寿天德
视觉脑机制研究
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- 姓名:寿天德
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
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学科领域:
生物物理学
- 研究兴趣:视觉脑机制研究
寿天德,复旦大学教授、博士生导师。浙江诸暨人,1941年生于西安市。1964年毕业于中国科学技术大学生物物理系,并留该校任教,至任教授、博导。曾任生物学系主任兼理学院副院长。1980-1996年四度赴美国合作研究约5年。1997年调入复旦大学,现任脑科学研究中心主任,兼复旦大学上海眼耳鼻喉科医院眼科研究所所长。现任学术兼职:中国神经科学学会常务理事、《中国神经科学杂志》常务编委和《神经解剖学杂志》编委。
主要研究方向:长期从事视觉脑机制研究,在视觉方位和方向敏感性及图形适应的皮层下机制研究方面的新发现,修正了国际学术界的传统观点。还研究神经系统的功能发育、眼内压与视功能的关系等。在国际和国内学术刊物上发表研究论文70余篇。视觉脑机制的研究曾获1997年中国科学院自然科学奖二等奖;耳根环麻醉镇痛原理的研究分别获1978年中国科学院和安徽省重大科技成果奖。
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寿天德, Yifeng Zhoua, c*, , Hongbo Yua, Yupeng Yanga, Tiande Shoub, c
Brain Research 987(2003)76-85,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
While binocularity has been established as an important characteristic of cat visual cortical neurons, neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd) are commonly believed to be monocular. To test whether binocularity exists at the level of the LGNd, postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) of 101 cells were intracellularly recorded in eight normal and eight monocularly deprived cats while presenting stimuli to either the dominant or non-dominant eyes. The results showed that: (1) About 92% of neurons (45 out of 49) responded to a flashing spot presented to the non-dominant eye. In contrast to the dominant eye responses, the non-dominant eye PSPs usually exhibited the same polarization tendency (hyperpolarization or depolarization) to flashing spot stimuli of light increment or decrement, and most of them were inhibitory (hyperpolarization, 35 out of 45, 78%). (2) The response field (RF) of the non-dominant eye overlapped that of the dominant eye. (3) For most binocular cells, peak-to-peak amplitudes of non-dominant eye PSPs were about half the size (46%) of those of the dominant eye. The peak latencies and half-peak latencies of non-dominant eye PSPs were significantly longer than those of the dominant eye (mean differences were 5.4ms and 5.6ms respectively). (4) Most of the binocular cells responded well to contrast reversing gratings presented to the non-dominant eye, and the responses were clearly spatial-frequency tuned. No null phase could be found for non-dominant eye PSPs, no matter the neuron was classified as X or Y type according to dominant eye elicited responses. Some of the cells responded well to drifting gratings presented to the non-dominant eye. (5) We also recorded 52 cells in monocularly deprived cats, and found that 49 cells (94%) showed significant responses to flashing spots presented to the non-dominant eye, a similar percentage to that found in normal cats (92%). Conclusion: as strongly monocular neurons, most of LGNd cells could also be driven by the non-dominant eye. The responses evoked by non-dominant eye stimulation differ greatly from those evoked by dominant eye stimulation, and remain intact even without visual experience. These observations suggest an important role of the perigeniculate nucleus in providing binocular inputs to LGNd cells.
Postsynaptic potential, Intracellular recording, Dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, Non-dominant eye, Monocular deprivation, Cat
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寿天德, Yupeng Yanga, , Jianzhong Jina, Yifeng Zhoua, c*, Tiande Shoub, c
Brain Research 959(2003)295-303,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Pattern adaptation is very important for visual function, while the mechanisms that mediate pattern adaptation, especially in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd), are still unclear. Iontophoresis of the antagonists and agonists of GABA receptors were employed to separately investigate the contribution of GABA and GABA receptors to pattern adaptation of LGNd cells. When GABA receptors A B A were blocked by bicuculline both the response amplitude of LGNd cells and the degree of adaptation increased significantly. Many neurons showing no pattern adaptation under the normal condition became adapted to a prolonged stimulus. Moreover, the proportion of cells showing adaptation doubled (from 40 to 88%). The mean adaptation index (AI, adapted response amplitude/ original response amplitude) was 0.82 during bicuculline application, compared with 0.92 under the control condition. In additional, iontophoresis of baclofen, a selective GABA receptor agonist, decreased the mean response amplitude to grating stimuli to 53% of normal. Nearly half of B the neurons increased their adaptation index following baclofen administration and the mean AI increased from 0.89 to 1.01. Iontophoresis of GABA receptor antagonist (CGP35348) could abolish this effect, though it had no significant effect on visual response B amplitude and pattern adaptation itself. Iontophoresis of another GABA receptor antagonist, 2-OH-saclofen, also had no significant B effect on visual response amplitude and pattern adaptation. These results suggest that both GABA receptors and GABA receptors A B modulate the pattern adaptation of LGNd cells and are involved in synaptic plasticity.
GABA receptor, GABA receptor, Pattern adaptation, Bicuculline, Baclofen, 2-OH-saclofen, CGP35348, Dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, A B Cat
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寿天德, Tiande Shou, , Jie Liu, Wei Wang, Yifeng Zhou, and Kanxing Zhao
IOVS, July 2003, Vol.44, No.7,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
PURPOSE. To study changes in the dendritic morphology of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in cats with experimental chronic glaucoma. METHODS. Chronic elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) was produced by injecting endogenous ghost red blood cells into the unilateral anterior chamber of the feline eyes for 1 month. The morphologic features of retrograde-labeled RGCs by bilateral injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into layers A and Aa1 of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) were examined and compared between the normal and glaucomatous eyes. Nissl staining was used for measuring the change in cell density in the retina and the LGN. RESULTS. Quantitative analysis of 720 labeled α and β type RGCs showed that the cell density, body size, maximum dendritic field radius, total dendritic length, and number of branch bifurcations of dendrites decreased significantly in glaucomatous eyes compared with normal ones. The cell loss and shrinkage of dendrites in α type ganglion cells in the retina was more pronounced than that in type cells. The cell density of all kinds of cells in the retina and LGN monotonically declined with time while IOP was elevated, and cell loss was more significant in large cells than in small ones. CONCLUSION. Progressive cell loss and dendritic damage by chronic elevation of IOP in RGCs and LGN cells are more pronounced in the Y-channel (large cells) than the X-channel (small cells) in feline glaucomatous eyes. The dendritic structure changes and corresponding physiological deficits of RGCs occur before cell death and thus may provide an opportunity for clinical treatment.
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【期刊论文】Y Cells in the Cat Retina Are More Tolerant Than X Cells to Brief Elevation of lOP
寿天德, Tiande Shou and Yifeng Zhou
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Vol. 30, No.10, October 1989,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The responses of X and Y type retinal ganglion cells were extracellularly recorded from the cat optic chiasm or tract before and during brief intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. The responses of both X and Y cells to stimulus flashes decreased monotonically with increase of lOP. Y cells had significantly higher tolerance to lOP than did X cells. This systematic difference was independent of the cell's retinal position. The findings support the conclusion that during brief lOP elevation pressure-induced ischemia is the main factor causing a decrease in ganglion cell responsiveness. Our findings also suggest a means of selectively eliminating the contribution of X cells to visual function. At moderate levels of lOP elevation X cells, but not Y cells, virtually cease to function. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 30: 2093-2098, 1989
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寿天德, L. LOU, a, T. SHOU, c*, Z. LI, b, W. Lib, AND Y. GUb
Neuroscience 138(2006)1225-1231,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Peripheral nerve injury in a limb usually causes functional reorganization of the contralateral motor cortex. However, a dynamic process of the novel transhemispheric functional reorganization in the motor cortex was found in adult rats after transferring the seventh cervical nerve root from the contralateral healthy side to the injured limb. Initially the ipsilateral motor cortex activated the injured forepaw for 5 months after the operation. Then, both hemispheres of the cortex activated the injured forepaw, and finally the contralateral cortex exclusively controlled the injured forepaw. It is concluded an extensive functional shift occurred between two hemispheres based on neural plasticity in the CNS. The experimental results of the later lesions of the ipsilateral cortex suggest that maintaining transhemispheric functional reorganization does not depend on the corpus callosum, but depends on mechanisms involving central axonal sprouting. Possible mechanisms underlying the alternative changes in cortical functions were discussed in rats and in patients having similar operations.
motor cortex,, hemisphere,, organization,, corpus callosum,, sprouting.,
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寿天德
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
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寿天德, Luoxiu Huanga, Xin Chena, Tiande Shoua, b, *
L. Huang et al./Brain Research 998(2004)194-201,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The feedback effect of activity of area 21a on orientation maps of areas 17 and 18 was investigated in cats using intrinsic signal optical imaging. A spatial frequency-dependent decrease in response amplitude of orientation maps to grating stimuli was observed in areas 17 and 18 when area 21a was inactivated by local injection of GABA, or by a lesion induced by liquid nitrogen freezing. The decrease in response amplitude of orientation maps of areas 17 and 18 after the area 21a inactivation paralleled the normal response without the inactivation. Application in area 21a of bicuculline, a GABAa receptor antagonist caused an increase in response amplitude of orientation maps of area 17. The results indicate a positive feedback from high-order visual cortical area 21a to lower-order areas underlying a spatial frequencydependent mechanism.
Visual cortex, Area 21, Area 17, Orientation column, Feedback, Area 18, Optical imaging
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寿天德, Xin Chen, , Chao Sun, Luoxiu Huang, and Tiande Shou
IOVS, January 2003, Vol. 44, No.1,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
PURPOSE. To compare the orientation column maps elicited by different spatial frequency gratings in cortical area 17 of cats before and during brief elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). METHODS. IOP was elevated by injecting saline into the anterior chamber of a cat's eye through a syringe needle. The IOP was elevated enough to cause a retinal perfusion pressure (arterial pressure minus IOP) of approximately 30 mm Hg during a brief elevation of IOP. The visual stimulus gratings were varied in spatial frequency, whereas other parameters were kept constant. The orientation column maps of the cortical area 17 were monocularly elicited by drifting gratings of different spatial frequencies and revealed by a brain intrinsic signal optical imaging system. These maps were compared before and during short-term elevation of IOP. RESULTS. The response amplitude of the orientation maps in area 17 decreased during a brief elevation of IOP. This decrease was dependent on the retinal perfusion pressure but not on the absolute IOP. The location of the most visible maps was spatialfrequency dependent. The blurring or loss of the pattern of the orientation maps was most severe when high-spatial-frequency gratings were used and appeared most significantly on the posterior part of the exposed cortex while IOP was elevated. However, the basic patterns of the maps remained unchanged. Changes in cortical signal were not due to changes in the optics of the eye with elevation of IOP. CONCLUSIONS. A stable normal IOP is essential for maintaining normal visual cortical functions. During a brief and high elevation of IOP, the cortical processing of high-spatial-frequency visual information was diminished because of a selectively functional decline of the retinogeniculocortical X pathway by a mechanism of retinal circulation origin.
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【期刊论文】ORIENTATION BIASED EXTENDED SURROUND OF THE RECEPTIVE FIELD OF CAT RETINAL GANGLION CELLS
寿天德, T. SHOU, *†‡§, W. WANG† and H. YU*†
Orientation biased extended surround of receptive field 207~212,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Here we report that the extended surround outside the classical receptive center (hereafter called the extended surround) of most retinal ganglion cells in the cat exhibit significant orientation bias to grating stimuli, and that the center and the extended surround show different orientation biases at different spatial frequencies. As a result, some retinal ganglion cells possess a complex receptive field structure, which allows them to detect sophisticated image segmentation (e.g. texture segmentation) in addition to simple luminance edges. This property was previously thought to exist primarily in the visual cortex. Moreover, in about one quarter of 128 cells studied the center did not exhibit an orientation bias. Thus, these surrounds alone may determine the cells' orientation bias. In conclusion, the extended surround may play an important role in processing more complex pattern in natural scenes since the classical receptive field is too small to describe all the properties of a retinal ganglion cell.
orientation,, extended surround,, receptive field,, retinal ganglion cells,, cat.,
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寿天德, C. SUN, a X. CHEN, a L. HUANGa AND T. SHOUa, b*
Neuroscience 125(2004)495-505,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The spatial properties of the extraclassical receptive fields (ECRF) of neurons responding to a stimulus restricted to it and its interaction with the classical receptive field (CRF) in visual information processing were investigated in 74 relay cells in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd) of anesthetized cats. The results demonstrate that the ECRF of most relay cells in the LGNd responded preferentially to a grating stimulus of low spatial frequency through a mechanism of spatial summation. These biased cells showed a significant orientation bias which was relatively smaller than that of the CRF. The preferred orientations of the ECRF were not correlated with those of the CRF in most relay cells. The orientation biased ECRFs and CRFs interacted with each other in a non-linear way, resulting in a great diversity of response properties. Overall, the CRF played a more significant role than the ECRF in determining a cell's orientation bias and preferred orientation. The ECRF mostly showed a modulatory role mainly in suppressing and/or in partially facilitating the neural response to stimulation in the CRF although in some cases, the ECRF did determine a cell's responsiveness and orientation sensitivity. These results suggest that the ECRF might contribute to the ability of the LGNd neurons to detect some complex features such as texture segmentation and provide a subcortical contribution to the integrative field of visual cortical cells through receiving inputs from retinal ganglion cells with similar orientation biased extended surrounds [Neuroscience 98 (2000) 207]
spatial frequency,, classical receptive field,, vision,, orientation turning,, interaction.,
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