通过对我国云南的动物资源、植物资源，特有属物种组成，生态系统类型，物种遗传资源等进行的分析研究，论述了云南生物多样性丰富性和特有性等组成特征，并分析了云南生物多样性的脆弱机理，探讨了云南生物多样性保护面临的威胁因素，提出了相应的保护对策。

生物多样性是人类社会赖以生存和发展的物质基础，生物多样性保护研究是生态学研究的重要课题之一。为了建立对特定地区生物多样性保护成效和资源开发项目对生物多样性影响的监测评价体系，本研究从人类社会经济系统与环境系统之间的压力—状态—响应模型出发，研建了一套生物多样性评估方法和测评指标体系。对云南省生物多样性测评结果表明：生物多样性与生态环境状况综合指标值为38

Bamboo is a giant grass that takes on tree-like functions in forest ecosystems. Around 75 genera and 1250 species of bamboo are known to exist throughout the world. Five hundred species in 40 genera are recorded in China, mostly in the monsoon areas of south and southwest China. Of these, 250 species in 29 generagrow naturally in the mountainous province of Yunnan, in the Chinese Himalayan region. Bamboo has a long history of being used for multiple purposes by various mountain communities in China. Among others, bamboo has served-and still serves-as construction material, fiber, food, material for agricultural tools, utensils, and music instruments, as well as ornamental plants. Yunnan as a landlocked mountain province in southwest China holds a great number of species in its natural bamboo forests. This article presents the diversity of bamboo species and of their utilization in Yunnan Province, China.

Yunnan, an inland province at a low latitude and high elevation, lying between 21°09\\\–29°15\\\N and 97°32\\\–106°12\\\E in southwestern China, has a vast territory with diversified and unique nature resources. There are more than 18 000 high plant species (51.6% of China\\\s total) and 1836 vertebrate species (54.8% of China\\\s total) living in Yunnan on a land area of 394000km2, i.e., only 4.1% of China\\\s total. Among 15000 seed plants found in Yunnan there are 151 rare and endangered plant species (42.6% of China\\\s protected plants). Out of 335 China priority protected wild animals, Yunnan has 243 species, accounting for 72.5% of China\\\s total, 15% of which are species endemic to Yunnan. However, Yunnan\\\s biodiversity is faced with the menace of excessive exploitation of resources and changes in environmental conditions caused by the activities of an expanding human population. This paper discusses the background, the composition, and the structure of Yunnan\\\s biodiversity. Its biodiversity fragility and the threatened situation are also discussed. Suggestions and recommendations on the strategy and actions of Yunnan biodiversity conservation and sustainable development are proposed.