杨肖娥
主要从事污染环境生物修复、植物逆境营养生理、植物营养环境生态等方面的研究。
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- 姓名:杨肖娥
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
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学科领域:
土壤学
- 研究兴趣:主要从事污染环境生物修复、植物逆境营养生理、植物营养环境生态等方面的研究。
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杨肖娥, R. Hajibolanda, X.E. Yangb, V. R
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Bicarbonate content in growth medium has been considered to be one of the major factors in inducing zinc (Zn) deficiency in lowland rice. In this study, the effects of bicarbonate on root elongation, distribution and exudation of organic acids were examined in the Zn-efficient and Zn-inefficient rice genotypes. Bicarbonate significantly increased the growth of fine roots in the Zn-efficient genotype but inhibited their growth in the Zn-inefficient genotype. In fine root zones of 2-8mm from the tip, of plants grown with bicarbonate, malate, citrate, and fumarate accumulation was greater in the Zn-inefficient genotype, but not the Zn-efficient genotype, than the control. Enhanced exudation of malate at fine root zones of 1-2 cm from the tip by bicarbonate was noted in the Zn-efficient genotype, but not in the Zn-inefficient genotype. Bicarbonate induced greater exudation of citrate at fine root zones of 1-2 cm from the tip in the Zn-efficient than in the Zn-inefficient genotypes. The increase in the concentrations of malate and citrate in xylem sap by bicarbonate were found to be greater for the Zn-efficient genotype than that for the Zn-inefficient genotype. The results indicated that bicarbonate-mediated inhibition of fine root elongation in the Zn-inefficient genotype might result from excessive accumulation of organic acids, particularly malate, in root elongation zones. In the Zn-inefficient rice genotype the increased accumulation of malate and citrate in fine roots by bicarbonate appeared to result from less exudation of them to the rhizosphere and transport up to the shoots.
fine roots,, malate,, citrate,, root exudation,, Zn efficiency,, and rice genotype
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【期刊论文】古老铅锌矿山生态型东南景天对锌耐性及超积累特性的研究
杨肖娥, 龙新宪, 倪吾钟, 倪士峰
植物生太学报,2001,25(6):665~672,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
植物长期生长在重金属污染的生境中,逐渐进化成不同的生态型。通过调查中国东南部古老Pb/zn矿和非矿山生境中的植物种群,发现生长在古老Pb/Zn矿的东南景天(Sedum alfredii Hance)是一种新的Zn超积累植物。在自然和控制条件下,古老Pb/Zn矿生态型比非矿山生态型植株的茎粗、叶片大、植株高。在矿山土壤Zn有效含量为105.5~325.4mg·kg-1时,矿山生态型东南景天植株地上部Zn含量为4134~5000mg·kg-1;当营养液中Zn浓度为1223.6μmol时,其Zn含量高选2%。在相同Zn浓度下,矿山生态型地上部Zn含量比非矿山生态型高30倍左右。两种生态型体内Zn分布也不同,古老铅锌矿山生态型的不同器官中Zn古量以茎>叶片>根系,而非矿山生态型则以根系>茎>叶片。古老铅锌矿山生态型地上部积累的Zn占植株总积累量的90%以上,其中叶片和茎分别占41.66%±5.46%和54.7±5.87%:非矿山生态型各器官中积累的Zn远远低于古老铅锌矿山生态型,各器官中积累的Zn以茎>根系>叶片。本研究表明,这两种生态型东南景天的发现,为今后探讨植物耐高Zn胁迫和超积累Zn的微进化过程提供了非常有价值的材料,也为Zn污染土壤的植物修复提供了一种很有潜力的候选材料。
生态型, 锌耐性, 锌超积累, 东南景天
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杨肖娥, 龙新宪, 倪吾钟
植物营养与肥料学报,2002,8(8):8~15,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
超积累植物从根际吸收重金属,并将其转移和积累到地上部、这一过程包括跨根细胞质膜运输、从根表皮细胞向中柱的横向运输、从根系的中柱薄壁细胞装载到木质部导管、木质部长途运输,从木质部卸载到叶细胞(跨叶细胞膜运输)、跨叶细胞的液泡膜运输等主要环节和调控位点。本文就近十年来这方面的研究进展作一综述。
超积累植物, 重金属, 吸收
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【期刊论文】东南景天(Sedum alfredii H)——一种新的锌超积累植物
杨肖娥, 杨肖娥①, 龙新宪①, 倪吾钟①, 傅承新②
科学通报,2002,47(13):1003~1006,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
通过野外调查和温室试验,发现并鉴定出东南景天(Sedum alfedii H)是一种新的锌超积累植物。调查结果发现,东南景天对土壤中高含量的锌有很强的忍耐、吸收和积累能力,地上部Zn含量为4134~5000mg/kg,平均为4515mg/kg。营养液培养实验证明,东南景天对生长介质中的Zn有很强的忍耐能力,当生长介质中Zn浓度高达240mg/L时,植株仍生长正常,其生物量与对照相比无显著差异。地上部Zn含量及其积累量均随生长介质中Zn浓度的增加而增加,当生长介质中Zn浓度为80mg/L时,地上部Zn含量和积累量达到最高值,分别为19.674g/kg,19.83mg/株。结果表明,东南景天是我国发现的一种新的Zn超积累植物,为今后探明植物超积累Zn的机理和Zn污染土壤的植物修复提供了一种新的种质资源。
东南景天, 锌, 超积累
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杨肖娥, HE Bing†, , YANG Xaio-e, NI Wu-zhong, WEI You-zhnag, YE Hai-bo
Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE V. 4, No.4, p. 474-479, July,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Lead concenrations in roots stems and leaves of accumulating and non-accumulating ecotypes of Sedum alfredii (Hance) were studied through a hydropinic experiment with different Pb concentrations supplied as Pb(NO3)2. Lead concentrations in leaves and stems of the accumulating ecotpe were 4-9time and 3-5time those of the non-accumulating ecotype, and Pb-accumlate amounts in stems and leaves of the accumulating ecotype were 4-9 time and 8-11 times higher than those of the non-accumulating ecotype, respectively. The results indicated that the accumulating ecotype had better ability to transport Pb form roots to shoots. The subcellular disributions of Pb in the root, stem and leaf tisues were sutdid using sucrose differential centrifugation. Approximately 50% of Pb contents was found to be associated with the cell wall fraction in stems of the accumulatig ecotype and the percentage in creased to 80% both i roots and leaves, no matter when plants were grown with different levels of Pb. The results indicated that the distribution of Pb on cell walls of the account for the high tolerance to Pb.
Pb,, Accumulatin ecotype Subcellular distribution
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【期刊论文】Genetic Analysis on Agronomic Traits Related to Zinc Efficiency in Lowland Rice
杨肖娥, R. M. Wang; X. E. Yang; C. X. He
Published in Journal of Plant Nutrition, Volume 27, Issue 4,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The hereditary characteristics of plant traits related to zinc (Zn) efficiency in lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) were analyzed in this study. The plant traits include the relative values of the total plant dry matter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, leaf number, plant height, and root length of rice seedlings grown at low Zn2+ activity compared to those at sufficient Zn2+ activity. The F1 progeny was obtained by using a diallel cross between Zn-efficient and Zn-inefficient rice genotypes. The results revealed that the variances of dominant effect of all the traits studied were significant or very significant with the ratio being more than 65.4% of total variance. The additive effect variances of other traits except for the root length were also significant or very significant, with the average ratio being 21.85% of total variance. he variance of epistatic effect for root length was significant, with a ratio of 48% of total variance. The relative values of root length at low Zn2+ activity to sufficient Zn2+ activity was found to be governed by dominant and additive effects of hereditary genes. The relative values of leaf number, plant height and dry matter weight of rice seedlings were mainly governed by dominant effects of genes, secondarily by additive effects of genes. As the ability of rice tolerance to Zn deficiency was closely related to these agronomic traits, zinc efficiency in rice was mainly governed by dominant effects of genes, secondarily by additive effects of genes, and might be influenced by its epistatic effects of genes.
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杨肖娥, R. Hajiboland, X. E.Yang, & V. R
Plant and Soil 250: 349-357, 2003.,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
A range of Zn efficient and inefficient genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum durum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.) were investigated to examine shoot and root growth response to bicarbonate and high pH at different Zn levels. The treatment of bicarbonate was 10 mM as NaHCO3, high pHwas 8.0 buffered with HEPES, and three Zn levels included without addition of Zn (deficient Zn), with 0.5 and 1.0 μMZn (moderate Zn), and 1.5 and 3.5μM (high Zn) for rice and wheat or rye, respectively. For rice, shoot and root growth of Zn-inefficient genotypes was strongly inhibited, whereas root length of Zn-efficient genotypes was considerably enhanced by bicarbonate. High pH had much less effect on reduced root growth of the Zn-inefficient rice genotypes and enhanced root length of the Zn-efficient genotypes, as compared with bicarbonate. Responses of plants to bicarbonate at different Zn levels showed that under deficient ormoderate Zn supply conditions, root dry weight and length were significantly increased for the Zn-efficient rice genotypes, but were decreased for the Zn-inefficient rice genotypes grown with bicarbonate. At high Zn supply, however, root elongation of the Zn-efficient rice genotypes and of the Zn-inefficient genotypes was enhanced. In contrast to rice, either bicarbonate or high pH had little effects on shoot and root growth for all the Zn-efficient and Zn-inefficient wheat genotypes except for Dagdas (Zn-efficient) at moderate Zn levels. Decreased root growth due to bicarbonate treatment was observed only in the Zn-efficient rye. Root lengths of all the wheat and rye genotypes except for Kunduru (Zn-inefficient) were reduced by high pH but not affected by bicarbonate. At deficient Zn levels, shoot growth was reduced by bicarbonate for both Zn-efficient rye and inefficient wheat genotypes. Root lengths was reduced due to bicarbonate for the Zn-inefficient wheat genotype at deficient and high Zn, but not at moderate Zn levels. The results imply that Zn efficiency in rice is closely associated with plant tolerance to bicarbonate relative to root growth, and bicarbonate tolerance and Zn efficiency might be developed simultaneously in lowland rice.
genotypic difference,, rice,, root length,, rye,, wheat,, Zn efficiency
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杨肖娥, 龙新宪, 叶正钱, 倪吾钟, 石伟勇
植物学报,2002,44(2):152~157,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
采用营养液培养试验,比较研究了4种景天属植物对Zn的吸收、积累和运输特性。结果表明,东南景天(Sedum alfredii Hance)耐Zn毒的能力远强于珠芽景天(S. sarmentosum Bunge)、凹叶景天(S. bulbiferum Makino)和垂盆草(S. emarginatum Migo),其地上部和根系的干物质产量随着Zn浓度的增加而逐渐减少;当浓度≤40mg·L-1时,东南景天的地上部和根系的干物质产量均随Zn浓度的增加而增加,其地上部Zn含量、积累量及其Zn运输速率均显著高于珠芽景天、凹叶景天和垂盆草;当Zn浓度低于80mg·L-1时,东南景天地上部zⅡ含量随着营养液中Zn浓度的增加而增加,在80Ⅲg‘L。。浓度,其地上部zⅡ含量高达19.09mg·g-1。东南景天的地上部zⅡ含量/根系Zn含量的比值大于1,而株芽景天、凹叶景天和垂盆草的地上部Zn含量/根系Zn含量比值小于1。东南景天是在我国首次发现的具有生物量大、生长速率快的一种新的Zn超积累植物。
锌, 耐性, 超积累
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杨肖娥, X.E. Yang, , X.X. Long, H.B. Ye, Z.L.He, D.V. Calvert & P.J. Stoffella
Plant and Soil 259: 181-189, 2004.,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Sedum alfredii Hance has been identified as a new zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulating plant species. In this study, the effects of cadmium (Cd) supply levels (control, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 μmol Cd L−1) on the growth and cadmium accumulation and Zn supply on Cd accumulation in S. alfredii Hance were studied. The results showed that no reduction in shoot and root dry matter yields were noted when the plants were grown at Cd supply levels up to 200 μmol L−1 in nutrient solution. Slight stimulation on shoot growth was noted at relatively low Cd levels (25 to 100 μmol L−1). Cadmium concentrations in leaves and stems increased with increasing Cd supply levels, and reached a maximum of approximately 9000 and 6500 mg kg−1 (DW) at 400 μmol Cd L−1, respectively. Root Cd concentration increased sharply only at relatively high Cd levels. Cadmium distribution in different parts of the plant was in the order: leaf > stem root. The amount of Cd accumulated in the shoots reached 2.9 and 3.2 mg plant−1 at external Cd levels of 200 and 400 μmol L−1, respectively. The shoot/root Cd ratios were greater than 2 and more than 95% of the total Cd taken up by S. alfredii was translocated to the shoots at the external Cd levels≤200 μmol L−1. The concentrations of P, Ca, Mg, B, Fe, Mn, Cu, and in the shoots and roots were influenced differentially by Cd treatments. High Zn supply (500μmol L−1) enhanced Cd concentrations in the leaves and stems at the Cd levels≤100μmol L−1, and root Cd concentration at the Cd levels≤50μmol L−1. These results indicate that S. alfredii has an extraordinary ability to tolerate and hyperaccumulate Cd and this is the first report of the new Cd hyperaccumulator S. alfredii Hance. The finding of Cd/Zn hyperaccumulation in S. alfredii Hance provides an important plant material for understanding the mechanisms of Cd/Zn co-hyperaccumulation and for phytoremediation of the heavy metal contaminated soils.
cadmium,, distribution,, hyperaccumulation,, tolerance,, Sedum alfredii,, Zn-Cd interaction
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杨肖娥
Published in Journal of Plant Nutrition, Volume 26, Issue 2,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Effects of bicarbonate (10 mM as NaHCO3) and high pH (pH 8 buffered with HEPES) separately on root growth and accumulation of organic acids in the roots of zinc (Zn)-efficient (IR36) and Zn-inefficient (IR26) rice genotypes (Oriza sativa L.) were investigated in this study. The results indicated that shoot dry matter yields were decreased more by bicarbonate than by high pH for the Zn-inefficient genotype, but not affected for the Zn-efficient genotype. Root dry weights, especially root length, was significantly decreased by bicarbonate and high pH treatments for the Zn-inefficient genotype, whereas was considerably enhanced by only bicarbonate treatment for the Zn-efficient rice genotype. The reduction in root growth of the Zn-inefficient rice genotype and the enhancement of root length in the Zn-efficient genotype were greater when plants grown with bicarbonate than with high pH treatment. Accumulation of malate, citrate, and fumarate in roots of the two genotypes increased considerably due to both high pH and bicarbonate treatments, but to a greater extent for the Zn-inefficient than for the Zn-efficient cultivars. After an 8-day treatment, more organic acids accumulated in the roots of the Zn-inefficient genotype (IR26) when plants grown with bicarbonate than at high pH, but this was not the case for the Zn-efficient genotype. The influence of root growth by bicarbonate appeared to be one of the major factors for the sensitivity of rice genotypes to Zn deficiency in calcareous soils. The greater inhibitory effect of bicarbonate than high pH on root growth of the Zn-inefficient genotype might result from an excessive accumulation and inefficient compartmentation of organic acids, particularly citrate and malate, in the root cells.
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