陈西庆
个性化签名
- 姓名:陈西庆
- 目前身份:
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
- 职称:-
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学科领域:
自然地理学(包括化学地理学、生态地理学、地貌学、冰)
- 研究兴趣:
陈西庆,男,1957年7月生,1982年07月毕业于南京大学地理系本科,1987年南京大学大地海洋科学系获理学博士学位,1988-1990年在从事博士后研究,该博士后成果于1990年获中国地理学会《地理学报》首届唯一优秀青年学者论文奖,1990年其在华东师范大学河口海岸研究所从事科研与教学工作(讲师、副教授),1993年被选拔为上海市高校优先青年教师,1994年在华东师范大学首次公开竞聘中破格晋升教授职务,1998年至今受聘为华师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室博士导师。1992年以来,应邀赴荷兰国家海洋研究所、美国路易斯安娜州立大学、英国Durham大学等多所著名大学与研究机构访问学者与合作研究;2004-2005年通过水利部长江水利委员会国内外公开招聘,任长江科学院水资源综合利用研究所所长;2006-2008年受聘为河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室首席专家(国内外公开招聘)。
陈西庆教授首次论证了本世纪以来长江河口海平面的上升趋势与速率;发现与研究了20世纪80年代以来长江枯季入海流量的阵发性、大幅度下降及其主要原因与过程;发现与解释了20世纪70年代以来长江输入河口底沙的粗化趋势,提出20世纪80年代以来河道巨量采沙是导致长江中下游减沙的主要原因之一。
陈西庆教授曾主持与参加国家自然科学基金、教育部科技项目上海市科学发展研究重大项目等20多项,在国内外著名杂志发表论文50余篇,其中许多论文已被SCI、EI、SSCI、CSA、CSSCI、人大复印资料、2001年政府间气候变化委员会(IPCC)等检索、收录、引用和转载。
围绕长江流域与长江口重大问题,陈西庆1999年向国家提出“关于研究与控制长江枯季流量下降趋势的建议”;2006年向国家提出“关于进一步保护长江中下游-河口床沙资源的建议”;2007年向国家提出“关于加速推进长江上游大型水库综合管理的建议”。这三项建议均由中国科学技术协会《科技工作者建议》单行本刊印呈报党中央、国务院作为决策参考,已在国家有关部委采纳应用。长江口水文水资源变化的基础研究,2006年9月初提交上海市水务局关于“应对长江口盐水入侵”的中长期水文预报与建议,这一预报已被实际情况所验证,为上海市应对河口盐水入侵,保障城市供水赢得了时间,受到了上海市水务局的高度评价。
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陈西庆
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Sediment loads from the Yangtze River into the sea experienced a major increase in the late Holocene when sand beaches along the deltaic coast changed into tidal-flats. Sediment transport averaged about 472 million tons a year between the 1950s and the mid-1980s and decreased by 124 million tons a year after the mid-1980s, followed by a dramatic drop since the closure of the Three Gorge Dam (TGD). This paper discusses the major processes for the decline of sediment discharge since the 1950s and discusses the method for evaluating its future development over the Post-TGD Period. Sediment loads in the Post-TGD Period will be mainly determined by the major processes that may significantly contribute to the following three components, i.e. (1) the sediment input from the upper basin into the Three-Gorge Reservoir (TGR); (2) the ratio of sediment export from the TGR relative to the input and (3) the amount of sediment recovery downstream the TGD restrained by available sediment sources. An integrated evaluation shows that the annual sediment loads over the Post-TGD Period will possibly vary from 1.12 to 1.32 million tons a year or less in ordinary years.
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陈西庆, 陈西庆 严以新 童朝锋 宋志尧 窦希萍 李键庸
自然科学进展2007年2月第17卷第2期,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
依据长期系统观测资料,研究了长江进入河口段床沙粒径的变化、原因及其未来发展趋势.研究揭示出大通断面1月份床沙粒径d<0.100mm的百分含量较7月份多,而0.100mm≤d<2.00mm之间的含量较7月份少.床沙与悬沙之间交换是导致这一季节变化的主要原因.1976年以来,长江进入河口段的床沙粒径(d50)显示出显著的粗化趋势,与同期长江入海悬沙量下降密切相关.入海悬沙量下降增大本河段侵蚀能力、减少淤积量和促进粗细床沙交换.1976年以来最大床沙粒径没有出现相同的变化趋势,且变化幅度显著变小,这一现象与葛州坝有密切关系.未来人类活动对河流系统的影响将使长江输入河口段的床沙继续向粗化的方向发展.
床沙, 泥沙粒径, 三峡大坝, 人类活动影响, 长江河口
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陈西庆, CHEN XIQING, ZHOU QIAOJU, & ZHANG ERFENG
Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Vol. 49, No. 2, 309-320, March 2006,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Sand extraction from the mid-lower Yangtze has increased rapidly since the 1980s, in contrast to a rapid decrease in sediment discharge from the Yangtze River into the sea. In-channel sand extraction poses great risks to flood protection, navigation channels and railway bridges. This paper reviews the recent history of in-channel sand extraction, discussing the present status and potential problems in legislation and management. It is concluded that the share of interests, the involvement of local criminal gangs and official corruption were the main difficulties for the ban on illegal sand extraction. It is proposed that the sites and amounts permitted for in-channel sand extraction should be re-evaluated under the new sediment budget after closure of the Three-Gorges Dam. It is necessary to explore the use of alternative materials in order to reduce the demand for natural sand while meeting the market needs for socio-economic development.
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陈西庆, 陈进
长江流域资源与环境2005年3月第14卷第2期/Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin Mar. 2005, Vol. 14, No. 2,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
回顾总结了我国近来在水资源本国方面的理论研究和工作进展,论述了我国水资源配置的特点及其与联合国倡导的水资源综合管理的相互关系,阐述了长江流域水资源综合管理在我国的重要地位。提出我国开展的水资源配置在重视公众参与基础上,与水资源综合管理是一致的。长江流域水资源综合管理是一个多学科的研究课题。流域层面的水资源综合管理是国家层面和行业层面水资源配置的基础。长江水资源综合管理应该遵循水文系统优先的原则,使水资源利用和管理在流域层面上道达到优化状态。环境用水需求是一个很需要课题,它是流域层面水资源配置的基础,急待开展 量的研究。在流域系统优先原则下,各行政区与水用户参与者在讨论和协商的基础上,确定共同的准则、目标和具体措施,在不损害它方利益的前提下都能取得自己的利益。具体细化新《水法》中提出的流域管理与行政管理相结合的原则是开展长江资源综合管理的关健。《长江法》的制定与应该为水资源综合管理提供具体的法律依据。流域与地方水利机构的体制改革是十分重要的,它应该为开展水资源综合管理创造条件。在我国国情条件下,水资源综合管理中的用户参与应该如何开展,需要研究和实践。
水资源配置, 水资源综合管理, 长江流域, 水法, 长江法
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陈西庆, Chen Xiqing, Zhang Erfeng, Mu Hongqiaiig, and Y. Zong
Journal of Coastal Research, Vol. 21, No. 3, 2005,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
XIQING, C.; ERFENG, Z.; HONGQIANG, M., and ZONG, Y., 2005. A preliminary analysis of human impacts on sediment discharges from the Yangtze, China, into the sea. Journal of Coastal Research, 21 (3), 515-621. West Palm Beach (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Sediment discharge from the Yangtze into the sea has decreased rapidly from 481.7 x 106 tons/y (1953-76) to 389.5
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陈西庆, Xiqing CHEN
Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on River Sedimentation October 18-21, 2004, Yichang, China,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Sand-extraction activities in the middle-lower Yangtze river began in the early 1950s. In addition to an extensive impact on riverbank stability, transportation and engineering facilities, the excessive sand-extraction from the main the Yangtze river since the late 1980s also greatly influenced the sediment discharge from the Yangtze river into the sea. The bed-load material annually extracted from the main Yangtze riverbed is estimated from 40 million t a year in the early 1980s to 80 million t a year in the late 1990s. Studies show that the recorded decrease in sediment supply output from the upper Yangtze river since the late 1970s can only accounts for about 50% of the total decrease in sediment discharge into the sea. The rest 50% is attributed to the reduced sediment supply from tributaries as a result of damming and to the increased sand extraction from the middle-lower Yangtzeriver.
Sand-extraction,, Yangtze River,, Sediment discharge,, Human impacts,, Fluvial systems
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陈西庆, 陈西庆 张二凤 李道季 陈吉余
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
枯季入海流量的长期变化是流域生态系统健康状况的综合指标之一。依据近百年来的长江水文记录,本文分析与探讨了长江枯季流量的变化过程与趋势,提出由于人类活动的影响,长江中下游枯季流量已开始出现阵发性、大幅度的下降。在此基础上,大通至河口段之间大量抽引水工程的运作又导致了长江入海流量的大幅度下降。近20多年来长江口盐水入侵的频率和强度不断增大,是对长江枯季入海流量变化的响应。全球气候变化、流域生态保护,特别是流域水利工程的运作与调控将影响未来长江枯季入海流量的变化趋势。
长江, 枯季水资源, 入海流量, 年最低流量, 南水北调
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陈西庆, CHEN XIQING, ZHANG ERFENG XU JIANGANG
Hydrological Sciences-Journal-des Sciences Hydrologiques, 47 (1) February 2002,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
A diagnostic study on the large and episodic decrease of discharge from the Yangtze River to the sea is presented. No trend has been detected so far in the time series of river flow recorded at Datong, but a large and short-term drop is evident through analysing the yearly minimum discharges. Water abstractions in the middle reach are evidently responsible for the large and episodic drop recorded at Datong. Downstream of Datong the discharge further decreases due to water abstraction by sluices and pumping stations, with a capacity comparable to the average discharge from Datong in dry months. Such large-scale water diversions may greatly reduce the water discharge into the sea during droughts, if countermeasures are not prepared. An increasing seasonal variability will exacerbate the existing water and environmental problems in the Yangtze Delta and estuary. An integrated management system is necessary for sustaining sufficient freshwater discharge into the sea.
Yangtze River, river runoff, water diversions, streamflow droughts, trend detection, flow regimes
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陈西庆, Xiqing Chen, Yongqiang Zong, Erfeng Zhang, Jiangang Xu, Shijie Li
X. chen et al. Geomorphology 41 (2001) 111-123,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The annual mean discharge from the upper Changjiang (Yangtze) basin has shown a significant decreasing trend since the end of the 19th century. Since the 1970s, the monthly mean discharge to the sea has also shown a dramatic decrease during dry seasons. This paper examines the human impacts on the major hydrological processes in the Changjiang River basin, with a special focus on their influence on the discharge from the drainage basin to the sea during the dry season. Climatic warming has been obvious since the 1960s in the headwater area, resulting a continuous retreat of glaciers, while the increased evaporation is responsible for the dropping of lake water levels and decrease in water area. Such a trend continuing into the coming decades will significantly change the seasonal hydrological processes, especially the dry-season discharges from the upper basin. The decreasing vegetation cover and the increasing reservoir volume capacity also impacted on the water discharge over the past decades, although in different ways. The possible impacts of the Three Gorges Dam on the monthly variation of water discharge to the sea are discussed with special emphasis. In the middle basin discussions are focused on the effect of decreasing lake area, of increasing reservoir capacity, and of irrigated agriculture on the temporal changes of water discharge since the 1950s. The human impacts on water discharge from the lower basin to the sea are mostly attributed to water transfer to both tributary and neighboring drainage basins by a large number of electric pumping stations and sluices. The total water transferring capacity is more than 5000 m3/s along the lower river. Studies indicate that in a dry season the water discharge to the sea is greatly reduced and results in strong saltwater intrusion in the estuary. ©2001 Elsevier Science B. V. All rights reserved.
The Changjiang River, Three Gorges, River discharge, Fluvial processes, Interbasin water transfer
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