陈坚
发酵工程领域的发酵过程优化技术和环境生物技术领域的污染物生物控制工程技术的研究
个性化签名
- 姓名:陈坚
- 目前身份:
- 担任导师情况:
- 学位:
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学术头衔:
博士生导师, 优秀教师/优秀教育工作者, 教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”入选者
- 职称:-
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学科领域:
发酵工程
- 研究兴趣:发酵工程领域的发酵过程优化技术和环境生物技术领域的污染物生物控制工程技术的研究
陈坚教授,江苏扬州人,1984年7月本科毕业于清华大学环境工程专业。现为江南大学校长。江南大学发酵工程、环境工程专业博士生导师。教育部科学技术委员会委员兼生命科学部委员,中国生物工程学会理事兼工业与环境生物技术委员会委员,江苏省环境科学学会常务理事,江苏省化学化工学会常务理事兼生物工程委员会主任;生物反应器工程国家重点实验室、农业部农业环境微生物工程重点开放实验室、教育部工业生物技术重点实验室、江苏省环境科学与工程重点实验室学术委员会委员;《Process Biochemistry》,《生物工程学报》,《过程工程学报》,《应用与环境生物学报》编委。1999年入选教育部跨世纪人才、获教育部青年教师奖、全国优秀教师、江苏省"十大"杰出青年、全国优秀留学回国成就奖、江苏省优秀博士生导师等奖励,2004年入选新世纪百千万人才工程国家级人选。陈坚教授主要从事发酵工程领域的发酵过程优化技术和环境生物技术领域的污染物生物控制工程技术的研究。负责完成包括国家自然科学基金项目、国家科技攻关、教育部霍英东青年教师科研基金项目、教育部骨干教师科研资助项目、江苏省“九五”重大工业攻关项目等国家、部省级科研项目20项,16项成果被江苏省、教育部组织鉴定达到国际先进或国内领先水平;7项科技成果分别获得部省级技术发明、科技进步一等(1)、二等(4)、三等(2)奖。近五年来发表论文160篇,其中SCI收录论文50篇;主编出版专著、教材或科技书6本,其中1本专著获中国石油与化学工业科技图书二等奖;申请发明专利26项,授权发明专利12项,其中2项专利获“江苏省优秀专利”称号。 已指导毕业博士研究生12名,硕士研究生15名。目前正在指导硕士研究生10名,博士研究生8名;指导的研究生1名获得江苏省优秀博士论文、全国优秀博士论文提名奖,2名获得江苏省优秀硕士论文。
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17
【期刊论文】渗滤液中有机化合物在电化学氧化和厌氧生物组合系统中的降解
陈坚, 李庭刚, 李秀芬, 陈坚*
环境科学,2004,25(5):172~176,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
根据GC2MS分析,垃圾渗滤液中有机组分大多是难生物降解的有机化合物,如酚类、杂环类、杂环芳烃、多环芳烃类化合物,约占渗滤液中有机组分的70%以上。本文对渗滤液中典型有机化合物在电化学氧化和厌氧生物组合工艺系统中的降解特性进行了系统研究。结果表明,在电化学处理系统中,杂酚类、酰胺类、苯并噻唑、苯醌、喹啉、萘等有机化合物降解速率高于外222羟基桉树脑和异喹啉等化合物,但前者在厌氧生物处理系统中去除率低;渗滤液原水经过电化学氧化处理后,挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量从原水中的0168%增加到电化学出水中的16118%;此组合工艺能够显著降低因渗滤液复杂组分间的增效协同作用和拮抗作用而引起的毒性,系统出水可生化性增强,为进一步研究垃圾渗滤液的处理技术和进行该组合处理系统的大规模开发提供参考。
渗滤液, 难降解有机化合物, 挥发性脂肪酸, 电化学氧化, UASB
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【期刊论文】Biotechnological production of pyruvic acid
陈坚, Y. Li
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (2001) 57: 451-459,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Pyruvic acid is an important organic acid widely used in the chemical and drug, as well as agrochemical, industries. Compared with the chemical method, biotechnological production of pyruvic acid is an alternative approach because of the low cost. An overview of biotechnological production of pyruvate, including direct fermentative production employing eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms, production by a resting cell method and an enzymatic method as well as the recovery of pyruvate, is discussed. A multi-vitamin auxotrophic yeast strain, Torulopsis glabrata, has been used in the commercial production of pyruvate; emphasis is therefore placed on the mechanism and characteristics of pyruvate production by this strain.
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【期刊论文】Glutathione: a review on biotechnological production
陈坚, Yin Li
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
This Mini-Review summarizes the historic developments and technological achievements in the biotechnological production of glutathione in the past 30 years. Glutathione is the most abundant non-protein thiol compound present in living organisms. It is used as a pharmaceutical compound and can be used in food additives and the cosmetic industries. Glutathione can be produced using enzymatic methods in the presence of ATP and its three precursor amino acids (L-glutamic acid, Lcysteine, glycine). Alternatively, glutathione can be produced by direct fermentative methods using sugar as a starting material. In the latter method, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis are currently used to produce glutathione on an industrial scale. At the molecular level, the genes gshA and gshB, which encode the enzymes γ- glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthetase, respectively, have been cloned from Escherichia coli and over-expressed in E. coli, S. cerevisiae, and Lactococcus lactis. It is anticipated that, with the design and/or discovery of novel producers, the biotechnological production of glutathione will be further improved to expand the application range of this physiologically and medically important tripeptide.
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陈坚, Guocheng Du a, Jian Chen a, Jian Yu b, *, Shiyi Lun a
Journal of Biotechnology 88(2001)59-65,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is mainly accumulated by Ralstonia eutropha under unbalanced growth conditions, which limits its production in batch or fed-batch modes. The continuous production of PHB was investigated in a two-stage continuous culture system. The first-stage produced cell mass giving the maximal cell dry weight of 27.1g l−1 at 0.21h−1 of dilution rate. High specific cell growth rate results in the decrease of PHB synthesis under glucose-limited and nitrogen-rich conditions in the first-stage. The second-stage produced PHB giving the maximal PHB concentration of 47.6g l−1 at 0.14 h−1 of dilution rate. Specific PHB synthetic rate reached highest value at low dilution rate under nitrogen-limited condition in the second-stage, and decreased with the increase of ammonium concentration in the culture. In the continuous culture system, the maximal PHB productivity could reach 1.43g l−1h−1 at a dilution rate of 0.12h−1, but with relatively low PHB content of 47.6%. Maximal yield of PHB on glucose could reach 0.36g g−1 glucose at 0.075h−1 of dilution rate with relatively high PHB productivity of 1.23g l−1h−1 and PHB content of 72.1%, respectively.
Ralstonia eutropha, Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, Two-stage continuous culture system, PHB continuous production, Dilution rate, Nitrogen-limited condition
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陈坚, Zheng Meiying, Du Guocheng, Chen Jian*
Enzyme and Microbial Technology 31(2002)477-481,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
pH is one of the most important environmental factors for cell growth and product formation. Batch microbial transglutaminase (MTG) fermentation by Streptoverticillium mobaraense WSH-Z2 at various pH values ranging from 5.0 to 8.5 was studied. A pH-shift strategy was developed to maximize MTG production in batch MTG fermentation. Based on time courses of the specific cell growth rate and specific MTG formation rate, a two-stage pH-shift strategy in which pH 7.0 was controlled at first 13 h, and then switched to 6.5 after 13 h was developed. By applying this pH-shift strategy in MTG fermentation, the maximal MTG activity and productivity had a significant improvement and reached 3.40u/ml and 81.4u/l/h, respectively, compared to those of constant pH operation (2.90u/ml and 61.4u/l/h).
Streptoverticillium mobaraense, Microbial transglutaminase (, MTG), , Batch fermentation, A pH-shift strategy, Specific cell growth rate, Specific MTG formation rate
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【期刊论文】Production of a novel polygalacturonic acid bioflocculant REA-11 by Corynebacterium glutamicum
陈坚, Ning He , Yin Li, Jian Chen *
Bioresource Technology 94(2004)99-105,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The production of a novel polygalacturonic acid bioflocculant REA-11 from a newly isolated strain, Corynebacterium glutamicum CCTCC M201005, was investigated. Sucrose was chosen as a carbon source for REA-11 production. Complex nitrogen sources containing urea and an organic nitrogen compound enhanced both bacterial growth and REA-11 production, among which urea plus corn steep liquor was shown to be the most effcient combination. A cost-effective medium for REA-11 production mainly comprised 17g/l sucrose, 0.45g/l urea, and 5ml/l corn steep liquor, under which conditions the flocculating activity reached 390U/ml. The molar ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) significantly affected REA-11 production, where a C/N ratio of 20: 1 was shown to be the best. Interestingly, by simultaneously feeding sucrose and urea at a C/N ratio of 20: 1 at 24h of fermentation, REA-11 production (458U/ml) was enhanced by 17% compared to the control. In a 10 l jar fermentor, lower dissolved oxygen tension was favorable for REA-11 production: a flocculating activity of 520U/ml was achieved at a kLa of 100h 1. REA-11 raw product is relatively thermo-stable at acidic pH ranges of 3.0-6.5. Preliminary application studies showed that REA-11 had stronger flocculating activity to Kaolin clay suspension compared to chemical flocculants. In addition, the capability of decolorizing molasses wastewater indicates the industrial potential of this novel bioflocculant.
Corynebacterium glutamicum, Bioflocculant, Polygalacturonic acid, Fermentation conditions, Flocculating activity, Stability, Application
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陈坚, 杨革, 陈坚**曲音波, 伦世仪
高分子学报,2002,4:345~348,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
采用动态实验方法研究了聚γ2谷氨酸(γ2PGA)水溶液的流变性能。在该体系中γ2PGA溶液是非牛顿剪切变稀流体,属于假塑性流体,具有典型的幂律性,其稠度为0101~0118Pa·s,幂律指数为0193~0181。γ2PGA溶液的粘度随温度的升高而呈现出下降态势。在角频率ω=0101~100rad·s-1范围内,5%γ-PGA的储能模量G始终大于耗能模量G,且不依赖于频率,表明聚γ2谷氨酸弹性极佳并相当稳定。1%可能接近聚γ2谷氨酸形成水凝胶的阈值浓度。γ2PGA易溶于水形成有粘弹性的弱凝胶,长时间的高温加热处理会破坏γ2PGA形成的凝胶网络结构,酸、碱均降低γ2PGA形成的凝胶网络的能力,添加1%~10%NaCl对2%的凝胶网络有一定的损害,添加7%KCl、MgSO4、ZnSO4、CaCl2有类似影响,但117%的PbNO3和AgNO3均使γ2PGA的粘弹性完全丧失。
地衣芽孢杆菌,, 聚γ2谷氨酸,, 流变性能,, 动态粘弹性
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【期刊论文】氧化磷酸化抑制剂对光滑球拟酵母糖酵解速度的影响*
陈坚, 刘立明, ), 李华钟, 李寅, )**
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
研究了不同浓度电子传递链抑制剂(鱼藤酮和抗霉素A)和F0F1-ATPase抑制剂(寡霉素)对光滑球拟酵母胞内ATP水平、葡萄糖消耗速度、糖酵解途径关键酶的影响在培养液中添加10m/L儿鱼藤酮和抗霉素A,相对于对照组,胞内ATP分别下降了43%和27.7%,使糖酵解关键酶磷酸果糖激酶(PFK)的活性分别提高340%和230%,从而导致葡萄糖消耗速度增加360%和240%,丙酮酸生成速度提高了17%和8.5%改变胞内ATP水平并不影响糖酵解途径其他关键酶HK、PK活性微量的寡霉素(0.05mg/L)可使胞内ATP含量下降64.3%,当培养液中寡霉素浓度达到0.4mg/L时,细胞不能继续生长,葡萄糖消耗速度和丙酮酸的生成速度却随着寡霉素浓度(小于0.6mg/L)的增加而增加表明氧化磷酸化途径中,ATPase决定着ATP的生成。降低胞内ATP含量能显著提高PFK活性(r2=0.9971),葡萄糖消耗速度(r2=0.9967)以及丙酮酸生产速度(r2=0.965),葡萄糖消耗速度的增加是糖酵解途径中关键酶PFK活性(r2=0.9958)和PK活性(r2=0.8706)增加所导致的这一结果有利于揭示真核微生物细胞中氧化磷酸化与中心代谢途径(酵解)的关系。
光滑球拟酵母,, 氧化磷酸化抑制剂,, 酵解,, ATP
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【期刊论文】辅酶Q10高产菌Rhizobium radiobacter的选育及发酵条件优化
陈坚, 潘春梅, , 堵国成
过程工程学报,2004,4(5):451~456,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
以放射型根瘤菌(Rhizobium radiobacter)WSH2601为出发菌株,经紫外线和亚硝基胍复合诱变,获得遗传稳定性好的抗放线菌素D突变株WSH-F06。在摇瓶中考察了碳、氮源等营养条件以及接种量、装液量和初始pH等环境条件对突变株WSH-F06细胞生长和积累辅酶Q10的影响。通过诱变和优化发酵条件,突变株WSH-F06的辅酶Q10产量和胞内含量分别达到34mg/L和2.4mg/g,比出发菌株在同样条件下提高了16%。
放射型根瘤菌, 辅酶Q10, 诱变, 放线菌素D抗性, 发酵条件优化
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陈坚, 张颖, 李寅, 陈坚*
微生物学报,2004,44(5):650~653,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
在培养基中没有聚乙烯醇(PVA)及有PVA存在的情况下,考察了酵母粉、20种氨基酸和部分维生素对一株青霉WSH02221产PVA降解酶的影响。当培养基中无PVA时,以酵母粉为氮源时,该菌株可产生3819UPL的PVA降解酶;加入PVA后,酶活提高了313倍,表明该菌株所产的PVA降解酶是可诱导的。进一步研究发现,不管培养基中是否存在PVA,若没有苏氨酸存在,该菌株正常生长,但不能产生PVA降解酶,表明苏氨酸是该菌株产生PVA降解酶所必需的,而非生长所必需。在苏氨酸添加浓度为10mgPL到20mgPL的范围内,该菌株所产PVA降解酶的酶活随着培养基中苏氨酸浓度的增大而呈现上升趋势。
青霉,, 聚乙烯醇,, 降解酶,, 酵母粉,, 苏氨酸,, 影响
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