赵萌莉
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- 姓名:赵萌莉
- 目前身份:
- 担任导师情况:
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学术头衔:
博士生导师
- 职称:-
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学科领域:
海洋化学
- 研究兴趣:
赵萌莉,女,教授,博士生导师。1986、1991年内蒙古农牧学院草原系本科、硕士研究生毕业,获农学学士、硕士学位;2000年厦门大学生命科学院植物专业毕业,获理学博士学位,导师林鹏院士;2001年赴加拿大从事博士后研究工作,导师为Walter D. Willms 博士。现为中国草学会会员,2003年被选为国际草原会议连续委员会委员,2004年被选为北美草地管理协会《草地生态与管理》杂志领导小组成员,为国家自然科学基金委员会聘为同行评议专家。主持及参加完成国家自然基金项目5项,教育部优秀青年骨干教师奖励计划项目等国家及自治区基金5项,参加农业部农业科技跨越项目各1项,国家和自治区级项目3项以及中国―加拿大“生物多样性保护与社区发展项目”和“内蒙古可持续农业发展项目”,中―美“草地可持续标准与指标的研究”等国际合作项目3项。发表学术论文40余篇,出版专著3部。
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赵萌莉, 韩冰, 张海龙, 郑浩, 索培芬
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-1年11月30日
通过形态和蛋白质电泳,对内蒙古8个不同分布地区的克氏针茅群体的种子形态及种子蛋白进行研究,结果表明:克氏针茅群体间在芒柱,种子长,种子直径上存在着一定的差异,有的差异极显著。群体形态变异与其地理分布,特别是种子直径变化与地理位置有一定关系,即由东向西随降雨量减少和热量增加,种子直径增加。不同群体的种子蛋白分析结果表明,不同分布地区克氏针茅群体种子蛋白多态位点比率为14.28—50.00%,说明克氏针茅群体具有丰富的多态性,聚类结果表明8 个群体可明显的聚为两类,但与其分布地区的环境条件无相关性,可见地理环境条件对克氏针茅种子蛋白多态性的影响不明显。
克氏针茅, 形态特征, 种子蛋白, 群体变异
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赵萌莉, 张红梅, , 赵萌莉*, 李青丰, 韩冰, 杨洁, 潘林瑞
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-1年11月30日
大针茅(Stipa grandis)是我国北方典型草原上最重要的饲用植物之一,分布广,数量大,是优势种之一。本研究应用RAPD 技术检测大针茅植物不同放牧压力下群体的遗传多样性,探索放牧强度与遗传分化的相互联系。在放牧和对照群体中,利用18个有效引物共获得了129个位点,其中多态性位点为105个,占81.40%,说明个体发生较高的遗传变异。两个群体都具有特异性位点,说明放牧压力导致某些位点发生了变化,但遗传变异主要存在于群体内(遗传一致度为90.43%)。
大针茅RAPD 遗传多样性(3-5个)
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【期刊论文】达里诺尔国家级自然保护区天然草地利用现状与畜牧业可持续发展
赵萌莉, 宋丽军, 韩国苍
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-1年11月30日
达里诺尔自然保护区位于内蒙古自治区赤峰市克什克腾旗西部,是一个以保护珍惜鸟类及其赖以生存的栖息环境——湖泊、湿地、草地及林地等多样性的生态系统为主要对象的综合自然保护区。保护区内天然草地面积54,446h ㎡,占保护区面积的45.65%,是保护区内主要的植被类型,也是众多野生动物的栖息场所。由于长期的不合理利用,目前保护区内70%的草地退化严重,为改变这一现状,必须采取天然草地合理利用与改良、饲草料栽培加工、引进良种、牲畜冬季舍饲、农牧民培训等一系列措施,使保护区内的草地得到合理的利用,畜牧业生产走上可持续发展的健康之路.
自然保护区, 天然草地, 可持续发展
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【期刊论文】草地达里诺尔自然保护区草地利用单元划分1草地达里诺尔自然保护区草地利用单元划分1
赵萌莉, 高安社, , 郑淑华, 韩国栋
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-1年11月30日
在草地资源调查的基础上,根据土壤性质、植被特征,从生产性、生态区域性、保护与演替方向的一致性出发,将达里诺尔自然保护区主要天然草地划分为栗钙土—湖积平原根茎禾草草地利用单元、暗栗钙土—湖积平原根茎禾草草地利用单元、草甸土—草甸草地利用单元、盐化草甸黑钙土—草地利用单元和石灰性黑钙土—草地利用单元。同时对其各自的土壤和植被特征进行描述,以期在合理利用保护区草地资源的生产实践中和借鉴。
土壤, 植被, 草地利用单元, 草地利用单元划分
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赵萌莉, 张红梅, 李青丰, 韩冰, 索培芬
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
大针茅(Stipa grandis)是我国北方典型草原上最重要的饲用植物之一,分布广,数量大,是优势种之一。本研究应用RAPD 技术检测大针茅植物不同群体的遗传多样性及其分布,探索生态因子与遗传分化的相互联系。在大针茅不同分布点7个群体中,利用16个有效引物共获得了134 条谱带,其中多态性谱带为120条,占89.55%,说明个体发生较高的遗传变异。7个大针茅群体遗传变异大部分存在于群体内(58.66%),只有少部分的遗传变异存在于群体之间(41.34%)7个群体的特异性位点与其地理分布范围相关。
大针茅, RAPD, 遗传多样性, 生态分化
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赵萌莉, 韩冰, 张红梅, 李青丰, 许志信
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
短花针茅荒漠草原广泛分布于我国北部及蒙古、俄罗斯境内,在内蒙古有较集中的分布区域。作为该类草地建群种的短花针茅在维持草地生态平衡和草地畜牧业生产上起着十分重要的作用。近年来,由于不合理的利用,大面积的草地出现不同程度的退化。本研究通过形态及RAPD分子标记,分析了过度放牧及正常放牧条件下的短花针茅种群的变异,形态分析结果表明:过度放牧导致植株分丛增加、植株变矮、营养枝增加而生殖枝减少,种子产量降低;但RAPD分析表明:正常放牧草地与过度利用草地间在遗传上并未有明显的变异,只是基因频率的差别。说明牧压条件下短花针茅的形态变异是植物对长期过度放牧的响应,虽然植物的结构功能发生了变化,但其遗传上并未改变。因此,在放牧压力移去后,草地有恢复到原生植被的潜能。
短花针茅, 过度放牧, 形态及遗传变异
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【期刊论文】Reducing Grazing Pressure on the Grassland And Maintaining/Increasing Farm Incomes
赵萌莉, Mengli Zhao, , Bazil Fritz
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-1年11月30日
Inner Mongolia is facing a monumental challenge given that the objectives addressed in this paper are in apparent conflict with each other. On one hand the herders understand that increased returns from livestock production are an obvious means to increase their farm incomes, and traditionally the way to accomplish this has been through increasing numbers of animals. On the other hand, we know that increasing livestock numbers accelerates the deterioration of the grassland and jeopardizes livestock productivity due to limited available feed supplies. Working with farmers/herders to find acceptable ways to take grazing pressure off the grassland and increase farm incomes has been part of the work done under the China/Canada Sustainable Agriculture Development Project in co-operation with the Agriteam Biodiversity Protection and Community Development Program. The overall objective of the program is to transfer Canada’s experience and successes with reclaiming seriously degraded soils back to a healthy and productive state, approaching its former and full biodiversity potential. The initial step in moving toward the goal of full reclamation was to first recognize the seriousness and gravity of the problem followed by a commitment and willingness to make fundamental changes to the way of managing and working the land. In the Inner Mongolian grasslands it will mean, a) taking grazing pressure off the grassland by reducing livestock numbers (reverse the practice that is causing the problem) and b) implementing a sustainable grassland management program or reclamation program where required. In cases of very serious degradation, the solution could be total grazing rest for an extended recovery time or it could involve reclamation by reseeding of forages followed by good, sustainable grass management. A grassland assessment and monitoring program will assist in determining how drastic the livestock reduction program should be. The bottom line is, if we do not take drastic and corrective measures while we still have limited options for use, the situation will quickly further deteriorate, to where the only alternative remaining is to cease all use and take serious reclamation action, followed by years of rehabilitation, all without return. Fortunately, in many instances we still have options in Inner Mongolia, but we must act now. The Sustainable Agricultural Project promotes a complimentary range management program with a carefully managed animal production program. The range program consists of a planned and limited use of the grassland combined with a livestock program of maintaining income with fewer, but more productive animals. The goal is that such a program, with a dual emphasis works synergistically to meet both objectives of a healthier more productive rangeland while holding livestock income at a manageable level.
grazing, grassland, incoming
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【期刊论文】草地基况(Range condition)及其评价方法1
赵萌莉, 郑淑华, 珊丹, 王晓宇, 潘林瑞, 韩国栋
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
草地基况通常用当前顶级或原始植被来定义,作为草地的一个描述性术语,已有半个世纪的历史。本文主要介绍了草地基况的概念、评价指标及其评价方法。目的是通过对草地进行基况评价来了解草地的发展动态,为确定正确的草地经营管理目标提供理论依据,确保草地生态系统能在其动态平衡中进行物质循环、能量流动和信息传递,为草地在利用过程中实现其经济价值、生态价值和社会价值奠定基础,最终使草地实现可持续发展。
草地基况, 草地基况评价, 草地基况等级
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【期刊论文】An assessment of variation in Idaho fescue [Festuca idahoensis (Elmer)] in southern Alberta
赵萌莉, K. W. May, W. D. Willms, , Z. Mengli, and T. J. Lysyk
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis Elmer) is a native grass species that has attracted interest for use in revegetation, reclamation and other applications. However, there is a serious shortage of commercially available seed and concern that germplasm used will not be adapted to the site. A component of adaptation is genetic variability that allows a species to occupy a greater range of environments. Field trials were conducted in southern Alberta to determine the genetic variability of phenotypic and performance characteristics among genotypes of Idaho fescue. Since grazing pressure may contribute to genetic selection and may therefore affect the variability within a population, we also compared genotypes taken from a heavily grazed paddock with those taken from a lightly grazed paddock. Forty-nine genotypes from three populations were randomly sampled in 1992, propagated vegetatively to produce plants for replicated trials and planted in four locations in 1993. Nine plant characteristics were observed from 1993 to 1997. Since the genotypes were grown in common environments, variation among them was assumed to be caused by genetic differences. All variables were affected (P<0.05) by population, test location and year, while the effect of population was also influenced by test location and year for a few variables. While the Idaho fescue plants expressed differences (P<0.05) among populations for all selected traits, they displayed considerable overlap in the range of values for all variables both within and among test locations. Therefore, while the populations may be different, individuals within populations exhibit common attributes over a large range. This suggests that sufficient genetic variability exists in all populations to allow successful establishment over a large range of environmental variability. Results from a secondary test suggest that selection pressure, induced by grazing, resulted in genotypes that were smaller in crown circumference, had less spring vigor, had shorter flowering tillers and produced less seed. However, this observation needs further validation with a more robust test.
Morphology, genotypes, seed yield, winter kill, grazing response
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赵萌莉, Z. Mengli, W. D. Willms, , H. Bing, and A. Laroche
,-0001,():
-1年11月30日
The Fescue Grassland is found in the western portion of the Northern Great Plains in Canada. Grazing and cultivation threaten this grassland and a better understanding of its character is needed to preserve its integrity. Mountain rough fescue is highly sensitive to grazing during the growing season, which results in smaller plants and the death of some. The death of plants suggests the potential loss of genetic diversity. Therefore, we compared the genetic diversity of mountain rough fescue plants from sites that had been either heavily grazed or ungrazed by livestock for 52 yr in south western Alberta (50
RAPD frequency, F-statistics, genetic identity, genetic distance, gene flow
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