZ1. When E. coli K12 was incubated with 330mgL-1 of quinclorac, the upper band of the isoforms of SOD tended to become slightly more apparent at 1 h after the quinclorac treatment, but the staining activity was slightly reduced after the prolonged treatment of quinclorac. No such changes of the isoforms of B. cepacia WZ1was observed.
Quinclorac, Oxidative stress, SOD, CAT, ATPase.,
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【期刊论文】Short-term Influence of Herbicide Quinclorac on Enzyme Activities in Flooded Paddy Soils*1
闵航, Lǖ Zhen-Mei, MIN Hang and YE Yang-Fang
Pedosphere 14 (1): 2004,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The influence of quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinollne carboxylic acid) on enzyine activity in flooded paddy soils was assessed under laboratory conditions. The enzymes dilfred markedly in their response to quinclorac. Quinclorac inhibited proteinase, hydrogen peroxidase, phosphorylase, and urease activities. The higher the concentration of quinclorac applied, the more significant the inhibition to these observed activities witb a longer time required to recover to the level of the control. However, soils supplelnented with quinclorac were nonpersistent for proteinase, phosphorylase and urease as opposed to soils without quinclorac. Debydrogenase activi5y was also sensitive to quinclorac. Three soil samples with concentrations of quinclorac lfigher than 1μg-1 soil declined to less than 20% of that in the control. However, the highest debydrogenase activity (up to 3.28-fold) was detected in soils with 2μg g-1 soil quinclorac on the 25th day after treatment. Quinclorac had a relatively mild eflect on saccharase activity at the concentrations used in this experiment and a stinmlatory one on soil respiration when added to soil at normal field concentrations. Nonetheless it was inhibited at higher concentrations in paddy soils. Quinclorac is still relatively sale to the soil ecosystem when applied at a norlnal concentration (0.67μg g-1 dried soil) but may have solne effects on soil enzylnes aL higher
llooded paddy soil,, quinclorac,, soil enzyme activity,, soil respiration
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闵航, Aidong Ruan, Hang Min, Ziqiang Meng, Zhenmei Lǖ
Inhalation Toxicology, 15: 1053-1058, 2003,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common but important air pollutant. Micronuclei (MN) in the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) of mouse bone marrow and the ratio between organ and body weight of treatment mouse were determined and analyzed in vivo in order to study injury of sulfur dioxide inhalation on organs and germ plasm of mouse as well as protective effect of seabuckthorn seed oil against this injury. It was showed that SO2 inhalation induced the change of the ratio between organ and body of mouse organs, such as liver, lung, kidney, and spleen, and a significant increase of number of MNPCE, while seabuckthorn seed oil offered a protection against such injury.
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闵航, Zhenmei L
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH Part B-Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes Vol. B38, No.6, pp. 771-782, 2003,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Strain WZ1 capable of degrading quinclorac was isolated from a pesticide manufactory soil and considered to be Burkholderia cepacia, belonged to bacteria, Proteobacteria, b-Proteobacteria, based on morphology, physio-biochemical proper-ties, whole cell fatty acid analysis and a partial sequencing of 16S rDNA. Strain WZ1decomposed 90% of quinclorac at original concentration of 1000 mg L-1 within 11days. GC/MS analysis showed that the strain degraded quinclorac to 3,7-dichloro-8-quinoline and the cracked residue 2-chloro, 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid, indicatingthat the metabolic pathway was initiated by process of decarboxylation followed by cleavage of the aromatic ring. Stain WZ1 was also able to degrade some other herbicides and aromatic compounds, including 2,4,5-T, phenol, naphthalene and hydrochinone etc. This paper describes for the first time Phylogenetic and degradation characterization of a pure bacterium which, is able to mineralize quinclorac.
Quinclorac degradation, Burkholderia cepacia WZ1, 16S rDNA, Fatty acid analysis, Phylogenetic analysis.,
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【期刊论文】Microbial Aerobic Oxidation of Methane in Paddy Soil
闵航, H. Min*, Z.Y. Chen, W. X. Wu & M.C.Chen
Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2002, 64 (1-2): 79-85,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The microbial aerobic oxidation activity of methane, the population of aerobic methane oxidizers and the factors influencing the activity of methane oxidation were investigated in three types of paddy rice soil in Zhejiang Province, China. Methane oxidation activity was different among Huangsong paddy soil developed from fluvo-aquic soil, Old huangjinni paddy soil developed from quaternary red clay and Qingzini paddy soil developed from coastal saline soil, among which Huangsong paddy rice soil showed the highest activity of methane oxidation. The distinct activity of methane oxidation and populations of methane-oxidizing bacteria were found in various Huangsong paddy rice soil samples with different plant-cover but they would reach to the same level after these soil samples were incubated and induced by extra added methane. The population of methane oxidizing bacteria was at maximum within the peak- tillering and the heading and flowering stages, during which the largest population of methanogenic bacteria also appeared. Temperatures from 25℃ to 35℃ and pH from 6 to 8 were the optimum conditions for aerobic oxidation of methane in paddy rice soil. The physical composition of soil granules with different sizes also affected the activity of methane oxidation.
paddy rice soil, methane oxidation, methane formation, influencing factors
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【期刊论文】Efects of butachlor on microbial enzyme activities in paddy soil
闵航, MIN Hang, YE Yang-fang, CHEN Zhong-yun, WU Wei-xiang, DU Yu-eng
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
that after application of butachlor with conecentration of 5.5μg/g dried soil, 11.0μg/g dried soil and 22.0μg/g dried soil. The application of butachlor enhanced the activity of dehydrogenase at in cerasing comcentations. The soil dehydrogenase showed the highest activity on the 16th day after application of 22.0μg/g dried soil of butacholr. Ther hydrogen peroxidase eould be stimulated by butachlor. The soil respiration was depressed within a period from several days to more than 20 days, depending on comcentaratione o butachlor applied. Both the nitrogen fiuation and nitification were stimulated in the beginning but reduced greatly afernards in paddy soil.
herbicide, butacblor, microbial enzyme activity, paddy rice soil
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【期刊论文】Isolation and characterization of phenanthrene-degrading Sphingomonas paucimobilis strain ZX4
闵航, Ying Xia, , Hang Min*, Gang Rao, Zhen-mei Lv, Ji Liu, Yang-fang Ye & Xue-jun Duan
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Phenanthrene-degrading bacterium strain ZX4 was isolated from an oil-contaminated soil, and identified as Sphingomonas paucimobilis based on 16S rDNA sequence,cellular fatty acid composition, mol% G+C and Biolog-GN tests. Besides phenanthrene, strain ZX4 could also utilize naphthalene, fluorene and other aromatic compounds. The growth on salicylic acid and catechol showed that the strain degraded phenanthrene via salicylate pathway, while the assay of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase revealed catechol could be metabolized through meta-cleavage pathway. Three genes, including two of meta-cleavage operon genes and one of GST encoding gene were obtained. The order of genes arrangement was similar to S-type meta-pathway operons. The phylogenetic trees based on 16S rDNA sequence and meta-pathway gene both revealed that strain ZX4 is clustered with strains from genus Sphingomonas.
16S rDNA,, Meta-cleavage operon genes,, Phenanthrene degradation,, Phylogenetic analysis
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闵航, L
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
To investigate the potential effects of herbicide quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinoline-carboxylic) on the culturable microorganisms in flooded paddy soil. Methods Total soil aerobic bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were counted by a 10-fold serial dilution plate technique. Numbers of anaerobic fermentative bacteria (AFB), denitrifying bacteria (DNB) and hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria (HPAB) were numerated by three-tube anaerobic most-probable-number (MPN) methods with anaerobic liquid enrichment media. The number of methanogenic bacteria (MB) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) were determined by the rolling tube method in triplicate. Soil respiration was monitored by a 102G-type gas chromatography with a stainless steel column filled with GDX-104 and a thermal conductivity detector. Results Quinclorac concentration was an important factor affecting the populations of various culturable microorganisms. There were some significant differences in the aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, AFB and DNB between soils supplemented with quinclorac and non-quinclorac at the early stage of incubation, but none of which were persistent. The numbers of fungi and DNB were increased in soil samples treated by lower than 1.33μg•g-1 dried soil, while the CFU of fungi and HPAB were inhibited in soil samples treated by higher than 1.33μg•g-1 dried soil. The population of actinomycete declined in negative proportion to the concentrations of quinclorac applied after 4 days, however, application of quinclorac greatly stimulated the growth of AFB and NFB. MB was more sensitive to quinclorac than the others, which of three soil samples with concentrations higher than 1μg•g-1 dried soil declined significantly to less than 40% of that in the control, but the numbers of the samples with lower concentrations of quinclorac were nearly equal to that in the control at the end of experiments. Conclusion Quinclorac is safe to the soil microorganisms when applied at normal concentrations (0.67μg•g-1).
Quinclorac, Soil culturable microorganisms, Soil respiration, Flooded paddy soil
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闵航, Wei-xiangWu a, Qing-fuYe b, *, Hang Min a
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The biochemical properties of soil have often been described as early and sensitive indicators of ecological changes in both natural soil and agroecosystem. In the current study, the impacts of the amendment of Bt-transgenic rice (KMD) straw on biological activities in water-flooded soil were investigated under laboratory conditions and compared with non-transgenic rice (Xiushui 11) straw. The results showed that there were some differences in protease, neutral phosphatase and cellulase activitiesbetween soil amended with Bt-transgenic rice straw and non-transgenic rice straw at the early stage of incubation, and none of these differences were persistent. However, differences in dehydrogenase activity, methanogenesis, hydrogen production and anaerobic respiration between soil supplemented with Bt-transgenic rice strawand non-transgenic rice strawwere persistent over the course of incubation. Dehydrogenase activity, methanogenesis and anaerobic respiration were considerably lower from sample days 7 to 56, but higher after day 56 in soil amended with Bt-transgenic rice straw. In comparison, the H2-production in soil containing Bt-transgenic rice straw was significantly lower after day 56. The results demonstrated that the amendment of the Bt-transgenic rice straw altered some important biological properties in water-flooded soil, indicating a shift in microbial populations or a change in the metabolic abilities of the microbial community as a result of substrate availability in soil.
Bt-transgenic rice, Straw amendment, Soil biological activities, Water-flooded soil
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闵航, YE Yang-fang, , MIN Hang*, DU Yu-feng
Journal of Enviromental Sciences. 16 (2): 343-347,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
A bacterium (designated strain Y1) degrading acetanilide herbicide mefenacet was isolated from aerobic sludge. Based on the analyses of partial 16S rRNA gene, cellular fatty acid and BIOLOG- GN, and general physiological and biochemical characteristics, strain Y1 was identified as Sphingobacterium multivolum. Strain Y1 was able to degrade mefenacet used as sources of carbon and energy. Degradation of mefenacet was accompanied by producing the metabolites N- methylaniline and an unidentified compound with molecular weight 205, indicating a metabolic pathway of mefenacet initiated by hydrolysis of amido bond.
herbicide, mefenacet, Sphingobacterium, biodegradation
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