方长明
大气-植物-土壤界面过程,土壤碳氮循环及其调控机制,土壤温室气体排放;全球气候变化和土地利用变化对土壤生态系统过程的影响,不同时空尺度上土壤环境和碳氮过程对环境变化和人为干扰的响应;土壤生态模型。
个性化签名
- 姓名:方长明
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
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学科领域:
生态学
- 研究兴趣:大气-植物-土壤界面过程,土壤碳氮循环及其调控机制,土壤温室气体排放;全球气候变化和土地利用变化对土壤生态系统过程的影响,不同时空尺度上土壤环境和碳氮过程对环境变化和人为干扰的响应;土壤生态模型。
方长明
男,1955年出生,博士,教授。1977-1981年就读安徽农业大学林学系,获农学学士学位。1984年获北京林业大学森林生态硕士学位。1997年获英国Edinburgh大学生态学博士学位。1985-1994年任北京林业大学生态学助教、讲师, 1998-2001在英国Edinburgh大学从事独立博士后研究,2001-2005在英国Aberdeen大学任研究员。2005年7月任复旦大学生命科学学院教授。
主要研究方向
大气-植物-土壤界面过程,土壤碳氮循环及其调控机制,土壤温室气体排放;全球气候变化和土地利用变化对土壤生态系统过程的影响,不同时空尺度上土壤环境和碳氮过程对环境变化和人为干扰的响应;土壤生态模型。
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方长明, C. Fanga, *, P. Smitha, J.U. Smitha, J.B. Moncrieff b
Geoderma 129(2005)139-146,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Current models simulating soil organic matter (SOM) are based on the assumption of first order decomposition. The microbial component of soil organic C (SOC) is mainly simulated as a substrate. The contribution of soil microbe to decomposition as a decomposing agent is implicitly include in the rate constant k and does not change throughout the simulation. The temporal and spatial variation in SOM decomposition/dynamics may have been biased by models, and our prediction of SOM response to global change may have been overestimated, due to missing the feedback effect of microbes on SOM decomposition. We suggest a general model, which explicitly incorporates soil microbe as decomposers of SOM. Future studies in both experiment and modelling are necessary for us to understand interactions between soil microbial abundance and activity, the quality and quantity of SOM pool, and the effects of environmental conditions.
Organic matter decomposition, Soil C modelling, Microbial C, Decomposer
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【期刊论文】The dependence of soil CO2 efflux on temperature
方长明, C. Fang*, J.B. Moncrieff
Soil Biology & Biochemistry 33(2001)155-165,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Assessing the global C budget requires a better understanding of the effec of temperature on soil CO2 efflux both from experiments and developments i theory. Intact soil cores (ca. 31 cm in diameter and 45 cm in depth) were collected from a farmland and a sitka spruce site near Edinburgh, Scotland and incubated in a growth chamber with varying temperature and soil moisture contents. There was no influence of incubation time on the measured soil respiration rate found in this study and this is different from previous studies that commonly use a reconstructed soil sample. Both soils showed an exponential increase in respiration rate with temperature. No optimal temperature for soil respiration was found with soil temperatur up to 328C. The inflFuence of soil moisture content, varying between 20 an 50 vol%, on soil respiration and its response to temperature was not obvious. Most equations describing the relationship between soil respiration and temperature ?tted the observed data well. However, based o model and Q10 analysis, the Arrhenius model may be better than the others in its performance and theoretical basis, despite a tendency to underestimate somewhat the response of soil respiration at low temperature A simple empirical equation, Rs=a(匱-Tmin)b; is presented, which is mor responsive at low temperature than the Arrhenius and exponential
Soil respiration, CO2 efflux, Temperature response, Q10 value, Modelling
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【期刊论文】A model for soil CO2 production and transport 1:Model development
方长明, C. Fang*, John. B. Moncrieff
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 95(1999)225-236,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
In this paper, we describe a one-dimensional, process-based model to simulate production and transport of CO2 in soil (PATCIS). The model is used to predict CO2 efflux from the surface and respiration rates within the soil. In the model, gaseous diffusion and liquid phase dispersion are the major mechanisms governing the transport of CO2. The contribution to the CO2 efflux from vertical movements of soil gas and water is also included. In simulating CO2 production, it is assumed that there is no direct interaction between root and soil microbial respiration and that the indirect interactions between them in different soil layers can be speci?ed by their relationship to oxygen concentration in soil gas and the soil carbon pool. Soil temperature, moisture content, O2 concentration in soil gas, and live and dead biomass are assumed to be direct influencing factors on CO2 efflux or soil respiration. The influence of soil moisture content on CO2 efflux is considered separately through its limitation on respiratory activity (de?ned by a logistic equation) when soil is dry and its restriction on gas transport when soil is wet. The relationship between soil respiration and soil temperature is described by an Arrhenius equation with the activation energy varying inversely with temperature, an between soil respiration and O2 concentration in soil gas by a Michaelis-Menten
CO2 efux, Soil respiration, Soil CO2 transport, Modelling
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【期刊论文】Soil CO2 efflux and its spatial variation in a Florida slash pine plantation
方长明, C. Fang*, John B. Moncrieff, Henry L. Gholz and Kenneth L. Clark
Plant and Soil 205: 135-146, 1998.,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The efflux of CO2 from the soil surface can vary markedly in magnitude bot in time and space and its correct determination is crucial in many ecological studies. In this paper, we report results of field measurements using an open-top dynamic chamber, of soil CO2 efflux in a mature Florida slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var.elliottii) plantation. The daily average efflux was 0.217mg CO2m 2s 1 in the autumn and 0.087mg CO2m 2s 1 in the winter. Soil temperature, which accounts for most of the temporal variability in CO2 efflux, is by far the most influential factor controlling soil respiration rate and its temporal variation. The CO2 efflux in the slash pine plantation is highly spatially variable and effluxes from the soil under palmetto is significantly higher than that from the open floor. The CO2 efflux generally increases with increase in soil fine root biomass, litter and humus amount on the forest floor but is inversely related to the amount of organic matter in the mineral soil. The spatial variation in CO2 efflux can be well characterised by a simple multiple regression model incorporating live and dead biomass and soil total porosity as predictor variables. Understorey plants, mostly Serenoa repens, are an important component of the C cycle and the major contributo to the spatial heterogeneity of soil CO2 efflux. The influence of understorey plants on soil respiration is probably via two approaches: increasing litterfall and root metabolism, both consequently stimulating microbial activity in the mineral soil.
multiple regression model,, slash pine plantation,, soil respiration,, spatial variability of CO2 efflux
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方长明, C. FANG and J. B. MONCRIEFF
FunctionalEcology 199812, 319-325,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
1. A new open-top chamber for measuring CO2 efflux from the soil is reported here. The new design enables measurement of the equilibrium CO2 efflux, when there is no detectable pressure difference between the chamber and outside nor leakage of CO2 into or out of the chamber. 2. In previous dynamic-chamber techniques, the measured CO2 efflux is dependent on the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the chamber, and a negative pressure difference of -1 Pa may cause an order of magnitude increase in measured CO2 efflux. Although the measured CO2 efflux is less sensitive to a positive pressure difference than to a negative one, a positive pressure difference of even a few tenths of a Pa will lead to a considerable underestimation in soil CO2 evolution. 3. The influence of pressure difference on measured CO2 efflux is negligible in the new design and the estimated CO2 efflux is close to the undisturbed soil respiration rate. Flow rates up to 8.1 min-1, or air movement over the soil surface up to 55cm min-1, will not affect CO2 evolution from the soil. The influence of pressure difference is related to the type of soil being measured and this has also been reported here for the new design.
CO2 efflux,, dynamic chamber
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