利用加热单元和单元进水系数的概念，经过详细的理论分析和数学推导，提出了压水堆二回路各级抽汽的热功转换系数，利用该系数得出了压水堆二回路的热力系统经济性诊断的定量数学模型，并通过实例计算验证了本文所提出方法的准确性

The objective of this work is to analyze the performance of steam-driven jet injector for its design and application in the district-heating system. The paper experimentally studied the performance of a steam-driven jet injector with central steam nozzle configuration. Three injectors with throat diameters of 16 and 20mm were tested. The main inlet parameters tested-steam pressure, water pressure and water temperature-were in the range of 0.20-0.60MPa, 0.14-0.49MPa and 18-68C, respectively. Experimental results show that the pressures were almost constant for the steam-water two-phase flow in the variable section channel of the mixing chamber tested, whose values were mainly affected by inlet steam pressure, inlet water pressure and temperature, and a shockwave appeared at the outlet of the mixing chamber. The lifting-pressure coefficient and jet coefficient measured were 1.27-2.1 and 7.63-43.65, respectively. A simplified mathematical model has been developed to predict the performance of the injector based on conservation of mass, momentum and energy as well as the present experimental data. The predictions agreed with the experimental data within

A brass block was constructed as a test block to study the Marangoni condensation in this paper. The maximal temperature difference of the block surface on which pure steam condensed was 11℃ when the block was cooled by the normal temperature water. Regulations and modes of Marangoni condensation for mixture vapor with different mass fractions were studied when the speed of vapor was 0.3m/s. As both temperature gradients and concentration gradients exist on the condensing surface, the experimental results indicate that the maximal heat transfer coefficient of mixture vapor can be 2.8 times that of pure steam when the Marangoni condensation of mixture vapor appears. The heat transfer coefficient of mixture vapor increases with the decrease of surface subcooling, and it appears a steep increase when the surface subcooling is small enough; the heat transfer flux has a maximum value as the surface subcooling rises; and the different modes of condensation are confirmed when the different ethanol concentration and different surface subcooling exist.

本文针对超音速汽液两相流在变截面通道中的升压过程进行了实验研究，得到了变截面混合腔中超音速汽液两相流的压力变化规律，通过实验结果的分析得出了变截面混合腔中的渐缩部分的压力分布与出口压力无关、变截面通道的渐扩部分为一个单相流体扩压管、压力突变发生在变截面混合腔喉部和随着出口压力升高而激波强度增大、变截面超音速汽液两相流升压技术具有定流量特征等结论。

根据质量、动量、能量守恒方程建立了变截面通道内超音速汽液两相流升压装置的极限升压能力计算数学模型。计算及研究表明：极限升压能力随变截面混合腔喉部直径、被升压的低压水流量和蒸汽喷嘴压比增加而降低，随环形水喷嘴间隙的变化出现了最小值；计算得出变截面超音速汽液两相流装置的极限升压能力可达26；在设计升压装置时应尽可能选取较大的蒸汽喷嘴压比和较小的环形水喷嘴间隙。同时给出了变截面混合腔喉部直径的设计原则。研究结果对变截面通道内超音速汽液两相流升压技术的应用有重要意义。

根据不同地区供暖系统对供回水温差的要求绘制出了最小供回水温差曲线，发现随着室外计算温度的升高，供回水最小温差由6.37℃逐渐增大至14.13℃；某一确定地区供暖系统供回水温差随着室外温度的升高而降低。当现有超音速汽液两相流升压装置应用于供暖系统时针对其存在不能满足整个供暖期供回水温差要求的问题，提出了采用两级进水对现有升压装置进行性能改进，根据质量、动量和能量守恒方程建立了其升压、加热性能计算数学模型，计算并分析了其用于供暖系统的性能。研究与计算结果表明：当进汽压力在0.3～0.6Mpa之间变化时，两级进水超音速汽液两相流升压装置的供水压力高于0.4Mpa供回水温差在14～25℃之间，满足供暖系统的要求。

针对热电联产压水堆核电机组采用新蒸汽再热和对外供应两种不等价的能量——热能和电能的特点，利用二回路热力系统回热加热器抽汽效率和等效热降理论，通过理论分析和数学推导，建立了热电联产压水堆二回路热力系统局部变化的经济性定量计算数学模型，进而研究了各种供热抽汽返回水方式对经济性影响的诊断模型，旨在形成一套概念清晰、计算简捷、使用方便的热电联产压水堆核电机组二回路热力系统的经济性定量诊断方法。最后通过2个实例计算证明了该理论模型和诊断方法的准确、可靠、简捷性。该研究结果对压水堆核电机组二回路热力系统节能和优化设计具有重要意义。

提出了一种热电厂负荷分配的新方法——将供热机组的热耗分解为热化发电部分和凝汽发电部分，从而将热电厂负荷的分配简化成为热负荷和电负荷两种相对独立的分配。并给出了该分配方法的具体内容和应用实例。

从供热机组的经济指标着手，提出了一个转换系数λ，使复杂繁琐的供热机组热力系统经济性分析彻底转化成了凝汽机组的分析，从而有效地统一了供热机组和凝汽机组的经济性诊断方法。

该文针对二次再热超临界机组采用了二次再热和高低压加热器叫热抽汽均设有外置蒸汽冷却器进行过热度跨级利用的特点，基于等热降理论，经过严格的理论分析和数学推导，得出了加热器名义和真实抽汽等效热降及抽汽效率的计算方法．给出了二次冉热超临界机热力系统经济性的局部定量分析法则，形成了一套完整的经济性定量计算方法。利用该模型仪用3个公式即可以方便、快捷、准确地计算山热力系统发生局部调整和变化时机组经济性指标的变化，为此类机组的经济分析和节能诊断提供了一种简捷、准确的定量方法。并通过实例计算验证了该模型的可行性和准确性