本文研究与讨论了一种新的核线相关算法——跨接法。它是基于特征匹配的算法，即将两个“特征”连接起来构成匹配窗。由于此算法能预先消除匹配窗口之几何变形，然后再判断其灰度分布之相似性，因而它能有效地考虑由于地形起伏等原因引起的变形，提高了影像相关的可靠性。

摄影测量是测量学科的分支，它在室人的仪器上利用由摄影获得得的影像构建实物的三维模型，然后在此三维模型上进行测绘。根据影像数据的获取方式不同。可分为航空摄影测量、近景摄影测理与航天摄影测量等。摄影测量的基本原理是利用影像上的“同名”像点确定空间坐标，其过程主要包括：摄影机检定，确定影像的方位元素，建立数字高程模型，制作正射影像，三维数字测图等。它还被广泛用于三维重建以及数码城市的建模等领域。摄影测量发展至今经历了模拟、解析、数字摄影测量三个阶段。无论是模拟还是解析摄影测量都依赖于精密的光、机仪器，由于人进行操作。数了摄影测量利用计算机进行数字影像关实现自动化测绘。在1992年的国际摄影测量与遥感（ISPRS）大会上第一次推出了商用数字摄影测量工作站（DPW），标志着进入了数字摄影测量的时代。早在1978年底，我国中科院院士、国际摄影测量与遥感学会荣誉会员王之卓教授就高瞻远瞩地提出“建立了我国的DPW：VirtuoZo，获得国家自然科学二等奖、国家科技进步二等到奖等。我国对数字摄影理论的发展做出了不少的贡献，取得了相当多的成果，主要包括：①基于跨接法的松驰影像匹配算法：克服了地形起伏对相关质量的影响并兼顾匹配结果的一致性，大大提高了系统的可靠性与适应性；②多级匹配理论与实践：由粗到细的多级匹配策略兼顾了可靠性与精度。降低了匹配的总计算量；③基于框标对称性实现内定向的全自动化；④基于多级匹配的相对定向全自动化；⑤核线与近似核线影像的高质量快速生成。VirtuoZo由科研到产业化为我国的摄影量生产实现跨越式的发展做出贡献，走过了一条先国外后国内、先国际化再国产化的不平凡的道路。在国际合作中坚持了我国的知识产权与互惠互利原则，极大地提高了我国在摄影测量不额头的国际影响、促进了学科的进一步发展。随着DPW的广泛应用及相关高技术的出现，摄影测量如何发展是一个必须回答的问题。近年来的理论发展包括广义点摄影测量理论与“多”基线立体的摄影测量理论等。数字摄影测量实践的进一步发展包括城市建模技术的自动化与钣金件检测等方面。数字摄影测量的发展始终贯串着创新这个核心。创新一定是有违于传统，需要勇敢、不怕“孤独”，需要理论与实践的积累以及由“模糊”到“清晰”的渐进的过程，需要对自身学科的积累与对其他学科的了解VirtuoZo的产业化厣程本身也是一种“创新”。

本文在一维单象段跨接法的基础上，叙述了三方面的扩展：（1）将一维影象段扩展到二维景象段，从而增加了匹配元内的信息量；；（2）将面向单个特征扩展成为面向影象段；（3）将单个影象的匹配推广到整体影象匹配，从而增加了整体的一致性。后者是将跨接法与动态规划相结合，将整体影象匹配归结为求解最优路径问题。为了处理“遮蔽”问题或“噪声特征”，本文引入了虚拟状态的概念。它容许动态规划算法能够跨越一个或几个阶段。

数字城市是信息时代发展的必然产物，城市建模是数字城市的重要内容与必要步骤。到目前为止，城市建模虽然已经成为国内、外建立数字城市的热点，人们正在通过各种途径进行城市建模，但是城市建模还有不少关键问题与技术“亟待解决”。本文介绍了实现城市建模的基本原理与方案、存在的部分问题及其解决的途径，包括房屋几何建模的半自动化、房屋墙面纹理影射的半自动化及房屋墙面纹理遮挡分析、数据压缩等。

Registration and fusing of images are important in the synthetical application of multi-source remote sensing images, and the former is the base of the later. Good result can be acquireed in flat region by the traditional method. However, the result is not good usually in the mountain region by the same method, and it leads to the bad result of image fusing. A new registration method, called as facet based differential registration of remote sensing images, is presented. The key strongpoint of the methcod is to acquire dense controls points (CPs). A dense irregular triangle network (TIN) is generated from the dense CPs. The relative registration is based on the facet of the dense TIN. The fine rgeistrated images are assurance of fine fusing image. Some experiment using many parcactical examples demonstrate that the new method is suitable for registration and fusing of remote sensing images from not only moutain region, but also flat region.

Rapid texture mapping of bulidings and other man-made object is a key aspect for reconstrution of 3D city landscapes. An effective approach by the way of coarse-to-fine 3D city model generation based on digital photogrammetric theory is proposed. Tree image sequences, two oblique photography to buildings' walls and one vertical photography to building's roof, acquired by digital video camera on a helicopter, coarse 2D vector data of buildings and LIDAR data are used as sourices of information. Automatic aerial triangulation technqiue for high overlapping image sequences in used to give initial values of camera parameters of each image. The correspondence between the space edge of building and its line feature in image sequencces is determined with a coarse-to-fine strategy. Hy brid poing-line photogrammetric technique is used for accurate reconstruction of buildings. Reconstructed buildings with fine textures superimposed on DSM and orthoimage are visualized realistically.

A novel approach for three-dimensional; reconstructin and measurement of industrial parts with non-metric image sequence is proposed. Non-metric image sequence and CAD-designed data are used as source of information. The strtegy of our approach is to reconstruct and measure the producing imprecision or deformations of industral parts mainly composed of line segments and circles automatically with points and lines extracted from imagery. Principles and results of line segment least squares template matching to extract precie points and lines from imagery are diseussed. Hybrid point-line photogrammetry is adopted to reonstruct industral parts accurately. Circles on the part are reconstructed with known camera parameters from bundle adjustment. The reconstructed CAD model can be used for measurement. Results of real images of several parts are very satifying, which shows a promising potential in automatic 3D reconstruction and measurement of widely existed industrial parts mainly composed of points and lines.

Point based co-linearity is an essential conception in Photogrammetry. But point in photogrammetry means only physical or visible points, such as dots, cross points and corner point etc. Especially in the stage of either analogue or analytical, even digital photogrammetry, the main primitive feature, which can be measured by human operator, is physical point. It can be referred to as Point Photogrammetry contrary to Line photogrammetry, which is proposed and used only in the past about 20 years. For a straight line a coplanar equation is used, where the line on the image lies on the plane, passing through corresponding spatial straight line and the photographing centre in line photogrammetry. All straight lines and curves are normally referred to linear feature rather than point feature in line photogrammetry. The co-planarity can be normally explain as Sa

Through the stages of Analogue and Analytical, the photogrammetry has entered the digital photogrammetric era completely. Digital Photogrammetric Workstation (DPW), which was born in digital photogrammetric era, has been widely used in practice and it also pioneers a wide field being used photogrammetric technique. But we should notice that both from the design concept of DPW to practical application or from operating procedure to production workflow, DPW is affected by the traditional photogrammetric concepts, especially by analytical plotter. With the development of computer science and digital photogrammetric technique, it urges us to design a new system for digital photogrammetry, and the new system must contain two main parts: Automation and Interactive, which can make full use of the potential of "Human" and "Computer" to promote the production efficiency. The new system also should be a management system instead of purely a production system.