根据摇摆式凸轮轴磨削运动几何原理·提出了一种多约束凸轮轴凸轮型线数控磨削插补技术·建立了以凸轮矢角·为参变量的插补算法模型·给出了插补过程与实时伺服相分离的前后台式控制策略思想·并验证了插补算法的精度和效率·为研制摇摆式凸轮轴数控磨床提供了理论参考·

The radome is to ensure the antenna work normally in extreme harsh condition. It not only meets the shape aerodynamics requirement to withstand the thermal and mechanical loads during a high-speed flight, but also satisfies the electromagnetic property requirement. Electric thickness is an important electromagnetic performance index embodying the comprehensive influence of the geometric thickness, the material dielectric constant, and the incidence angle, on the electromagnetic wave transmission characteristics. After semi-finished machining, the electric thickness of the radome that is made of hard and brittle material often fails to meet the requirement owing to geometric error and non-uniformity of the dielectric constant. This electric thickness error has to be compensated through altering geometric thickness by precision grinding of the inner surface. Theoretically, the radome is a solid of revolution with a 3-D complex and curved surface. Therefore, the inner surface precision grinding is, in fact, a machining process for free form surfaces. In this paper, a digitized machining scheme and technical guideline is proposed. Firstly, the inner surface of the radome is precisely measured to set up a grinding datum. Secondly, the finishing grinding is performed based on the real inner surface and the required machining allowance. In addition, to avoid installation errors, the measuring and grinding processes are accomplished on the same machine tool for one-loading and two-operations. It is shown in practice that this technical guideline satisfies all of the performance index requirements for finish machining of the radome, effectively solving the difficult problem existed in finish machining of semi-finished radomes.

According to the principle of the magnetostriction generating mechanism, the control model of giant magnetostriction material based on magnetic field and the control method with magnetic flux density are developed. Furthermore, this control method is used to develop a giant magnetostrictive micro-displacement actuator (GMA) and its driving system. Two control methods whose control vari-ables are current intensity and magnetic flux density are compared with each other by experimental studies. Finally, effective methods on improving the linearity and control precision of mi-cro-displacement actuator and reducing the hysteresis based On the controlling magnetic flux density are obtained.

The electric thickness of the semi-finished radome may not meet the requirement for the electromagnetic performance because it varies with both the geometry thickness and the electric inductivity of the radome. One way to obtain the required value of the electric thickness is to compensate the electric thickness error by modifying the wall thickness of the radome. To this end, a grinding machine is developed and applied to precisely grind the inner surface of the radome. In order to ensure the grinding precision, it is important to keep the grinding machine under a stable, rapid and precise control. In this paper, a compound control strategy, which is a combination of the cascade control of 3-loop, the feedforward control and the PID algorithm, is proposed to realize a highly precise and reliable control over the grinding machine. Moreover, the architecture of the control system, the algorithm of the main controller based on DSP technology and the method of adjusting parameters are also introduced. It is shown that this compound control strategy has the advantages of high control accuracy and strong anti-jamming ability, being effective and applicable.

超磁致伸缩材料是一种新型的功能材料，其微位移执行器的设计理论和方法具有特殊性。分析了超磁致伸缩材料的工作特性，给出了超磁致伸缩微位移执行器的原型。在此基础上，建立了执行器的微位移传递机构、磁路、驱动线圈及其冷却等几个关键部分的数学模型，并提出其设计理论和方法。同时，采用上述理论和方法研制了超磁致伸缩微位移执行器样机，通过试验验证了其正确性和实用性。

超磁致伸缩材料是近年来发展起来的一种新型功能材料。在分析了超磁致伸缩材料的驱动原理，并给出了它的两种驱动结构形式的基础上，对采用电流和磁感应强度做为控制量的两种控制方法进行了对比分析和实验研究，得出了基于磁感应强度的控制方法可提高超磁致伸缩微位移执行器的线性度和控制精度、减小迟滞的结论。

由于目前对电火花放电机理认识的有限性而使参数优化成为电火花加工中的难点之一，特别是多项工艺指标要求下的参数优化问题更是缺乏理论指导和具体应用方法。因此，在用正交试验法研究了电火花微小孔加工中放电参数和非放电参数对加工速度、电极损耗和孔径间隙等各单项工艺指标的影响规律的基础上，采用灰色相关性理论，重点解决了多项工艺指标下的参数优化这一难点问题，简化了优化过程，得出了优化的参数组合方案。

以新型功能材料为驱动元件的微执行器是精密加工、超精密加工和微机械发展的关键技术之一，对其驱动元件、结构设计、加工制造和精密测控等方面的研究具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。分析了国内外研究热点和具有代表性的压电、形状记忆合金和磁致伸缩材料等功能材料的优异性能及其微执行器的驱动原理和结构特点，阐述了功能材料驱动的微执行器技术的发展趋势，指出了功能材料驱动微执行器技术发展的关键技术。

采用新型的功能材料——超磁致伸缩材料作为微位移器件，研制了一种具有位移感知功能的超磁致伸缩微位移执行器，并建立了其微位移闭环控制系统。提出了一种高分辨率、无摩擦、传感位移传递一体化的圆形膜片式柔性结构，作为超磁致伸缩微位移执行器的微位移传递和感知机构。应用薄板弯曲理论得出了相应的挠度、应变变化率的解析表达式及分布曲线，确定了微位移感知传感器的分布形式，实现了执行器的微位移感知功能。同时，对研制的具有位移感知功能的超磁致伸缩微位移执行器及其微位移闭环控制系统进行实验研究，结果表明：执行器的微位移感知灵敏度和系统的微位移闭环控制精度较高。

针对恒转速凸轮轴磨削存在的问题，提出一种实现凸轮轴变转速磨削的分析方法，建立了以凸轮矢角H为参变量的数学模型，并验证了这种分析方法的可行性，为研制变转速凸轮轴数控磨床提供了理论依据。