张湘义
长期从事纳米晶材料、非晶材料及其高压下的相转变、复杂有序固体中原子缺陷等研究工作。
个性化签名
- 姓名:张湘义
- 目前身份:
- 担任导师情况:
- 学位:
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学术头衔:
博士生导师, 教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”入选者, 优秀教师/优秀教育工作者
- 职称:-
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学科领域:
材料科学基础学科
- 研究兴趣:长期从事纳米晶材料、非晶材料及其高压下的相转变、复杂有序固体中原子缺陷等研究工作。
张湘义现任燕山大学材料科学与工程学院教授、博士生导师、德国洪堡学者,入选教育部 “新世纪优秀人才支持计划”、“优秀青年教师资助计划”和“高等学校骨干教师资助计划”。长期从事纳米晶材料、非晶材料及其高压下的相转变、复杂有序固体中原子缺陷等研究工作,取得了多方面创新性成果。
采用高温X射线衍射原位研究技术,测定了纳米晶复相永磁材料中软磁-Fe相的成核激活能(En=3.0 eV)和生长激活能(Eg=1.8 eV)。Eg/En<1,表明-Fe纳米晶难成核,易长大。这项成果揭示出软磁-Fe相晶粒粗大的根源,为控制其晶粒尺寸提供了明确的思路。据此,利用高压能提高晶体成核率并降低其生长速率的特点来控制SmFeSiC非晶合金晶化过程中软、硬磁纳米晶的成核和生长,成功地制备出晶粒尺寸 10 nm、最大磁能积为25 MGOe的纳米晶复相永磁材料,并发现高压能改变纳米晶的相选择,提出了Sm2Fe17型晶体成核的压力诱导机制。
采用正电子湮没测量技术,在纳米晶复相永磁材料中发现纳米晶的界面处存在较大尺寸的结构自由体积(1-2个铁原子空位)并富集非磁性原子,这不利于合金剩磁的增强和矫顽力的提高。据此,提出了通过控制纳米晶界面处结构自由体积的形成和非磁性原子的偏聚来提高磁能积的新思路,并从实验上初步证实了这一观点。采用控制熔体凝固技术在-Fe纳米晶体中形成了{110}织构,在较高冷却速率下利用该织构成功地诱导了Nd2Fe14B纳米晶体的取向生长,从而制备出具有一定晶体织构且晶粒细小(d=14-16 nm)的-Fe/Nd2Fe14B复相纳米晶材料。
揭示了-Fe(Si)纳米晶的DO3有序化规律,并提出有序化机制-有序畴的成核和生长。通过深入研究FeCuMSiB( M=Nb,Mo,W )纳米晶合金的起始磁导率与微结构之间的关系,提出了界面残余非晶相也是影响合金磁性能的一个重要因素的新观点。
提出了根据热空位周围的原子化学环境来确定复杂有序固体中热空位形成位置的思想,并建立了相应的实验测定方法。以MoSi2有序金属间化合物为研究对象,采用该方法成功地测定出它的热空位在Si亚点阵上形成,与理论计算结果相一致。采用低温高能电子辐照技术,通过控制辐照能量,在MoSi2的不同亚点阵上选择性地引进了原子空位,并根据这些空位周围的原子化学环境确定出它们所在的位置。这些成果对深入研究和控制复杂固体在高温下的原子输运、有序和无序转变等具有重要的意义。
在Phys. Rev. Lett.、Adv. Mater.、Phys. Rev. B以及Appl. Phys. Lett.等刊物上发表论文107篇,论文被SCI收录63篇,被他人SCI文章引用190次。
上述成果获中国科学院自然科学二等奖、机械工业局科技进步一等奖和教育部科技进步二等奖各一项。自1988年以来,主持和参加了20余项国家级和省、部级以及国际合作科研项目。其中,承担国际合作项目1项,国家自然科学基金3项、教育部人才专项基金3项(新世纪优秀人才支持计划、优秀青年教师资助计划、高等学校骨干教师资助计划。)。
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16
【期刊论文】Nanocomposite Magnets and their Preparation under High Pressure**
张湘义, By Xiangyi Zhang
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2001, 3, No. 7,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
This article reports current studies on nanocomposite magnets and a newly developed route for their preparation, known as crystallization of amorphous alloy under high pressure (CAAHP). The micro-structure and magnetic properties of nanocomposite magnets prepared by CAAHP are presented, and the influences of pressure on the microstructures Of the magnets are discussed, α-Fe/Sm2(Fe,Si)17Cx nanocomposite magnets with a grain size <10 nm have been successfully prepared by CAAHP, and a maximum energy product of about 25 MGOe is obtained.
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张湘义, W. Li, X. H. Li, H. Y. Sun, J. W. Zhang, and X. Y. Zhanga)
APPLIED PHYSTCS LETIERS 86, 092501 (2005),-0001,():
-1年11月30日
For a detailed understanding of formation processes of nanocrystals in an amorphous matrix, the study of crystal nucleation and growth processes is of basic interest. In the present study, these processes of a-Fe nanocrystals in amorphous NdFeCoDyB have been studied separately by employing in situ high-temperature x-ray diffraction measurements. A small growth activation energy Eg=s1.8
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【期刊论文】Well-Aligned Boron Nanowire Arrays**
张湘义, By Limin Cao, * Ze Zhang, Liling Sun, Cunxiao Gao, Meng He, Yiqian Wang, Yancun Li, Xiangyi Zhang, Gong Li, Jun Zhang, and Wenkui Wang
J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 84, No.4, 15 August 1998,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
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【期刊论文】Template-catalyst-free growth of highly ordered boron nanowire arrays
张湘义, L. M. Cao, a) K. Hahn, C. Scheu, and M. Ruhle; Y. Q. Wang and Z. Zhang; C. X. Gao, Y. C. Li, X. Y. Zhang, M. He, L. L. Sun, and W. K. Wang
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS VOLUME 80, NUMBER 22, 3 JUNE 2002,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Well-aligned boron nanowire arrays were grown vertically on silicon substrates over areas up toseveral tens of square centimeters using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering of highly pure boron.During growth and self-assembly of boron nanowire arrays, no template or catalyst was needed. Themorphology, structure, and composition of the self-organized boron nanowires were characterized indetail using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electronenergy-loss spectroscopy. Our results might provide insight into the controllable formation of a widevariety of ordered nanostructures with advanced properties.
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【期刊论文】Featherlike Boron Nanowires Arranged in Large-Scale Arrays with Multiple Nanojunctions**
张湘义, By Limin Cao, * Kersten Hahn, Yiqian Wang, Christina Scheu, Ze Zhang, Cunxiao Gao, Yancun Li, Xiangyi Zhang, LUing Sun, Wenkui Wang, and Manfred Riihle
Adv. Mater. 2000, 14, No.18, October 16,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
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【期刊论文】Interdiffusion in Ni80Fe20yMo magnetic multilayers preparedby magnetron sputtering
张湘义, X. Y. Zhang, Y. F. Xu, M. L. Yan, L. M. Chao, M. Zhang, and J. H. Zhao, W. Y. Lai, W. K. Wang
J. Mater. Res., Vol. 14, No. 3, Mar 1999,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
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张湘义, X. Y. Zhang, F. X. Zhang, J. W. Zhang, W. Yu, M. Zhang, J. H. Zhao, R. P. Liu, and Y. F. Xu, W. K. Wanga
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS VOLUME 84, NUMBER 4, 15 AUGUST 1998,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Amorphous Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13. 5B9 alloys, prepared by a melt-spinning technique, were annealed at atemperature of 823 K under pressures in the range of 1-5 GPa and ambient pressure. The highpressure experiments were carried out in a belt-type pressure apparatus. The microstructure of theannealed alloys has been investigated by x-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, and transmissionelectron microscopy. Experimental results show that the initial crystalline phase in these annealedalloys is a-Fe solid solution named as a-Fe phase below, and high pressure has a great influenceon the crystallization process of the a-Fe phase. The grain size of the a-Fe phase decreases with theincrease of pressure (P). The volume fraction of the a-Fe phase increases with increasing thepressure as the pressure is below 2 GPa, and then decreases (P.2 GPa). The mechanism for theeffects of the high pressure on the crystallization process of amorphous Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloyand latent applications of high-pressure annealing amorphous Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy have beendiscussed.
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【期刊论文】Crystallization kinetics of amorphous Sm8Fe85Si2C5 alloy
张湘义, X. Y. Zhang, a) K. Q. Zhang, J. H. Liu, Y. Guan, and J. W. Zhang
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS VOLUME 89, NUMBER 1, 1 JANUARY 2001,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The crystallization kinetics of amorphous Sm8Fe85Si2C5 alloy has been investigated. As the alloy isheated to 900℃, the crystalline phases of the alloy are composed of a-Fe phase andSm2Fe, Si17Cx. At the beginning of crystallization the activation energy of the a-Fe phase is about425kJ/mol, it remains relatively constant as the crystallized fraction of the a-Fe phase is below70%, and then it declines with increasing the crystallized fraction. When the crystallized fraction ofthe Sm2Fe, Si17Cx is below 50%, the activation energy of crystallization of the phase remainsbetween 518 and 530kJ/mol, and then decreases with the crystallized fraction. The crystallizationbehavior of the a-Fe phase and Sm2Fe, Si17Cx essentially results in the formation of ana-Fe/Sm2Fe, Si17Cx composite microstructure with a coarse grain size in annealed Sm8Fe85Si2C5alloy, which is attributed to a difficult nucleation and an easy growth for both the a-Fe phase andSm2Fe, Si17Cx in the alloy. Cu and Nb can be used to change the crystallization behavior of thea-Fe phase in the amorphous Sm8Fe85Si2C5 alloy, which is helpful to the formation of thea-Fe/Sm2Fe, Si17Cx nanocomposite microstructure with a fine grain size for the a-Fe phase in thealloy.
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张湘义, X. Y. Zhang, a) Y. Guan, and J. W. Zhang
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS VOLUME 92, NUMBER 11, 1 DECEMBER 2002,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The interfacial structure of a2Fe/Sm2 (Fe, Si)17Cx nanocomposites prepared by the annealing ofamorphous Sm8Fe85Si2C5 has been investigated by positron lifetime spectroscopy. Results show thatthere are two kinds of interface structures in the a2Fe/Sm2 (Fe,Si)17Cx nanocomposites prepared at750℃. One characterized by a positron lifetime of 153 ps is determined to be the interfacialamorphous layer. The other has a loosely packed atomic structure in which structural free volumeshave a larger size than that of one or two lattice vacancies of Fe. The volume fraction of the formerdecreases with increasing annealing temperature, and only the interface structure with vacancy-sizedfree volumes is detected after annealing at temperatures T950℃. The loosely packed interfacestructure is believed to weaken the magnetic exchange coupling between the a-Fe andSm2Fe,Si17Cx grains in the nanocomposites.
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【期刊论文】A Novel Route for the Preparation ofNanocomposite Magnets**
张湘义, By Xiangyi Zhang, * Jinwu Zhang, and Wenkui Wang
Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, No.19, October 2,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
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