朱英国
长期从事植物小孢子发育、植物雄性不育与杂种优势研究。
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- 姓名:朱英国
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
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学科领域:
农艺学
- 研究兴趣:长期从事植物小孢子发育、植物雄性不育与杂种优势研究。
武汉大学教授、博士生指导教师、国家重点学科发育生物学负责人、国家级有突出贡献专家、湖北省遗传学会理事长。长期从事植物小孢子发育、植物雄性不育与杂种优势研究。20世纪70年代初,利用华南普通野生稻与栽培杂交合作育成红莲型水稻三系及红莲型杂交稻,80年代中期利用农家品种马尾粘中发现的败育株与协青早选杂交合作选育的马协不育系和马协型杂交稻。1980年开始研究光敏核不育水稻,在理论研究的同时,开展新型光敏核不育系和两系杂交稻选育研究,主持选育出粳型和籼型光敏核不育系WDIS、8902S、8906S、1103S和9759S先后通过国家和省级鉴定,两系杂交稻两优1193通过品种审定并开始大面积生产。先后合著专著5部,发表研究论文150余篇。获得全国科学大会和湖北省科学大会奖、籼型杂交水稻特等发明奖湖北分奖一等奖、湖北省科技进步特等奖、教育部科技进步二等奖、湖北省科技进步二等奖、中国高校技术发明一等奖、国家自然科学三等奖、国家发明二等奖,并享受国务院特殊津贴等。目前承担国家973项目、国家863项目、国家转基因专项、国家和省级攻关项目、国家自然科学基金和省部级重点项目多项。近期在基因克隆、雄性不育与育性恢复分子机理和优质高产杂交稻产业化等方面取得重要进展。
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朱英国, Fugang Ren
Theor Appl Genet (2003) 108: 113-120,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
In order to estimate genetic relationships of the AA-genome Oryza species, RAPD and SSR analyses were performed with 45 accessions, including 13 cultivated varieties (eight Oryza sativa and five Oryza glaberrima) and 32 wild accessions (nine Oryza rufipogon, seven Oryza nivara, three Oryza glumaepatula, four Oryza longistaminata, six Oryza barthii, and three Oryza meridionalis). A total of 181 clear and repeatable bands were amplified from 27 selected RAPD primers, and 101 alleles were detected from 29 SSR primer pairs. The dendrogram constructed using UPGMA from a genetic-similarity matrix based on the RAPD data supported the clustering of distinct five groups with a few exceptions: O. rufipogon/O. nivara/O. meridionalis, O. barthii/O. glaberrima, O. glumaepatula, O. sativa and O. longistaminata. The dendrogram based on the SSR analysis showed a more-complicated genetic variation pattern, but the O. longistaminata and O. barthii/O. glaberrima accessions were consistently separated from all other accessions, indicating significant differentiation of the African AA-genome Oryza species. For accessions in the O. rufipogon/O. nivara/O. sativa complex, it is apparent that geographical isolation has played an important role in differentiation of the Asian AA-genome Oryza taxa. It is also demonstrated from this study that both RAPD and SSR analyses are powerful methods for detecting polymorphisms among the different AA-genome Oryza accessions. However, the RAPD analysis provides a more-informative result in terms of the overall genetic relationships at the species level compared to the SSR analysis. The SSR analysis effectively reveals diminutive variation among accessions or individuals within the same species, given approximately the same number of primers or primer-pairs used in the studies.
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朱英国, X.-Q. Liu
Mol Gen Genomics (2004) 271: 586-594,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The Honglian cytoplasmic male sterility (cms-HL) system, a novel type of gametophytic CMS in indica rice, is being used for the large-scale commercial production of hybrid rice in China. However, the genetic basis of fertility restoration (Rf) in cms-HL remains unknown. Previous studies have shown that fertility restoration is controlled by a single locus located on chromosome 10, close to the loci Rf1 and Rf4, which respond to cms-BT and cms-WA, respectively. To determine if the Rf locus for cms-HL is different from these Rf loci and to establish fine-scale genetic and physical maps for map-based cloning of the Rf gene, high-resolution mapping of the Rf gene was carried out using RAPD and microsatellite markers in three BCF1 populations. The results of the genetic linkage analysis indicated that two Rf loci respond to cms-HL, and that these are located in different regions of chromosome 10. One of these loci, Rf5, co-segregates with the SSR marker RM3150, and is flanked by RM1108 and RM5373, which are 0.9 cM and 1.3 cM away, respectively. Another Rf locus, designated as Rf6(t), co-segregates with RM5373, and is flanked by RM6737 and SBD07 at genetic distances of 0.4 cM. The results also demonstrated these loci are distinct from Rf1 and Rf4. A 105-kb BAC clone covering the Rf6(t) locus was obtained from a rice BAC library. The sequence of a 66-kb segment spanning the Rf6(t) locus was determined by a BLASTX search in the genomic sequence database established for the cultivar 93-11.
Oryza sativa
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朱英国, Shaoqing LiA, Cuixiang WanA, Jin KongA, Zaijun ZhangA, Yangsheng LiA and Yingguo ZhuA, B
Functional Plant Biology, 2004, 31,369-376,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The key role of mitochondria in the integration of apoptosis and oxidative stress in mammals has been documented. In plants, mitochondria are implicated in cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), programmed cell death (PCD), and oxidative stress. However, to date there has been no evidence presented of the interplay among CMS, PCD and oxidative stress. In this study, we demonstrate that the pollen abortion of Honglian CMS line of rice (Oryza sativa L.) displays a PCD phenotype. A premature loss of microspores was accompanied by several biochemical markers of apoptosis. Analysis of mitochondria revealed that during the PCD process there was disruption of the inner mitochondrial membrane potential in microspores. This disruption was correlated with excess production of reactive oxygen species and down-regulation of the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase in mitochondria. The excess accumulation of ROS spanned four stages from pollen mother cell to early-uninucleate stage, and was followed by the occurrence of PCD at meiosis. Our data suggest that the microspores suffered from severe oxidative stress during pollen development. It is likely the chronic oxidative stress triggered the tissue-specific PCD and consequently resulted in the abortion of microspores.
cytoplasmic male sterility,, mitochondria,, Oryza sativa,, oxidative stress,, programmed cell death.,
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