张孝文
个性化签名
- 姓名:张孝文
- 目前身份:
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
- 职称:-
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学科领域:
材料科学基础学科
- 研究兴趣:
张孝文教授、清华大学材料学博士生导师,现任中国硅酸盐学会副理事长、清华大学新型陶瓷与精细工艺国家重点实验室学术委员会委员。1957年毕业于清华大学机械制造工程系,曾任清华大学校长,国家教委副主任、国务院学位委员会副主任。1990年入选为国际陶瓷科学院院士,主要研究方向是电子陶瓷。曾获国家发明奖二等奖、科技进步奖三等奖及国家教委科技进步奖一等奖、中国高校科学技术奖(自然科学)一等奖等多项国内外奖励。著有“固体材料结构基础”及论文150余篇。张孝文教授是2000年度教育部高校科技奖基础类一等奖项目“复合钙钛矿结构材料中有序-无序相变规律及其影响的研究”的第一得奖人。该成果在对复合钙钛矿结构材料中有序-无序相变规律的研究中,提出了影响有序化因素的解析判据式,把过去经验性的规律发展到可以计算的阶段。在对有序-无序相变规律有清楚认识的基础上,进一步探索了微结构变化对材料性能的影响,建立了驰豫铁电体极性微区转向极化的物理模型,描述了实际材料中的介电响应过程,提出了有纳米级结构相弥散分布在基体相的两相材料中存在着一种“各态遍历空间逐步缩小”的相变理论,成功地解释了驰豫铁电体在弱场下出现的很多介电特性。
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张孝文
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-1年11月30日
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【期刊论文】Possible order–disorder phase diagrams in(A`xA``1-x)BO3 and A(B`xB``1-x)O3 complex perovskites
张孝文
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-1年11月30日
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【期刊论文】Judge rules of formation of ordered domain in perovskite-type A(B`B`)O,relaxor
张孝文
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
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【期刊论文】Defect Chemistry of BaTiOa with Additions of CaTiO3
张孝文, XIAO WEN ZHANG, * YOUNG IIO HAN, ★, † MISRI LAL, † and DONALD M. SMYTH★
J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 70 [2] 100-103(1987),-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The substitution of up to 5% Ca2+for Ba2+in BaTiO3 results In a shill in the oxygen pressure dependence of the equilibrium electrical conductivity that is in the same direction as that caused by addition of acceptor impurities such as Al3+or Ca2+substituted for Ti4+. In contrast to the latter effect, however, the shape of the conductivity plot is not changed, the conductivity value at the conductivity minimum is not affected, and the amount of the shift increases with decreasing temperature of measurement. It is shown that the shift is primarily due to an increase in the enthalpy of reduction and a decrease in the enthalpy of oxidation as increasing amounts of Ba2+are replaced by Ca2+.
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张孝文, J.A. PASK, * X.W. ZHANG, *'* and A. P. TOMSIA*, B.E. YOLDAS★'†
J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 70 [10] 704-707(1987),-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Starting powders containing 72 wt% Al2O3 and 28 wt% SiO2 were prepared by sol-gel methods classified as colloidal and polymeric. Compacts fired at 1700℃ showed significant differences in microstructure. The specimens formed with the colloidal powder had mullite grains of prismatic shape and a liquid phase; with polymeric powder, mullite grains were granular with no liquid phase present. It is shown that the mullite grains in the first case are higher in Al2O3 content, resulting in an excess of SiOz which is the base for the liquid phase. In the second case, the mullite grains have the same Al2O3 content as the starting powders. The presence of a liquid phase in the first case is considered to be metastable, resulting from the nature of the starting materials and processing conditions employed.
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【期刊论文】Study of the Order-Disorder Transition in A(B'B")O3 Perovskite Type Ceramics
张孝文, Xiao-wen Zhang* and Qiang Wang, Bing-lin Gu
J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 74 [11] 2846-50(1991),-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Based on an order-disorder transition model and the calcu lation of coulombic electrostatic interaction of B-site ions, an "ordering structure factor" F0 is introduced. Consequently, an available criterion and diagram to predict the orderdisorder transition of A(B'B")O3 is presented quantitatively. The theoretical results compare satisfactorily with experimental data collected from the literature for different kinds of A(B'B")O3 ferroelectr[cs and antiferroelectrics. Permittivity ε' is a sensitive parameter and plays an important role in order-disorder transition. The reason for conflicting arguments from different references for the ordering of some compounds is discussed.
perovskites,, ordering,, transition,, theory,, permittivity.,
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【期刊论文】Morphotropic phase boundary in Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 /PbTiO3 solid solution system
张孝文, Ke-pi Chen a, *, Chao Lei a, Xiaowen Zhang a, Jun Wang b
Materials Science and Engineering B99(2003)487-490,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
(1-x)Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (x=0.28-0.42) solid solution was synthesized by a B-site precursor method and characterized by high-resolution synchrotron radiation X-rays diffraction and dielectric measurement. The results indicated that composition induced phase transition is not continuous, and the intermediate monoclinic phase may exist in morphotropic phase boundary between rhombohedral and tetragonal phases in this solid solution system.
Lead nickel niobate, Morphotropic phase boundary, Dielectric properties, Monoclinic phase
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张孝文, Ke-Pi Chen, Xiao-Wen Zhang and Hao-Su Luo
J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14(2002)L571-L576,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
<001>-oriented 0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.3 PbTiO3 single crystals were poled under two different electric fields, Epoling=4 and 13 kV cm−1. In addition to the temperature-dependent dielectric constant measurement, x-ray diffraction was also used to identify the poling-induced phase transitions. The results showed that the phase transition significantly depends on the poling intensity. The weaker field (Epoling=4 kV cm−1) was able to overcome the effect of the random internal field to produce the phase transition from the rhombohedral ferroelectric state with short-range ordering (microdomains), FESRO, to the rhombohedral ferroelectric state with long-range ordering (macrodomains), FELRO. But the rhombohedral ferroelectric-to-tetragonal ferroelectric phase transition originating from<111>to<001>polarization rotation could only be induced by the stronger field (Epoling=13 kV cm−1). The sample poled at Epoling=4 kVcm−1 showed a higher piezoelectric constant, d33>1500 pC N−1, than the sample poled at Epoling=13 kV cm−1.
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张孝文, Shu Miao, † Xiaowen Zhang, *, ‡ and Jing Zhu†, §
J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 84 [9] 2091-95(2001),-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The ordered domain structures in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN) and Pb1-xLax (Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 are identified using highresolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and nanobeam diffractometry (NBD). The chemical compositions in the ordered domains and in the disordered matrices are also acquired using energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The best matching computer-simulated HRTEM image has a Mg2/+Nb2 ratio of 1/2. There is no obvious chemical composition difference between the ordered domains and the disordered matrices. The number of the normalized total positive valence electrons remains almost constant in the ordered domains and in the disordered matrices for all the samples. The reason for the growth of the ordered domains in La-doped PMN also is discussed.
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