杨洪强
“果树生理”和“果品安全生产”
个性化签名
- 姓名:杨洪强
- 目前身份:
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- 学位:
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
- 职称:-
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学科领域:
园艺学
- 研究兴趣:“果树生理”和“果品安全生产”
杨洪强,男,1965年12月生,山东泗水人,博士。现任山东农业大学园艺学院教授、博士生导师、果树研究所所长。
1989年毕业于山东农业大学,1996年获山东省第四届青年科技奖,1999年博士毕业于中国农业大学,同年9月进山东农业大学园艺学博士后流动站,2001被遴选为山东省中青年学术骨干、学科带头人培养对象,2002年开始招收博士研究生,2003~2004年赴韩国合作研究,2004年获第九届中国农学会青年科技奖,2005被评为山东省优秀青年知识分子标兵、记二等功一次。
研究方向为“果树生理”和“果品安全生产”。明确了多胺与苹果根系生长发育的关系,发现生长素可以通过蛋白磷酸化激活根系钙离子泵,提出了调节根系钙吸收的新策略,揭示了线粒体在苹果细胞程序性死亡中的作用;最早提出“蛋白磷酸化参与水分胁迫下脱落酸生物合成的触发”,发现断根和剪枝能够提高苹果水分利用效率,提出了“减少根系冗余,充分利用少数根”、“隔行交替灌溉”等提高果树水分利用效率的措施,系统成果以《苹果根系研究》的形式已由科学出版社正式出版。较早地开展了果品安全生产的研究,并于1995年发表了无公害果品的论文,独立编著的《有机园艺》和主编的《绿色无公害果品生产全编》已由中国农业出版社出版,目前正主编《无公害农业》“十一五”国家级规划教材。
先后主持国家自然科学基金项目4项,主持或参加教育部博士点基金、韩国科学与工程基金(KOSEF项目)等项目10余个,内容涉及苹果根系发育、果树超弱发光、苹果水分与养分高效利用、植物激素与果树化控、植物逆境信号传递与诱抗剂筛选、生态农业建设、绿色无公害果品生产及有机园艺等,其中“苹果幼树土壤营养空间与根系功能研究”、“苹果幼树内源激素发生规律与生长调节剂选配”等项目获山东省科技进步二等奖、“多胺与苹果生长发育的关系”研究获省教委理论成果奖。参编《山东果树》、《苹果学》、《果树研究法》等专著5部,在“科学通报”、“Acta Horticulturea”、“中国农业科学”、“植物学报”等学术刊物上发表论文90余篇。 主讲研究生的“果树生理学”、“植物激素与果树化控”、“农业科研方法导论”,以及本科生的《果蔬无公害生产概论》、《果树研究法》、《园艺学概论》、《有机农业概论》等课程。已指导博士和硕士研究生20余人。
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杨洪强, Hong-Qiang Yang, Yu-ling Jie, Lai-Xin Liu, Wen-Yun Tang and Ming-ge Yu
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The effects of abscisic acid (ABA) on pollen germination and tube growth were studied in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). Results showed that ABA inhibited pollen germination and tube growth at higher concentrations, over 50 mM, while low ABA concentrations, 0.05~5 mM, showed lower inhibition. The percentage of pollen germination did not change, but both tube growth and the effects of ABA on tube growth were inhibited by 10 mg·L-1 cycloheximide treatment. The inhibitors of ABA biosynthesis, NDGA (nordihydroguaiaretic acid) and fluridone, inhibited pollen germination and tube growth evidently. The degree of inhibition increased gradually along with the increases in ABA concentrations from 20 to 100 mM, and the inhibitory response to tube growth was more significant. ABA (1 mM) could abate the inhibition degree of NDGA and fluridone to tube growth, but could not influence the germination. The result indicated that low ABA concentration was necessary for normal pollen growth.
Punica granatum, pollen germination, pollen tube growth, ABA, fluridone, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, cycloheximide
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杨洪强, Y. Hong-Qiang, J. Yu-Ling, Z. Lian-Zhong and C. Ming-Gang
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The uptake rate of Ca2+ and Ca2+-ATPase ultracytochemical localization were studied using Malus hupenensis Rehd seedlings and pot-cultured two-year-old apple trees (‘Starkrimson’/Malus hupenensis Rehd), after treatment with IBA. The results showed, IBA increased activity of roots and Ca2+-ATPase and rate of Ca2+ uptake. But Ca2+ uptake rates were inhibited by 2,4-DNP, the metabolic inhibitor, and the inhibition degree was higher under low Ca2+ concentrations (0 ~0.5 mmol/L) than high Ca2+ concentrations (0.5~5 mmol/L). The Km and Imax and the ratio (Imax/Km) all increased, and the inhibition degrees were higher in excised root than intact roots after roots were treated with IBA. The Imax and a (Imax/Km) increased but the Km after spraying IBA on leaves. 2,4-DNP inhibited the effects of IBA on Ca2+ absorption. Ca2+-ATPase was located on the cytoplasmic membrane and the vacuolar membrane. The activity of Ca2+-ATPase on the cytoplasmic membrane was increased significantly after treating by IBA.
Malus hupenensis,, roots,, auxin,, calcium,, uptake,, Ca2+, -ATPase,, location
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【期刊论文】The Signaling Cascades of Water Loss to Abscisic Acid Accumulation in Apple Roots
杨洪强, Y. Hong-Qiang and J. Yu-Ling, J. Wen-Suo and Z. Da-Peng
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The early-response of roots to water loss and the signal transduction of water loss to abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis were studied by polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) treatments to apple rootstock (Malus hupenensis Reld) seedlings. The results show that the ABA content, the H2O2 production rate, the lipoxygenase (LOX) activity and the protein kinase (PK) activity all increase during water loss (30% PEG treatment) in apple roots. H2O2 content reaches a peak at 30~40 min, then drops and rises again at 180 min following treatment. Increase of H2O2 is the earliest and of ABA content is the latest among these events. The absorbance of H2O2 and inhibition of LOX reduce the ABA accumulation during water loss. Both exogenous H2O2 and soybean LOX are able to increase ABA content. The Ca2+ chelater (EGTA) and the inhibitor of PK and LOX all reduce the increment of ABA after water loss. The activity of LOX and PK increases after treatment by 1 mmol/L H2O2 in intact roots and a PK inhibitor reduces the increase of LOX activity by PEG and H2O2. The PEG treatment-induced increases of H2O2 content, PK and LOX activity all decrease after EGTA pretreatment. It suggests that the Ca2+, protein phosphorylation, active oxygen species and LOX are all involved in the ABA biosynthesis induced by water loss; the change of cytosol Ca2+ and H2O2 is the earliest event and LOX may be a key enzyme in some conditions. The pathway of the signaling cascade associated with water loss and ABA may be: PEG treatment → loss of cell water → loss of cell turgor → mechanical process → Ca2+ → H2O2 → PK → LOX → ABA accumulation.
Malus hupenensis, Ca2+, , H2O2, lipoxygenase, protein kinase, root, signaling, water loss, ABA
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【期刊论文】Uptake and Transport of Calcium in Plants
杨洪强, YANG Hong-Qiang, JIE Yu-Ling
Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology 2005, 31 (3): 227-234,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Recently, research on Ca2+ transport in plants has been focused on cellular andmolecular level. But the uptake, transport and distribution are also very important for calcium to accomplish its function at whole plant level. There are many cells along the way of transport of Ca2+ from root to shoot, and Ca2+ passes either through the cytoplasm of cells linked by plasmodesmata (the symplast) or through the spaces between cells (the apoplast), which include Ca2+ uptake by root cells, Ca2+ transport from root cortex to and through the xylem, and then out of it into leaves or fruits. Ca2+ channels, Ca2+/H+ antiporter and Ca2+-ATPase play roles in the uptake and transport of Ca2+ in root cells. To be transported fromroot surface to xylem, Ca2+ needs to traverse endodermal cells and xylem parenchyma cells. Endodermal Casparian band, the main barrier for the apoplastic movement of ions into the stele, compels some Ca2+ to enter root symplast through Ca2+ channels in endodermal cells and then reach xylem parenchyma. Ca2+-ATPasemay drive Ca2+ into the stelar apoplast from xylem parenchyma. Some Ca2+ effuses from endodermal cell and then get to xylem through apoplastic pathway. Ca2+ is transported in plant xylem vessel in chelate form and the speed of water flow is the key factor Ca2+ transport via xylem in trunk. There are both apoplastic and symplastic pathways of Ca2+ transport in fruit or leaf tissue too.
calcium, root, uptake and transport, Ca2+, -ATPase, xylem
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杨洪强, 梁小娥
植物生理学通讯第37卷第3期, 2001年6月,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
蛋白质的可逆磷酸化是细胞信号识别与转导的重要环节,蛋白激酶主要催化蛋白质的磷酸化作用。植物中已发现并分离了大量蛋白激酶及其基因,它们介导了植物激素和胞外环境信号等引起的多种生理生化反应。文章着重介绍分裂原激活蛋白激酶(MAPK) 、钙依赖而钙调素不依赖的蛋白激酶(CDPK) 、受体蛋白激酶(RPK) 、核糖体蛋白激酶和转录调控蛋白激酶等多种蛋白激酶在植物逆境信号识别与转导中的作用。
蛋白激酶, 环境胁迫, 信号转导
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【期刊论文】断根和剪枝对盆栽苹果叶片光合蒸腾及 WUE 的影响
杨洪强, 接玉玲, 张连忠, 崔明刚, 罗新书
园艺学报 Acta Horticulturae Sinica 2002, 29 (3): 197-202,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
以5年生盆栽苹果(Malus domestica Borkh/ Malus hupenensis Rhed) 为试材,研究了断根和剪枝等处理对叶片净光合速率(Pn) 、蒸腾速率(Tr) 、气孔导度(Gs) 、水分利用效率(WUE) 的影响及引起WUE变化的原因。结果表明,断根明显提高了WUE,处理后第2~42 天逐渐升高。同时, 断根后Tr、Gs 明显下降,而Pn 和羧化效率(CE) 迅速恢复, 并在第7 天以后明显高于对照; 新根总数及叶片玉米素核苷(ZR)浓度则于第28 天后恢复至对照水平。剪枝使Pn、CE、Tr、Gs 及叶片ZR 浓度升高,但 WUE 只在 28d 后稍高于对照。断根结合剪枝后第2 天,Pn、CE、Tr 及Gs 下降;21d 后Pn 和CE 高于对照,而 Tr 及 Gs 与对照相近,WUE 在后期稍有升高。分析认为,断根通过降低气孔导度极显著地提高了叶片WUE,剪枝则通过提高CE 而使WUE 升高。
苹果, 断根, 剪枝, 水分利用效率, 根信号
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杨洪强 , 接玉玲
山东农业大学学报1996年12月第27卷第4期/Journal of Shandong Agricultural University Dec., 1996, Vol. 27, No. 4,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
本文综述了多胺与果树萌发、座果、果实发育、根系形成、花芽分化、果榭衰老的关系,以及多胺胁迫、多胺与激紊的关系和多胺的吸收运转特性。
多胺, 生长发育, 果树
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杨洪强, 接玉玲
园艺学报 Acta Horticulturae Sinica 2001, 28 (增刊): 603-608,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
就果树根系对地上部的调控、根源信使的确认及其对水分利用效率(WUE)的调节等方面进行了评述,并在此基础上提出了调整根系在上下层土壤中的分配比例、改善根冠平衡、实施隔行交替灌溉等提高果树WUE的技术设想。
根信号, 水分利用效率, 果树, 根系
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杨洪强, 接玉玲, 黄天栋, 束怀瑞
园艺学报 Acta Horticulturae Sinica 1996, 23(4): 329-333,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
越冬期苹果根系氨基酸总量和蛋白酶活性在12-1月保持低水平,2月份开始回升,3-4月增幅最大;冬季地膜覆盖提高了根系蛋白酶活性和氨基酸含量,初冬和初春效果最明显。氨基酸总量,细根高于粗根;蛋白酶活性,初春粗根高于细根;蛋白质含量于1月份出现高峰,3月以前粗根高于细根;覆膜对蛋白质含量影响不明显。冬春根中含多种氨基酸,但以天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、脯氨酸和精氨酸为主;越冬之后粗根中有3种氨基酸(Asp、Glu、Arg)含量增加,细根中有13种氨基酸(Asp、Glu、Thr、Ser、Gly、Ala、Val、Ile、Leu、Tyr、Phe、Lys、His)含量增加;两种根内脯氨酸含量均是冬季大于春季。
苹果, 根系, 氮代谢, 越冬期, 覆膜
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杨洪强, 贾文锁, 张大鹏
园艺学报 Acta Horticulturae Sinica 2000, 27 (2): 79-84,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
以2年生苹果砧木——平邑甜茶(Mulus henpenensis Rehd. ) 根系为试材,通过自然失水和PEG (聚乙二醇) 6000 处理,研究了失水过程中吸收根和延长根内源 ABA 和蛋白激酶活性的变化。结果表明,吸收根内源ABA 浓度及水分胁迫下ABA 积累量均高于延长根;失水过程中,延长根根系活力先升后降;蛋白激酶活性高峰在吸收根和延长根中均出现于 ABA 浓度快速增加之前,两种蛋白激酶抑制剂均抑制了水分胁迫下两类根中ABA 的积累。
苹果, 根系, 水分胁迫, ABA, 蛋白激酶
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