The effects of low temperature on coagulation kinetics and floc surface morphology were examined in this study. The results show that low temperature slowed down the coagulation process as reflected in the decrease in aggregation rate and rate constants. The aggregation constant in the coagulation process was found to follow the Arrhenius law. The activation energy of the aggregation of kaolinite particles in water was 18.7kJ/mol. Furthermore, the study on the surface morphology of the flocs indicates that those flocs formed at low temperatures had a more irregular structure in terms of perimeter-based fractal dimension, Dpf. Dpf increased from 1.19 to 1.33 as the temperature was downshifted from 22EC to 2EC. The examined shape factor of the flocs, elongation E, was found to follow the probability rule of statistics. Out of two thousand flocs, around 75% of them have an E value ranging from 1.2 to 2.0.

EPS普遍存在于活性污泥絮体内部及表面，在细胞之间构成一种架桥作用，细胞通过这些胞外物质进行物质和能量的传递，具有重要的生理功能。MBR膜通量下降主要来自污泥而非上清液中的胶体和溶解性有机物；EPS浓度和组成影响污泥混合液疏水性、Zeta电位、黏度、粒径等物理、化学特性和菌胶团的生物活性，且与膜污染程度相关关系良好；通过操作条件的调整可以改变EPS的组成和含量，在保证污泥系统正常运行的同时维持良好的膜通量。

硫代硫酸钠常作为水处理研究中氧化剂的猝灭剂。在pH 8.55 的条件下，以绿色氧化剂二氧化氯为对象，研究了硫代硫酸钠还原二氧化氯的反应动力学。采用离子色谱法和连续碘量法确定了硫代硫酸钠还原二氧化氯的化学计量关系，采用停流光谱法测出了该反应的动力学参数。结果表明，硫代硫酸钠还原二氧化氯的反应方程式为：S2O32?+4ClO2 +3H2O→2SO42?+3 ClO2?+Cl?+6H+；在pH8.55、298 K 和 [ClO2]0 /[S2O32?]0 的浓度范围为1.4～7.8时，该反应对于二氧化氯和硫代硫酸钠均为一级，总反应级数为二级；二级反应速率常数k 值为4.5208×103 L?mol?1?s?1；建立了硫代硫酸钠还原二氧化氯的反应动力学方程为：r＝1.1465×109exp(-30672.8/RT)[ClO2] [S2O32?] (pH8.55)。该反应活化能Ea为30.67 kJ?mol?1，表明在一般水处理的条件下，硫代硫酸钠去除水中过量的二氧化氯是合理的。

为研究过量硫代硫酸钠与ClO2 的反应动力学及其机理，采用停流技术测定该反应过程中各物质的浓度变化.结果表明，该化学反应方程式为：3S2O32-+2ClO2 +H2O→S4O62-+2SO42-+2Cl-+2H+，建立相应的反应动力学方程，该反应对于ClO2 和硫代硫酸钠均为一级，对S4O62-为015级，获取pH=9.27、T=298 K和[S2O32-]0/[ClO2 ]0 浓度范围为1.2～3.7情况下该反应的速率常数k值为2.8251×105L1.5/(mol1.5 ?s)，反应活化能Ea为20.5kJ/mol，表明在一般的水处理研究中，硫代硫酸钠作为ClO2 的猝灭剂是合理的，提出过量硫代硫酸钠与ClO2 的4步反应机理，指出S2O3ClO22-是反应中重要的中间体，说明该反应遵循单电子转移机理.

依据大庆水源水质特点确定优质桶装水的生产工艺为：自来水）多介质过滤）臭氧化）生物活性碳过滤）精密过滤）纳滤）臭氧紫外双重消毒）自动化灌装。纳滤浓水水质分析表明优于原水，提出将其回用于工艺中，结果表明：纳滤浓水的回用可以使桶装饮用水保留一部分人体所需的矿物质，同时提高水的硬度，达到优质桶装水的要求。组合工艺对有机污染物去除效率较高，出水高锰酸盐指数<110mg/L，效果稳定。纳滤膜操作压力低，可使原水部分脱盐，阴离子截留率按NO3-、Cl-、F-、SO42-顺序递增; 尤其对该地区水中含量较高的F-有良好的去除效果; 阳离子截留率按Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+ 顺序递增，对高价离子的去除率大于其对一价离子的去除率，对水中无机和有机污染物都具有独特的分离特性。

Due to the potent hepatotoxicity and tumor-promoting activity of microcystins, a successful removal of these toxins during drinking water treatment processes is of increasing concern. The oxidation kinetics of MC-RR by chlorine dioxide (ClO2) was studied with HPLC and characterization of the reaction products was performed with UV-spectrometry, TOC and LC-MS. Our experimental results show that the oxidation process is a second order overall and a first order with respect to ClO2 and MC-RR. The activation energy of MC-RR degradation by ClO2 is 53.07 kJ/mol. The rate constant k of the action can be increased by increasing temperature and decreasing pH value and ranged from 6.11×102 L/(mol·min) to 5.29×102 L/(mol·min) at pH from 3.44 to 10.41 at 10℃. Reaction products were determined to be organic and volatile, because they could be almost removed from aqueous solution by heating for 15 min at 60℃. In addition, the main oxidation products have m/z values of 1072 and are identified as dihydroxy isomers of MC-RR.

在棉布隔膜电解槽中，使用Ti/IrO2 /RuO2阳极、自制的碳/聚四氟乙烯（C/PTFE）充氧阴极，研究了电化学催化氧化降解煤气废水的效果。结果表明，在阴极室，C/PTFE充氧阴极通过外界曝气提供的O2 在阴极还原产生H2O2，采用电子自旋共振法（ESR）阴极室中检测到羟自由基（HO?）的存在。煤气废水中挥发酚和COD去除率均随电解时间的延长而升高、随电流密度的增加而升高，电解质浓度对煤气废水中挥发酚和COD的去除情况没有明显规律性的影响。煤气废水的降解是在阳极的直接、间接氧化及阴极产生的H2O2、HO?和O2-?自由基的氧化共同作用下完成的，阴、阳极室同时电催化氧化降解煤气废水取得了较好的效果。

Kaolinite from a lead-zinc mining district, which was spiked with cadmium, has been treated by e- lectrokinetics to investigate effects of treatment time and applied voltage gradient. The results showed that the increased test duration had induced a higher removal rate of cadmium. Being treated for 7 days, cadmium was removed from kaolinite dramatically. It was also found that higher removal rate happened when a higher voltage gradient was applied and cadmium accumulated near the cathode because pH increased. Increase of pH near the cathode caused accumulation of cadmium. Moreover, it was observed that cation exchange membrane which was placed between kaolinite and cathode could make pH lower than the initial value and avoid the higher pH near the cathode. As a result, the high concentration accumulation of cadmium near the cathode was avoided.

有关持久性有机污染物（POPs）的研究已经成为环境化学与生态毒理学研究的热点。根据国内外的研究现状，简要介绍了POPs的定义、性质、对生物的影响、来源、在全球范围内的迁移转化和生物富集作用以及目前的处理技术；在现有资料的基础上，总结了我国部分地区POPs污染现状；对当前POPs研究中的一些问题做了简单地探讨，提出POPs给传统污水处理工艺带来的挑战，针对研究今后的发展方向提出了一些见解。

利用综合热分析仪对污水处理厂原始污泥进行了热分析实验，获得了不同升温速率下污泥的TG和DTG曲线。实验结果表明，采用一级反应模型预测污泥热解特性具有一定的局限性。利用热分析动力学，采用最概然机理函数选择法，提出了污泥热解的机理函数为f （α）=（1-α）[-ln （1-α）]-3P4，分析获得的污泥活化能E 和指前因子A，并给出了污泥热解动力学计算模型。