张寅平
室内空气品质、传热传质和相变贮能领域的研究工作,在室内有机挥发物(VOC)散发和控制,相变贮能材料研制、性能和应用
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- 姓名:张寅平
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能源科学技术
- 研究兴趣:室内空气品质、传热传质和相变贮能领域的研究工作,在室内有机挥发物(VOC)散发和控制,相变贮能材料研制、性能和应用
张寅平,男,1962年生于江苏南京,1980-1991在中国科技大学学习,获工程热物理专业博士学位。现为清华大学建筑环境与设备工程研究所教授、所长。1994-今先后赴国德国斯图加特大学核能和热系统研究所、日本东京大学机械工程系、丹麦技术大学国际室内环境和能源中心做访问研究。曾任中国科技大学热科学和能源工程系副主任(1992.3-1997.5)。
长期从事室内空气品质、传热传质和相变贮能领域的研究工作,在室内有机挥发物(VOC)散发和控制,相变贮能材料研制、性能和应用研究方面,取得了系列创新成果。主持了国家科技支撑计划“十一五”重大课题、 国家自然科学基金重点课题和863课题等10余项国家级/省部级课题;参与编制国家和省部级太阳能热水器性能测试和室内空气质量相关标准,撰写学术专著或编著《建筑环境传质学》、《相变贮能-原理和应用》等7本;在Atmospheric Environment, Inter. J. of Heat & Mass Transfer,Applied Catalysis B-Environmental, Indoor Air等国际重要学术期刊上发表论文70余篇,论文被SCI收录70余篇,被EI收录110余篇;获专利20余项,其中发明专利7项。
社会兼职:国际室内空气科学院会士(Fellow), 丹麦技术大学Otto Monsted 访问教授(2007/2008);中国环境学会室内环境与健康分会常务副理事长兼秘书长,中国建筑物理学会理事,绿色建筑材料国家重点实验室客座教授;清华大学公共安全中心学术委员会委员。此外,担任了Inter. J. of Transport Phenomena、Chinese Science Bulletin、《太阳能学报》、《太阳能》和《建筑节能》编委。
曾获国家杰出青年基金、教育部自然科学二等奖、教育部优秀青年教师基金、教育部霍英东优秀青年教师奖、清华大学学术新人奖和中国科技大学学术新人奖。
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张寅平, Xinke Wang a, Yinping Zhang b, *, Jianyin Xiong b
Atmospheric Environment 42(2008)7768-7774,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
A correlation between partition coefficients, K, of dry building material and liquid molarvolume of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in it, v1, is presented. Experiment fordetermining the partition coefficients of the target VOCs including benzene, toluene,ethylbenzene for two kinds of building materials was conducted by a method developedby us. The experimental data verified the correlation. Also the correlation was supportedwell by the experimental data in the literature. It is found that the correlation can predictthe partition coefficients of VOCs with similar structure in the same building material
Partition coefficient VOCs Indoor air quality Building materials Correlation
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张寅平, Jianyin Xiong a, Yinping Zhang a, Xinke Wang a, Dongwu Chang b
Atmospheric Environment 42(2008)5278-5290,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Through the observation of the pore structure and mercury intruding porosimetry (MIP) experiments of some typicalporous building materials, we found that the diffusion coefficient of the material can be expressed by that of arepresentative elementary volume (REV) in which the pore structure can be simplified as a connection in series of macroand meso pores. Based upon that, a macro-meso two-scale model for predicting the diffusion coefficient of porous buildingmaterials is proposed. In contrast to the traditional porous mass transfer model for determining the diffusion coefficientdescribed in the literature [Blondeau, P., Tiffonnet, A.L., Damian, A., Amiri, O., Molina, J.L., 2003. Assessment ofcontaminant diffusivities in building materials from porosimetry tests. Indoor Air 13, 302-310; Seo, J., Kato, S., Ataka, Y.,Zhu, Q., 2005. Evaluation of effective diffusion coefficient in various building materials and absorbents by mercuryintrusion porosimetry. In Proceedings of the Indoor Air, Beijing, China, pp. 1854-1859, the proposed model relates thevolatile organic compound (VOC) diffusion coefficient of building material not only to the porosity of the buildingmaterial, but also to the pore size distribution and pore connection modes. To verify the model, a series of experiments ofVOC emissions of three types of medium-density board were conducted. The comparison of the model and experimentalresults shows that the proposed model agrees much better with the experimental results than the traditional models in theliterature. More validation for other building materials is needed. The proposed model is useful for predicting the VOCdiffusion coefficient of porous building materials and for developing low VOC emission building materials.
Indoor air quality (, IAQ), , Volatile organic compounds (, VOCs), , Porous media, Diffusion coefficient, Mass transfer
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【期刊论文】Characteristics of Photocatalytic Oxidation of Toluene, Benzene, and Their Mixture
张寅平, Yin-ping Zhang, Rui Yang, Qiu-jian Xu, and Jin-han Mo
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The investigation of the photocatalytic oxidation (PCO)of multicomponent volatile organic compounds (VOCs)is very important to the application of PCO technology,because there is seldom a single VOC component in indoorair. In this paper, the characteristics of binary indoorVOCs, toluene and benzene, were experimentally studiedusing a mass transfer based method that we developed.The concentration ranges for toluene and benzene were 4.48-27.4mg/m3 and 1.82-4.08mg/m3, respectively. Wefound the following: (1) the PCO of each individual contaminantstudied obeys the unimolecular form of theLangmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) rate form; (2) the PCO ofthe binary contaminants follow the competitive adsorptionL-H rate form; (3) the reaction-coefficient for PCO ofindividual contaminants differs from that in the competitiveadsorption L-H rate form; and (4) the componentimpact factor of A to B, put forward in this paper, is auseful parameter describing the influence of A on thereaction coefficient of B, and it was found that the impactfactor of toluene (a chemically active component) onbenzene (a chemically stable component) is high, and theimpact factor of benzene on toluene is low.
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【期刊论文】Influence of temperature on formaldehyde emission parameters of dry building materials
张寅平, Yinping Zhang, Xiaoxi Luo, Xinke Wang, Ke Qian, Rongyi Zhao
Atmospheric Environment 41(2007)3203-3216,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The diffusion coefficient, D, partition coefficient, K, and the initial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in dry buildingmaterials, are the three key parameters used to predict the VOC emissions. D and K may be strongly affected bytemperature. We have developed a new and simple method, the C-history method, to measure the diffusion coefficient, Dand the partition coefficient, K of formaldehyde in dry building materials at temperatures of 18, 30, 40 and 50℃. Themeasured variations of the diffusion coefficients and the partition coefficients with temperature for particle board, vinylfloor, medium-and high-density board are presented. A formula relating the partition coefficient and related factors isobtained through analysis. This formula can predict the partition coefficient in principle and provide an insight for fittingexperimental data, and it agrees well with the experimental results.
Volatile organic compounds, Indoor air quality, Diffusion coefficient, Partition coefficient
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【期刊论文】Dimensionless correlations to predict VOC emissions from dry building materials
张寅平, Ke Qian a, Yinping Zhang a, *, John C. Littleb, Xinke Wang a
Atmospheric Environment 41(2007)352-359,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Based on the most recently published mass transfer model of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from drybuilding materials, it is found that the dimensionless emission rate and total emission quantity are functions of just fourdimensionless parameters, the ratio of mass transfer Biot number to partition coefficient (Bim/K), the mass transfer Fouriernumber (Fom), the dimensionless air exchange rate (Nd2/Dm) and the ratio of building material volume to chamber orroom volume (Ad/V). Through numerical analysis and data fitting, a group of dimensionless correlations for estimating theemission rate from dry building materials is obtained. The predictions of the correlations are validated against thepredictions made by the mass transfer model. Using the correlations, the VOC emission rate from dry building materialscan be conveniently calculated without having to solve the complicated mass transfer equations. Thus it is very simple toestimate VOC emissions for a given condition. The predictions of the correlations agree well with experimental data in theliterature except in the initial few hours. Furthermore, based on the correlations, a relationship between the emission ratesof a material in two different situations is deduced. With this relationship, the results for a given building material in a testchamber can be scaled to those under real conditions, if the dimensionless parameters are within the appropriate region forthe correlations. The relationship also explicitly explains the impacts of air velocity, load ratio, and air exchange rate onthe VOC emission rate, which determines the feasibility of assuming that the VOC emission rates in real conditions are thesame as those in the test chambers.
Volatile organic compounds (, VOCs), , Emission, Dry building material, Dimensionless correlations
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【期刊论文】Novel insight into VOC removal performance of photocatalytic oxidation reactors
张寅平, J.Mo, Y.Zhang, R.Yang
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
A general model has been developed for analyzing the removal ofvolatile organic compounds (VOCs) by photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) reactors, taking into consideration of the photocatalytic (surface) reaction and the convectivemass transfer coefficients including allowance for their spatial dependence. On this basis, a novel insight into VOC removal performance of PCOreactors is presented. The key parameter for evaluating PCO reactor VOCremoval performance is the number of the mass transfer unit (NTUm), which isshown to be a simple linear product of three dimensionless parameters: the ratioof the reaction area to the cross-sectional area of the flow channel (A*), theStanton number of mass transfer (Stm), and the reaction effectiveness (η). The A*represents the geometric and structural characteristic of a PCO reactor. The Stmshows the synergistic degree of alignment between the fluid and mass flow fields,and reflects the convective mass transfer rate of the reactor. The η, describes therelative intensity between the PCO reaction rate and the mass transfer rate. Byusing the relationship and the parameters, the influence of various factors on theVOC removal performance, the bottleneck for improving the performance anddesign of a PCO reactor can be determined. Three examples are used to illustratethe application of our proposed model. It is found that the VOC removalbottleneck is the reaction rate for honeycomb type reactor, while mass transferrate for light-in-tube type reactor. With six fins the fractional conversion of alight-in-tube reactor increases about 70% relative to the one without any fins.
Photocatalytic oxidation reactor, Volatile organic compounds, Indoor air quality, Convective mass transfer, Field synergy.,
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【期刊论文】An improved mass transfer based model for analyzing VOC emissions from buildingmaterials
张寅平, YingXu, YinpingZhang *
Atmospheric Environment 37(2003)2497-2505,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
An improved generally applicable model for calculating the surface emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)from buildingmaterials and the VOC instantaneous distributions in materials is developed. Differingfrom the masstransfer based models in the literature, it does not neglect the mass transfer resistance through the air phase boundarylayer. The results of usingthe presented model are validated with the experiments in the literature. By normalizing themodel, factors of influencingthe surface emissions of VOCs from buildingmaterial are clarified and the influences arequantitatively analyzed. It is found that the dimensionless emission rate of VOCs is just a function of Bim (the Biotnumber for mass transfer)/K (the partition coefficient) and Fom (the Fourier number for mass transfer), whichsummarizes the general surface emission characteristics of VOCs from building materials and provides the basis forfittingexperimental data to formulate empirical correlations of VOC emissions. Based upon the model and the analysis, the applicable condition of the famous Little model is presented.
Mass transfer based model, Emission of volatile organic compounds, Mass diffusion, Building material
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【期刊论文】Thermal storage and nonlinear heat-transfer characteristics of PCM wallboard
张寅平, Yinping Zhang *, Kunping Lin, Yi Jiang, Guobing Zhou
Energy and Buildings 40(2008)1771-1779,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
For the materials with constant thermophysical properties, the thermal performance of wallboards (orfloor, ceiling) can be described by decrement factor fand time lagw. However, the phase change material(PCM) may charge large heat during the melting process and discharge large heat during the freezingprocess, which takes place at some certain temperature or a narrow temperature range. The behaviordeviates a lot from the material with constant thermal physical properties. Therefore, it is not reasonableto analyze the thermal performance of PCM wallboard by using the decrement factor f and time lag w.How to simply and effectively analyze the thermal performance of a PCM wallboard is an importantproblem. In order to analyze and evaluate the energy-efficient effects of the PCM wallboard and floor, twonew parameters, i.e., modifying factor of the inner surface heat flux 'a' and ratio of the thermal storage 'b', are put forward. They can describe the thermal performance of PCM external and internal walls, respectively. The analysis and simulation methods are both applied to investigate the effects of differentPCM thermophysical properties (heat of fusion Hm, melting temperature Tm and thermal conductivity Don the thermal performance of PCM wallboard for the residential buildings. The results show that thePCM external wall can save more energy by increasing Hm, decreasing k and selecting proper Tm (a<1); that the PCM internal wall can save more energy by increasing Hm and selecting appropriate Tm, k. Themost energy-efficient approach of applying PCM in a solar house is to apply it in its internal wall.
Phase change material (, PCM), wallboard Nonlinear heat transfer Thermal storage Energy efficiency
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张寅平, Yinping Zhang *, Kunping Lin, Qunli Zhang, Hongfa Di
Energy and Buildings 38(2006)1164-1170,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Free-cooling is understood as a means to store outdoors coolness during the night, to supply indoors cooling during the day in summer, whilefree-heating is understood as a means to store the solar radiation during daytime, to supply indoors heating during the night in winter. In principle,free-cooling or free-heating can make the indoor air temperature in the comfortable region all the year if the thermophysical properties of buildingenvelope material are in the desired range (defined as ideal thermophysical properties in this paper). Those properties are obviously related to theoutdoor climate condition, internal heat source intensity, building configuration, ventilation mode etc. For a given region and a given building, thecritical values of those ideal thermal physical properties can be determined through modeling and simulation. Two parameters, Iwin and Isum, aredefined to describe the overcool degree in winter and the overheat degree in summer, respectively. To illustrate, the critical values ofthermophysical properties of building envelope of a building located in Beijing are obtained through modeling and simulation. The simulatedresults are validated with experiments. The model, the methodology and the results are helpful for selection of suitable building envelope materialsand for design of energy efficient buildings.
Energy efficient building, Free-cooling, Free-heating, Building envelope, Thermophysical properties
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【期刊论文】Application of latent heat thermal energy storage in buildings: State-of-the-art and outlook
张寅平, Yinping Zhang, Guobing Zhou, Kunping Lin, Qunli Zhang, Hongfa Di
Building and Environment 42(2007)2197-2209,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) is becoming more and more attractive for space heating and cooling of buildings. Theapplication of LHTES in buildings has the following advantages: (1) the ability to narrow the gap between the peak and off-peak loads ofelectricity demand; (2) the ability to save operative fees by shifting the electrical consumption from peak periods to off-peak periods sincethe cost of electricity at night is 1/3-1/5 of that during the day; (3) the ability to utilize solar energy continuously, storing solar energyduring the day, and releasing it at night, particularly for space heating in winter by reducing diurnal temperature fluctuation thusimproving the degree of thermal comfort; (4) the ability to store the natural cooling by ventilation at night in summer and to release it todecrease the room temperature during the day, thus reducing the cooling load of air conditioning. This paper investigates previous workon thermal energy storage by incorporating phase change materials (PCMs) in the building envelope. The basic principle, candidatePCMs and their thermophysical properties, incorporation methods, thermal analyses of the use of PCMs in walls, floor, ceiling andwindow etc. and heat transfer enhancement are discussed. We show that with suitable PCMs and a suitable incorporation method withbuilding material, LHTES can be economically efficient for heating and cooling buildings. However, several problems need to be tackledbefore LHTES can reliably and practically be applied. We conclude with some suggestions for future work.
Latent heat, Thermal energy storage, Building envelope, Heat transfer
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