杨新明
主要从事与听觉系统有关的形态和功能研究。
个性化签名
- 姓名:杨新明
- 目前身份:
- 担任导师情况:
- 学位:
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
- 职称:-
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学科领域:
耳鼻咽喉科学
- 研究兴趣:主要从事与听觉系统有关的形态和功能研究。
杨新明,男,1983年大学本科毕业,1986年获硕士学位,1996年获医学博士学位,从事耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科临床与基础研究22年,主要的研究项目有鼻咽癌及高发家系染色体脆性部位和畸变的研究、电离辐射对内耳和脑干听觉通路损伤及保护的临床与实验研究、听觉传出神经系统对耳蜗机械运动及听觉传入活动的调控机制,中缝背核-迷路投射逆行荧光标记研究等,喉癌下咽癌的临床研究。2000年5月至2002年11月应邀赴美国北卡罗莱纳大学和康州大学从事博士后研究。主要从事与听觉系统有关的形态和功能研究。在国内外杂志发表论文50多篇,其中SCI英文杂志论文2篇,(《Hearing Research》《Exp.Brain Research》各一篇)。负责国家自然科学基金项目1项,国家教委课题1项,湖南省科委课题资助和省卫生厅课题资助各1项,以主要研究者参与国家自然科学基金1项。作为负责人获湖南省科委科研成果奖2项、省部级医疗新技术成果奖2项、省卫生厅科技成果奖2项。 主编英文教科书1本,作为副主编和参编著作3部。指导博士生和硕士生多名。任中华医学会湖南省耳鼻咽喉科学会委员。《中国耳鼻咽喉-颅底外科杂志》编委,《中华耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科杂志》通讯编委。
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成果阅读
320
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成果数
6
【期刊论文】Smooth muscle in the annulus
杨新明, Xinming Yang a, O.W. Henson Jr. b;*
Hearing Research 164(2002)105-114,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
In a wide variety of mammals, the rim of the tympanic membrane (annulus fibrosus) has an array of contractile elements, either smooth muscle [Henson and Henson, J. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. 1 (2000) 25-32] or myofibroblasts [Kuijpers et al., Hear. Res. 128 (1999) 80-88]. These elements are anchored peripherally to the bony tympanic ring and centrally to incoming fibers of the pars tensa. Their arrangement suggests that they are involved in the control of tympanic membrane tension. In this study, cochlear microphonic (CM) threshold changes were recorded in gerbils to study the physiological effects of these contractile elements. It was demonstrated that the application of substances known to make smooth muscle contract (vanadate and norepinephrine) caused concentrationdependent elevations in CM thresholds. Maximum changes of 8-9 dB occurred with the lowest frequency tested (2.16 kHz). The application of muscle-relaxing drugs reversed these effects. Controls showed that the threshold changes were not induced by effects on middle or inner ear structures. These results add to emerging evidence that the tympanic membrane has intrinsic control of tension and is potentially able to have some control over energy levels reaching the cochlea.
Tympanic membrane, Annulus
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杨新明, D. O. Kim-X. M. Yang-Y. Ye
Exp Brain Res (2003) 153: 514-521,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Previous studies have shown that: (1) raphe neurons respond to acoustic and vestibular stimuli, some with a latency of 10-15ms; (2) alterations of the raphe nuclei alter the acoustic startle reflex; (3) the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is the major source of serotonergic neurons; and (4) approximately 57% of the DRN neurons are nonserotonergic. In the present study, cholera toxin subunit-B (CTB) was injected into cat cochleas, and the brain tissue was examined after a survival period of 5-7 days. Aside from neurons which were known to project to the inner ear, i.e., olivocochlear and vestibular efferent neurons, a surprising new finding was made that somata of a subpopulation of DRN neurons were intensely labeled with CTB. These CTB-labeled neurons were densely distributed in a dorsomedian part of the DRN with some in a surrounding area outside the DRN. The present results suggest that a novel raphe-labyrinthine projection may exist. A future study of anterograde labeling with injections of a tracer in the DRN will be needed to establish the existence of a raphe-labyrinthine projection more thoroughly. A raphe-labyrinthine descending input, together with an ascending input from the inner ear to the DRN through intervening neurons, such as the juxtaacousticofloccular raphe neurons (JAFRNs) described by Ye and Kim, may mediate a brain stem reflex whereby a salient multisensory (including auditory and vestibular) stimulus may alter the sensitivity of the inner ear. As a mammal responds to a biologically important auditoryvestibular multisensory event, the raphe projections to the inner ear and other auditory and vestibular structures may enhance the mammal, sability to localize and recognize the sound and respond properly. The raphe-labyrinthine projection may also modulate the inner ear, s sensitivity as a function of the sleep–wake arousal state of an organism on a slower time course.
Auditory., Vestibular., Efferent., Multisensory., Monoaminergic., Cat
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杨新明, 谢鼎华, Henson MM, Henson Ow Jr
中国耳鼻咽喉颅底外科杂志,2004,10(2):94~98,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
目的 为探讨丹参对庆大霉素耳毒性的减毒作用。方法 将24只沙鼠分为4组,每组6只,①生理盐水对照组。②丹参组(SA)。③庆大霉素加丹参组(GM+SA)。④庆大霉素组(GM)。所有药物均经肌肉注射,CN组和GM+SA组每天注射庆大霉素150mg/kg,共10d;GM+SA组和SA组同时注射丹参2g/kg,共10d;生理盐水组每天注射生理盐水2ml/kg,共10d。在注射前和注射后4周和8周进行CAP检测,第8周听力测定后处死动物行扫描电镜检查。结果 4周和8周GM组高频CAP阈明显上升,而GM+SA组听阈明显低,统计学处理有显著差异(P<0.01,t检验);GM组毛细胞损伤率底圈和第二圈分别为35%和30%,GM+SA组分别为9%和7%,差异非常显著(P<0.01,t检验)。结论 丹参能明显降低庆大霉素对沙鼠的耳毒性作用,且不降低血液中庆大霉素的浓度。电生理检测结果与形态学变化一致。
丹参/, 治疗应用, 聋/, 预防和控制, 庆大霉素/, 副作用, 聋/, 化学诱导
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杨新明, 宋科英, 刘强和, 贺湘波, 唐青来, 郭运凯, 谢鼎华
听力学入言语疾病杂志,2005,13(6):421~422,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
目的 探讨中缝背核(dorsal raphe nucleus, DRN)至内耳的传出神经投射通路。方法 将霍乱毒素亚单位B(cholera toxin subunit-B, CTB)注入猫的内耳,经过7天的存活期后,运用逆行荧光标记技术来观察猫脑干组织中DRN神经元的分布及形态学特征。结果 大部分DRN神经元有CTB的强阳性标记,且集中分布在DRN的背中线部分,部分分布在DRN外侧的周边区域。结论 在中缝核至内耳可能存在传出神经通路,它们可能对哺乳动物对声音的定位、识别、对声音正确的反应能力以及内耳敏感性调节有重要意义。
中缝核, 迷路, 听觉系统, 霍乱毒素亚型B(, CTB),
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杨新明, 卢永德, 谢鼎华, 陈忠①
湖南医科大学学报,1999,24(5):465~467,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
为探讨内耳辐射损伤的防治,采用丹参作为保护药物,用相同剂量的60Coγ射线照射丹参防护组和单纯放射组豚鼠耳颞部,2周后作形态与机能检查。结果发现:丹参防护组耳蜗机能与结构损害较轻,而单纯放射组耳蜗机能明显受损,血管纹和柯替氏器病变严重;复合动作电位(CAP)反应阈和毛细胞损伤率两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。表明丹参对内耳辐射损伤有保护作用。
丹参, 辐射损伤3, 放射保护3, 耳蜗, 实验研究, 豚鼠
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【期刊论文】112例T3期喉癌扩大喉部分切除和喉全切除术的疗效分析
杨新明, *谢鼎华, *贺湘波*
耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科,2000,7(1):23~26,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
目的:探讨T3期扩大喉部分切除和喉全切除术的疗效。方法:于1984年1月至1996年5月对112例T3期喉癌的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中行扩大喉部分切除术48例(单纯手术29例,手术加放疗19例);喉全切除术64例(单纯手术39例,手术加放疗法25例)。结果:喉部分切除术组和喉全切除术组3年和5年生存率分别为77.1%、66.7%和97.7%、71.1%;各组单纯手术和手术加放疗的3年和5年生存率比较,喉部分切除组分别为75.7%、65.0%和78.9%、69.2%;喉全切除组分别为81.2%、71.4%和76.0%、70.6%,各组3年和5年生存率均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:T3期喉癌只要掌握好喉部分切除术的适应证,其疗效与喉全切除术接近;术后放疗不能减少局部和颈部癌复发的危险。
喉肿瘤, 癌, 喉切除术
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