为了更合理地进行底部框架结构的抗震分析，本文用ANSYS等分析了在水平地震作用下的底框结构，论述了规范对该类结构有关抗震分析计算模型、刚度计算、地震内力计算等存在的问题，给出了计算框架层折算刚度的方法及应该采用层弯剪型整体计算模型分析地震作用等建议，初步对比计算表明，用本文建议方法计算更符合ANSYS等的分析结果。

橡胶垫隔震技术正向大高宽比的高层结构发展，而对这类结构详细的试验研究目前并不多。为此本文着重介绍了相似比为5、高宽比为3.1的模型结构振动台试验的结果及初步分析。首先介绍所定做铅芯橡胶垫的隔震设计及橡胶垫静力研究结果，随后介绍了橡胶垫隔震模型结构振动台试验的试验计划，并给出了8度多个地震波作用下的试验结果。经分析表明，模型结构在8 度El-Centro波罕遇地震作用下，位移和加速度反应都很大。橡胶垫在垂直方向的刚度已经进入到非线性阶段，橡胶垫存在承载力失效的危险，且模型竖向颠动和水平晃动现象都很严重，被迫停止试验，说明隔震结构在高烈度地震作用下是存在倾覆危险的。

本文主要对有、无抗倾覆装置的大高宽比橡胶垫隔震结构的振动台试验结果进行了定量地对比分析，以检验抗倾覆装置的试验效果。分析结果表明，该装置能够有效地降低结构的拉伸位移，减小了橡胶垫的内部拉应力，在很大程度上降低了结构倾覆的可能性。但是同时也增大了橡胶垫的内部压应力，说明倾覆装置还有不完善的地方，有待进一步研究完善。

Nowadays, rubber isolation is the most mature control technology in practical application, and it is widely used by short rigid buildings. Whereas, many high isolation buildings were built around the world in recently years, which do not follow the existing criterions and codes. Many researchers began to research the special problems caused by larger height-width ratio isolation structures. As part of the research, whether high height-width ratio structures with rubber bearing will result in overturning effect is firstly studied in this paper. Considering the main factors, such as the height-width ratio of structures, type of site, the designed basic acceleration of ground motion and the decouple factor in horizon, we defined computing experiment with the Uniform Design Method, which is also known as designing isolation structure. After then, we calculated the forces of the bearing under edge of structures based on the position of the rubber bearing. The result indicates that the rubber bearings will lose its functionality under very high tension and compressing force of earthquake motion in horizon and vertical, when the height-width ratio is over a certain value. Thus, based on the calculation result of isolation structures defined in the uniform design method, we conducted regression analysis, and also got the rubber edge force regression formula, which had higher correlation and smaller standard deviation. We can use this formula to have a rough calculation whether the pull force occurs at the edge of the building. By the edge bearings of isolation structure minimum force formula, we can deduct the height-width ratio limited value of the isolation structure when rubber bearing has minimum force of zero.

本文主要针对大高宽比橡胶垫隔震结构在高烈度区可能存在倾覆危险的问题，设计了一种水平接近无刚度、竖向有耗能能力的抗倾覆装置。并安装在相似比为5、高宽比为3.1的橡胶垫隔震模型结构中。对该隔震系统进行了振动台试验，试验结果表明，该装置能够有效降低结构的拉伸位移，显著地降低了结构倾覆的可能性。

橡胶垫隔震技术是实际工程中应用较为成熟的减震技术。但橡胶垫隔震结构在遭遇大的罕遇地震时，由于隔震层的位移过大，将引起隔震层的破坏。在加入常规被动阻尼器后，隔震层位移得到减小，但上部结构层间位移和加速度将要放大，即使是在中震和小震时。这个过大的绝对加速度将使结构内部的物品遭到破坏。为了解决隔震技术的这个问题，本文将磁流变（MR）阻尼器与普通橡胶隔震支座相结合，采用高阶单步算法和两种控制策略对结构进行振动控制。振动台试验结果表明，该组合智能隔震系统相对一般被动隔震装置，能同时减小了上部结构加速度和隔震层位移。

In this article, we will first discuss the optimal instantaneous high order single step algorithm in the active control. The n+1 time step controlling force vector of the instantaneous optimal algorithm is derived from way of n time state vector. Based on this, we bring up an estimating algorithm, which is used to solve problem of the active control with time delay compensation. The estimating algorithm based on this high order single step β method (HSM) foundation, by simulation and experiment analysis, it is proven to be a valid solution to solve problem of active control with time delay compensation.