The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(propylene) (PP) and poly(propylene)/organic-montmorillonite (PP/Mont) nanocomposite were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with various cooling rates. The Avrami analysis modified by previous research was used to describe the nonisothermal crystallization process of PP and PP/Mont nanocomposite very well. The values of half-time and Zc showed that the crystallization rate increased with increasing cooling rates for both PP and PP/Mont nanocomposite, but the crystallization rate of PP/Mont nanocomposite was faster than that of PP at a given cooling rate. The activation energies were estimated by the Kissinger method, and the values were 189.4 and 155.7 kJ/mol for PP and PP/Mont nanocomposite, respectively. PP/Mont nanocomposite could be easily fabricated as original PP, although the addition of organomontmorillonite might accelerate the overall nonisothermal crystallization process.

The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polyoxymethylene (POM), polyoxymethylene/Na–montmorillonite (POM/Na–MMT), and polyoxymethylene/organic–montmorillonite (POM/organ–MMT) nanocomposites were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry at various cooling rates. The Avrami analysis modified by Jeziorny and a method developed by Mo were employed to describe the nonisothermal crystallization process of POM/Na–MMT and POM/organ–MMT nanocomposites. The difference in the values of the exponent n between POMand POM/montmorillonite nanocomposites suggests that the nonisothermal crystallization of POM/Na–MMT and POM/organ–MMT nanocomposites corresponds to a tridimensional growth with heterogeneous nucleation. The values of half-time and the parameter Zc, which characterizes the kinetics of nonisothermal crystallization, show that the crystallization rate of either POM/Na–MMT or POM/organ–MMT nanocomposite is faster than that of virgin POM at a given cooling rate. The activation energies were evaluated by the Kissinger method and were 387.0, 330.3, and 328.6 kJ/mol for the nonisothermal crystallization of POM, POM/Na–MMT nanocomposite, and POM/organ–MMT nanocomposite, respectively. POM/montmorillonite nanocomposite can be as easily fabricated as the original polyoxymethylene, considering that the addition of montmorillonite, either Na–montmorillonite or organ–montmorillonite, may accelerate the overall nonisothermal crystallization process.

本文对个体消费者的消费行为进行了尝试性的探讨，通过分析建立了微观消费函数的数学模型。此模型对我国的经济有一定的指导意义，并指出要优化微观消费行为，促进经济增长。

个体行为受到很多因素的因素，在本论文中主要考虑个体自身约束力、社会及政府的作用、个体的欲望需求动力等因素对个体行为的作用，利用数学的方法建立了个体行为的微分方程以上的分析，并通过对微分方程的求解和分析，探讨了这3个因素对个体的行为的影响。作者认为政府的作用对个体的行为稳定性具有重要的意义。

本文介绍了分形理论及分形维数的概念，用分形理论研究了高聚物分子链结构并提出计算分子链分形维数的公式。结合聚合物熔体的剪切粘度与分子量的关系式，获得了分形维数和熔体中运动链段长度的关系，指出聚合物熔体的结构取决于分子链的分形维数。当分形维数大于1时，分子量小于临界分子量，熔体的结构是分凝型，而分形维数小于1时，分子量大于临界分子量，熔体的结构是相互贯穿型。

首先采用固相法对粘土进行有机化插层改性，制得有机粘土，再通过熔融插层法制备聚氯乙烯/有机粘土复合材料。XRD表明固相法改性粘土可以与聚氯乙烯形成纳米复合材料。利用DSC研究了纳米复合材料的玻璃化转变温度，结果显示：聚氯乙烯/有机粘土纳米复合材料的玻璃化转变温度高于纯聚氯乙烯。

采用固相法对黏土进行有机化插层改性，制备出有机黏土；通过熔融插层法制备聚丙烯/有机黏土纳米复合材料。X射线衍射分析表明，固相法改性黏土可以与聚丙烯形成纳米复合材料。利用DSC研究了纳米复合材料的结晶和熔融过程，结果表明：聚丙烯/有机黏土纳米复合材料的结晶温度提高，熔融过程、熔点及结晶度没有明显变化。力学性能测试结果表明：有机黏土含量在3%～5%范围内，纳米复合材料的力学性能最佳。

本文首先介绍了混沌理论的发展及混沌运动的特征, 随后在此基础上研究了高聚物分子链结构、构象、结晶过程及粘流行为的混沌性质, 并列举出混沌理论在高分子领域的应用。

对钠基蒙脱土进行有机化处理，XRD表明有机阳离子已同钠离子发生离子交换。熔融法制备聚氯乙烯/蒙脱土插层复合材料，用X——射线衍射研究复合材料的结构，聚氯乙烯不能插层于钠基蒙脱土，但能插层于有机蒙脱土，形成剥离型纳米复合材料。采用DSC研究了聚氯乙烯/有机蒙脱土复合材料的玻璃化转变温度。研究结果表明，聚氯乙烯/有机蒙脱土比聚氯乙烯/钠基蒙脱土复合材料的力学性能优异。

本文从绿色高分子的概念出发，介绍绿色高分子所研究的内容，包括二个方面：一是高分子的绿色合成；二是绿色高分子的材料的制备及应用。最后指出目前绿色高分子研究所存在的不足以及今后发展方向。