A novel technique of air-pressure jet solidification (AJS) is proposed based on osteo-structure analogous modelling and fused deposition modeling to fabricate 3D scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. The resultant 3D scaffolds could provide proper voids for the growth of bone tissue and carriers for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP).

以快速成型、三维重构和生物学技术为基础，建立了新型人工生物活性骨工程化制造系统。该系统制作的人工骨外形与被替代骨一样，内部都具有模拟真实骨组织微管系统的三维网架结构，可通过骨生长因子和活体细胞的复合，使其具有生物活性，因此弥补了传统生物填充材料由于缺乏活性而无法实现骨诱导的缺陷。动物实验的结果表明，所制造的内部仿真结构，为人工骨的快速活化和新生骨细胞的三维并行生长提供了理想的空间条件，其中骨引导和骨诱导的双重机制可有效地加速骨组织的生长，从而证明了人工骨具有良好的生物学性能。

During the past few years, the combination of medical imaging and rapid manufacturing technique has proven to be a very important development. On the other hand, the conventional method has some drawbacks. For example, it takes longer time to complete an operation and it also presents some difficulty in matching the repaired contours. With advanced software and hardware, an image of an undamaged bone similar to that of the patient can be made from computerised tomography (CT); and a physical object constructed by the mirror-processed image data can be quickly fabricated with a high degree of fitting with the patient's bone. This paper presents a methodology for the design and fabrication of an individual titanium tray for the repair of mandible defects. Methods for the tray modeling using CAD system are presented: A 3D model of the bony defect is generated after the acquisition of helical CT data. An individual tray is designed using freeform surfaces geometries and fabricated by rapid prototyping (RP) technology. The results of tray filling with bone-grafting materials are then presented. Result: the tray is inserted into the patient mandible segment. The symmetry and reconstruction quality contour of the repaired mandible was satisfactory. Thus, the patient is able to eat normally. The bone-grafting material harvested from the anterior ilium was low. The clinical experience showed that rapid prototyping and reverse engineering software are effective methods of fabricating custom trays for mandibular reconstruction after bone loss due to a tumor.

针对人工骨微管中细胞均匀粘附和营养成分顺利运输所需流速条件，研究支管与主管道之间的夹角对支管中流速的影响以及沿主管道不同位置的支管中液体速度分布，并结合自然骨微观结构以及流体力学中的能量守恒和流量守恒原理，提出一种强化微循环结构并进行三维粘性流场数值分析，将分析结果与单纯仿形结构的流场分析结果比较，结果表明，该结构流速分布更均匀，支管内流速得到很大程度的提高，有利于细胞均匀粘附和进一步提高人工骨设计孔隙率。

提出了一种制备人工生物活性骨的新方法并建立了相应的工程化制造系统。利用该系统所制作出的人工骨外形与被替代骨一致，内部具有模拟真实骨组织微管系统结构，并通过复合骨生长因子使其具有生物活性，弥补了传统生物填充材料由于缺乏活性而无法实现骨诱导的缺陷。动物试验的结果表明，所制作出的人工骨内部哈佛管与浮克曼管的仿真结构为新生骨细胞的三维并行生长提供了理想的空间条件，有效地促进了人工骨的快速活化。

针对传统方法制造人工关节骨存在个体匹配性方面的问题，研究实现了利用快速成形制造和反求工程技术制造个体化人工关节的新方法。论述了其制造原理及具体实现过程。试验结果表明，该方法与传统方法相比，可实现替换单侧关节面和对侧面的匹配，而且可缩短制造定制化关节的周期。