Zhijin County in Western Guizhou is one of the most important production areas of phosphorites in China. In order to investigate genesis of the phosphorites, their REE compositions were analyzed by using inductively coupled plasma emission mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. For comparison, phosphorites from the Lower Cambrian black rock series in Southern China, such as Zunyi in Guizhou and Zhangjiajie in Hunan Province, were also analyzed. The analytical data show that: (1) Xinhua phosphorites possess a quite high and greatly varied total rare earth elements (ΣREE), which varying between 164.23×10-6 and 1395.01×10-6 with average of 642.54×10-6, remarkable differentiation between light (LREE) and heavy rare earth elements (HREE), and the ΣLREEPΣHREE ratios varying between 5.04 and 6.52. The ΣREE and ΣLREEPΣHREE ratios of the Zunyi and Zhangjiajie phosphorites are 156.69×10-6～637.41×10-6 with average of 431.75×10-6 and 3.17～6.95 with average of 4.37 respectively; (2) All the phosphorites from Xinhua, Zunyi and Zhangjiajie show remarkable negative Ce anomalies. Besides, the Xinhua phosphorites possess lower δCe, which varying between 0.26 and 0.53 with average of 0.35, while δCe of the Zunyi and Zhangjiajie phosphorites are 0.30～0.66 with average of 0.47, suggesting that all of the phosphorites are typical marine sediments deposited mainly in ancient pericontinental seas, and the depositional position of the Xinhua phosphorite might be deeper; (3) Most phosphorites from Xinhua, Zunyi and Zhangjiajie possess unremarkable positive Eu anomaly, and only a few of samples show obvious ones. The δEu varies between 0.98 and 2.4, suggesting that hot (>200℃) and strong reductive hydrothermal fluids might have been involved in genesis of the phosphorites; (4) The Xinhua phosphorite is relatively depleted in HREE, and LaNPNdN and δYof most samples are>1 and >1.5 respectively. Besides, there exists no correlation between δY and δCe, suggesting that the phosphorite was subjected to quite strong weathering and leaching processes, and catagenesis do not greatly modify its REE compositions .

夹皮沟金矿北西向剪切带存在着长英质和镁铁质两类糜棱岩系列岩石，韧性变形中伴随的大量流体与糜棱岩之间发生了强烈的水岩反应：斜长石绢云母化和钠化，暗色矿物绿泥石化，以及大范围强烈的碳酸盐化。韧性剪切变形为一近等体积过程（fv≈1）。 随韧性剪切作用增强，两类糜棱岩系列岩石中SiO2均带出，而CO2和H2O等挥发分及Au、S等成矿元素明显富集。释放出的SiO2呈胶体态赋存在流体中，并吸附Au等成矿物质，后在脆性构造中重结晶为含金石英脉。流体包裹体研究显示成矿流体主要由大气降水组成，其温度、压力和盐度分别为245～292℃、95.4～131.7M Pa和12.88～16.33wt%NaCl。

较系统的流体包裹体观测显示：①华南黑色岩系铂多金属矿中存在两种不同体系的流体包裹体，一为具中低盐度、NaCl-H2O体系者（Ⅰ型）；二为具中高盐度、CaCl2-NaCl-H2O体系者（Ⅱ型）；其中后者为该类矿床中首次确定；②存在2个不同期次的成矿流体，其中铂多金属矿层和其下伏磷块岩中碳酸盐石英网脉的流体包裹体特征基本一致，可能代表主成矿期流体，其均一温度峰值为170℃左右，而盐度具双峰式特征，峰值分别为27%～31%和4%～6%；矿层之上碳酸盐石英脉中流体包裹体可能代表了晚期成矿流体，其均一温度多为130～170℃左右，盐度峰值在12%～14%；③在早寒武世，接受了巨厚沉积的扬子克拉通南缘加里东冒地槽中的盆地热卤水受挤压而顺层侧向迁移，从地层中汲取Ni、Mo、V和PGE等成矿元素，形成中高盐度的CaCl2-NaCl-H2O体系成矿热液，沿断裂上升并与NaCl-H2O体系海水混合，形成黑色岩系中的铂多金属矿床（点）。

Polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS) blends modified with reactive monomers, such as maleic anhydride (MAH) and styrene (St), and in situ formed PP/PS blends were prepared by melting extrusion. The crystallization and melting behavior and the dynamic mechanical properties of the PP/PS blends, including the structure of the grafted copolymer, were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and Fourier transform infrared. The results indicated that the addition of MAH hardly influenced the crystallization temperature of PP in the blends, but the addition of MAH and St increased the crystallization temperature of PP in its blends. The blends showed no remarkable variety for the melting temperature, but the shapes of the melting peaks were influenced by the addition of the reactive monomers. In addition, a significant increase in the storage and loss moduli of all the modified PP/PS blends was observed.

Modified Mg(OH)2/polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared by the addition of functionalized polypropylene (FPP); and acrylic acid (AA) and by the formation of in situ FPP. The effects of the addition of FPP and AA and the formation of in situ FPP on the mechanical properties of Mg(OH)2/PP composites were investigated. Experimental results indicated that the addition of Mg(OH)2 markedly reduced the mechanical properties of PP. The extent of reduction in notch impact strength of PP was higher than that in flexural strength and tensile strength. However, tensile modulus and flexural modulus increased with increased Mg(OH)2 content. The addition of FPP facilitated the improvement in the flexural strength and tensile strength of Mg(OH)2/PP composites. The higher the Mg(OH)2 content was, the more significant the effect of FPP was. The incorporation of AA resulted in further increased mechanical properties, in particular the flexural strength, tensile strength, and notch impact strength of Mg(OH)2/PP composites containing high levels of Mg(OH)2. It not only improved mechanical properties but also increased the flame retardance of Mg(OH)2/PP composites. Although the mechanical properties of composites modified by the formation of in situ FPP were lower than those of composites modified by only the addition of AA in the absence of diamylperoxide, the mechanical properties did not decline with increased Mg(OH)2 content. Moreover, the mechanical properties increased with increasing AA content. The addition of an oxidation resistant did not influence the mechanical properties of the modified Mg(OH)2/PP composites.

The nonisothermal crystallization and melting behavior of a poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) blend with polyamide 6 (PA6) were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicate that the crystallization parameters for PPS become modified to a greater extent than those for PA6 in the blends. The PPS and PA6 crystallize at high temperature as a result of blending. The crystallization temperatures of PPS in its blends are always higher than that of pure PPS and are independent of the melting temperature and the residence time at that temperature. The PPS crystallization peak becomes narrower and the crystallization temperature shifts to a higher temperature, suggesting a faster rate of crystallization as a result of blending with PA6. This enhancement in the nucleation of PPS could be attributed to the possible presence of interfacial interactions between the component polymers to induce heterogeneous nucleation. On the other hand, the increase in the crystallization temperature of PA6 can be attributed to the heterogeneous nucleation provided by the already crystallized PPS. The heterogeneous nucleation induced by interfacial interactions depends on the temperature at which the polymers remain in the molten state and on the storage time at this temperature.

Nano-CaCO3/polypropylene (PP) composites modified with polypropylene grafted with acrylic acid (PP-g-AA) or acrylic acid with and without dicumyl peroxide (DCP) were prepared by a twin-screw extruder. The crystallization and melting behavior of PP in the composites were investigated by DSC. The experimental results showed that the crystallization temperature of PP in the composites increased with increasing nano-CaCO3 content. Addition of PP-g-AA further increased the crystallization emperatures of PP in the composites. It is suggested that PP-g-AA could improve the nucleation effect of nano-CaCO3. However, the improvement in the nucleation effect of nano-CaCO3 would be saturated when the PP-g-AA content of 5 phf (parts per hundred based on weight of filler) was used. The increase in the crystallization temperature of PP was observed by adding AA into the composites and the rystallization temperature of the composites increased with increasing AA content. It is suggested that the AA reacted with nano-CaCO3 and the formation of Ca(AA)2 promoted the nucleation of PP. In the presence of DCP, the increment of the AA content had no significant influence on the crystallization temperature of PP in the composites.

利用ICP-MS测试方法系统分析了黔西织金新华磷矿磷块岩的稀土元素组成，同时还测定了贵州遵义和湖南张家界等华南下寒武统黑色岩系中磷块岩的稀土元素含量。结果显示：①新华磷块岩稀土元素总量（ΣREE）较高，变化较大，为164.23×10-6～1395.01×10-6，平均642.54×10-6，轻重稀土分异明显，LREE/HREE值为5.04～6.52，平均5.69，而华南其他地区磷块岩的ΣREE和LREE/HREE分别为156.69×10-6～637.41×10-6（平均431.75×10-6）和3.17～6.95 （平均4.37）；②新华磷块岩的δCe为0.26～0.53，华南其他地区磷块岩的δCe为0.30～0.66，均具明显的Ce负异常，表明它们均为典型海相沉积磷块岩，主要形成于陆缘海环境，且新华磷块岩形成的深度较深；③大多数样品具不明显的Eu正异常，少部分出现较高的Eu正异常，δEu介于0.98～2.40，显示这些磷块岩的形成过程中可能有较高温（>200℃）、强还原热液的加入；④新华磷块岩中HREE相对亏损，且多数样品LaN/NdN>1，而δY>1.5，δY与δCe之间不存在相关性，说明磷块岩遭受了较强的后期风化淋滤作用，深埋成岩作用基本未改变其REE组成。

利用惰性气体同位素质谱仪测定了华南下寒武统具代表性的黑色岩系铂多金属矿中黄铁矿流体包裹体的He-Ar同位素组成，发现其3He/4He均较低，为0.43×10-8～26.39×10-8，R/Ra为0.003～0.189，而40Ar/Ar为258～287，接近大气饱和水。同位素地球化学示踪研究显示，该矿成矿流体主要由建造水（盆地热卤水）和大气饱和水（海水）组成，基本不含地幔流体或深源岩浆水。黑色岩系铂多金属矿的成矿可能与华南克拉通南缘加里东冒地槽的演化有关。在早寒武世，接受了巨厚沉积的加里东盆地中的建造水由于上覆沉积物的压力，顺层侧向迁移，并沿断裂上升与海水混合而成矿。