马昌前
火成岩岩石学和地球化学;岩浆动力学与深部过程;岩石过程的数值模拟;花岗岩地质学;土壤地球化学和环境土壤学;科学教育。
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- 姓名:马昌前
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
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学科领域:
矿物学(包括放射性矿物学)
- 研究兴趣:火成岩岩石学和地球化学;岩浆动力学与深部过程;岩石过程的数值模拟;花岗岩地质学;土壤地球化学和环境土壤学;科学教育。
马昌前,博士,岩石学教授,博士生导师,中国地质大学(武汉)科技处处长。1978.2-1982.1,武汉地质学院地球化学专业,本科毕业,获工学学士学位;1985.9-1988.7,中国地质大学(武汉)研究生院,岩石学专业研究生毕业,获理学硕士学位;1997.5-1999.3,芬兰奥博大学(?bo Akademi University)数学和自然科学学院毕业,获地质学和地球化学专业哲学博士学位。
研究兴趣:火成岩岩石学和地球化学;岩浆动力学与深部过程;岩石过程的数值模拟;花岗岩地质学;土壤地球化学和环境土壤学;科学教育。
学术兼职:《地质科技情报》编委; 《人文与管理论丛》编委;地矿部“壳幔体系组成、演化及动力学开放研究实验室”学术委员会委员;中国体视学会材料科学专业委员会委员;国际火山学和地球内部化学协会经常会员;中国国家自然科学基金委员会第八届学科评审组成员。
1995年被评为湖北省有突出贡献的中青年专家;1996 年获得地矿部科技成果二等奖(排名第一);1997年被评为湖北省中青年学科带头人;1997年获湖北省高等学校优秀教学成果三等奖(排名第一); 1999年获教育部“全国第二届教育科学优秀成果”二等奖(排名第一)。
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马昌前, Changqian Ma a, b, ), Zhichang Li c, Carl Ehlers b, Kunguang Yang a, Renjing Wang a
Lithos 45 1998. 431-456,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Three groups of Mesozoic shoshonitic or high-K calc-alkaline intrusive rocks are identified in Dabieshan high-pressure HP. and ultrahigh-pressure UHP. metamorphic zone, east-central China and they are related to: I. slab breakoff; II. magmatic underplating; and III. doming. Group-I, the slab breakoff-type, consists of late Triassic; 210 Ma. afic monzodiorites. It has moderate to high Sr, and low Rb and Ba abundances, and moderate light are earth element LREE.rheavy rare earth elementHREE.and KrRb ratios. Group-II, the underplating-type, consists mainly of middle Jurassic-early Cretaceous 60-120 Ma.hornblende quartz monzonitic, biotite monzogranitic, and syenogranitic plutons, characterized by relatively high LREErHREE and KrRb ratios, and by a large range in concentration of Sr and Ba, coupled with much smaller range in Rb. Group-III, the doming-type, is represented by Cretaceous 125-95 Ma.granitic stocks and granitic porphyry. Compared with group-II, it has high Rb, Yand HREE abundances, low Sr and Ba abundances and low LREErHREE and KrRb ratios. All groups have similar Nd and Sr isotopic compositions. Among the three groups, post-collisional granitoid magmatismgroup-II.with ages of 160 to 120 Ma, post-dating the HP and UHP metamorphism at 245 to 220 Ma, is the most abundant in the Dabieshan area. The post-collisional granitoid plutons were initially emplaced at different levels ranging from mid-crust to near-surface. This study shows that the whole-rock chemistry of the granitoids vary systematically with crystallization pressures. For example, K2O, normative Or, Rb and Zr show the strongest increase with decreasing pressure, whereas Ba, Nb, Nd, Yb, MnO, and normative An decrease upward in the Dabie Block. It is suggested that ascent of differentiated, buoyant liquids, combined with fractionation paired with assimilationAFC., is responsible for the vertical variation. Geological, geochemical and petrological data indicate that group-I could have been generated by partial melting of enriched subcontinental lithosphere mantle due to slab breakoff. Group-II rocks could have been produced mainly from crustal assimilationrmelting and fractional crystallization of mantle-derived magmas, whereas group-III magma could have derived from anatexis of the Dabie complex and was highly evolved in a hot doming setting. The late Triassic-early Jurassic slab breakoff may be responsible for the exhumation of UHP rocks through the mantle. The voluminous granitic emplacement together with an episode of rapid denudation suggests that magmatic underplating and inflation could have played a role in the Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous rapid exhumation of Dabieshan.
Post-collisional magmatism, Granitoids, Petrogenesis, Exhumation of rocks, Dabieshan, China
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马昌前, Changqian Ma a, *, Carl Ehlers b, Changhai Xu a, Zhichang Li c, Kunguang Yang a
Precambrian Research 102(2000)279-301,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The Dabieshan area between the Sino–Korean and Yangtze cratons in east-central China has become the focus of much recent attention because of the discovery of abundant coesite and rare micro-diamond inclusions in both eclogites and their enclosing country rocks. The Dabieshan metamorphic complex, previously regarded as Archean continental basement of the Yangtze craton, is mainly made up of Precambrian felsic orthogneiss, amphibolite, and migmatitic gneiss with minor eclogite, granulite, ultramafic rock and marble. Our geochemical analyses and Nd–Sr isotope data show that most Dabieshan orthogneisses are distinctly different from the nearby Kongling gneisses of the Yangtze basement, which are Archean high-Al TTG rocks with an average Nd model age of 3.390.2 Ga with volcanic arc granitic affinity. The protoliths of the Dabieshan orthogneisses are diverse, and three types of rocks are distinguished: (1) the majority of the felsic gneisses in the eclogite units display geochemical signatures of post-Archean granites and may have resulted from Neoproterozoic magmatism in a rift environment; (2) some of the felsic gneisses in the eclogite units have an affinity with Kongling gneiss, and were presumably derived from the Yangtze basement by tectonic extrusion during Mesozoic exhumation of the ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks; and (3) the felsic gneisses of the dome region show geochemical signatures of Archean granitoids and Nd model ages between 3.1 and 1.0 Ga, attributed to mixing between Neoproterozoic mantle-derived material and the Archean Kongling gneisses. Numerical modeling shows that mixing between mantle-derived melts and Kongling gneiss can account for the Nd–Sr isotopic variation of Mesozoic mafic monzodiorites in the UHP eclogite unit, implying that the Kongling complex was extended beneath the Dabieshan terrane possibly during early Mesozoic continental collision. We suggest that the dome region was originally part of the Yangtze craton, and was separated from it by Neoproterozoic rifting. The orogen was later significantly modified, especially by Jurassic-Cretaceous migmatization and magmatism.
Neodymium and strontium isotopes, Archean crust, Yangtze craton, Dabieshan, China
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【期刊论文】花岗质岩浆起源和多次岩浆混合的标志:包体-以北京周口店岩体为例
马昌前, 王人镜, 邱家骧
地质论评,1992,38(2):109~119,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
北京周口店岩株,主要由两次侵入的石英二长闪长岩和花岗闪长岩组成,其中包体广泛分布。在岩体南缘的关坻变质岩中,零星出露了一种块状的闪长质岩石。关坻闪长岩与主岩体同期侵入的岩浆结晶产物,角闪石质包体的形成是二长辉长岩浆结晶一再平衡的结果,富云包体系花岗闪长岩浆源区的耐熔残余。通过=长辉长岩与花岗闪长岩两种岩浆简单混合可形成细粒石英二长质包体,由二长辉长岩、关坻闪长岩和花岗闪长岩3种岩浆混合形成了微粒闪长质包体。主岩体的成分变异,也与岩浆混合有关。
包体, 岩浆混合作用, 周口店岩体, 北京
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【期刊论文】大别山中生代钾质岩浆作用与超高压变质地体的剥露机理
马昌前, 杨坤光, 许长海, 李志昌, Carl Ehlers
岩石学报,1999,15(1):379~394,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
在已知的超高压变质地体中,大别山是碰撞后花岗岩类侵入作用最为强烈的唯一地区。这里,中生代的钾玄岩系列和高钾钙碱性系列的侵入岩,可以依其年龄和组成特征划分为3组。第I组,主要由晚三叠世(约210Ma)二长闪长岩辉长岩体组成,它可能是在板片断离过程中富集的大陆岩石圈地幔部分熔融的产物(板片断离型);第II组,由中侏罗世-早白垩世(160~120Ma)的角闪石英二长岩、黑云母二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩组成,主要是由幔源岩浆的分离结晶与地壳混染共同作用的产物(岩浆底垫型);第III组,以白垩纪(125~95Ma)的花岗岩和花岗斑岩为代表,是在热穹窿作用过程中大别杂岩深熔作用和高度演化的产物(穹窿型)。大别山超高压变质岩通过地幔的剥露可能与晚三叠世—早侏罗世的板片断离有关,而大规模的岩浆侵位与超高压变质岩的快速剥露相伴出现说明,岩浆底垫和岩浆漂浮作用可能在大别山中侏罗世—早白垩世的快速剥露中发挥了重要作用。
碰撞后岩浆作用, 花岗岩成因, 超高压变质作用, 岩石剥露, 大别山
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【期刊论文】岩浆活动中某些动力学参数的估算方法-流体动力学原理的应用
马昌前
武汉地质学院《地质科技情报》,1986,5(3):47~54,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
本文着重介绍了应用流体动力学原理估算岩浆活动中某些动力学参数的方法,包括部分熔融体与熔融残余的分离速度、岩浆上升速度、岩浆对流速度、岩浆中捕虏体及晶体的下沉速度、岩体冷凝时间等,初步讨论了其岩石学意义,并从这一侧面,强调了岩浆流体动力学研究的重要性。
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马昌前
武汉地质学院《地质科技情报》,1987,6(2):142~150,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
粘度和密度是硅酸盐熔体的基本性质。文中概括地介绍了有关硅酸盐熔体的粘度和密度的基本意义、实测手段、影响因素以及由全岩化学成分计算熔体粘度和密度的方法;最后介绍了分异密度的概念,初步讨论了结晶分异过程中熔体密度的变化。
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马昌前
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
岩浆对流作用,是近年来方兴未艾的岩浆流体动力学研究中倍受重视的课题之一。对这个问题的理解,不仅为地球动力学研究(例如地幔对流与板块运动)和矿床学研究(例如火成岩体中铬铁矿层及块状硫化物矿床上的原因)所关注,而且可能使成因岩石学研究中某些疑难问题得到解决。
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马昌前
地质科技情报,1988,7(2):93~100,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
岩浆系统的扩散作用,是岩浆动力学的重要研究内容之一。本文在分析了硅酸盐系统扩散速率的影响因素基础上,讨论了扩散第二方程的6个解的应用:包括两岩浆体之间或岩浆和围岩之间组分扩散引起的成分变异和平衡时间;晶体及捕虏体对岩浆成分的影响;矿物在岩浆中的熔解时间;源区熔融残晶与部分熔融体之间的平衡时间;斑晶与熔体间的平衡时间,扩散控制的橄榄石环带的成因以及橄榄石捕虏晶在玄武质岩浆中的停留时间等问题。
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马昌前
地质学报,1988,(4):329~343,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
北京周口店岩株是一个二次侵入的同心带状复式岩体。第一次侵入的石英闪长岩零星分布于岩体边缘;第二次侵入的花岗闪长岩为岩株主体。宏观上具明显的岩相分带,化学成分上显示边部富高温组份(Mg,ca,sc,Ti,Mn,Fe和co等),而中央仅轻微富集某些低温组份(Na,si等)。一系列构造特征表明,岩体和热变质岩变形强度随与接触带距离的增大而减弱。该岩体为膨胀型底辟式侵位产物。根据计算的岩浆密度、粘度和屈服强度,采用合理的扩散常数以及氧同位素资料,分析了岩株主体成分分带性的形成机理。本文认为,岩体的成分分带,可能是在岩浆对流作用参与下,由索列特效应引起;计算表明,随时间推移,连续涌动的岩浆上侵速度具有逐渐加快的趋势。
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