Hydrophobic organic-inorganic silica hybrid films were prepared by means of a two-step acid-catalyzed methodand sol-gel process using surfactant as template. Methyltriethoxysilane(MTES) and tetraethoxysilane(TEOS) wereco-hydrolyzed in different molar ration and were used as precursors. Addition MTES in TEOS precursors produces adecrease of Si-OH and Si-O- surface content. The infrared spectra of the films thus obtained indicated that they becomehydrophobic with the introduction of the methyl groups. Contact angle instrument was also used to supplement the result.Contact angle values for hydrophobic hybrid films are greater than120 degree. The refractive indices and thickness ofhydrophobic hybrid films are about 1.22-1.24 and about 270-300nm The Optical transmittance spectra and mechanicalintensity measurement results showed that the films have good optical and mechanical properties.

The influence of lithium intercalation on the optical absorption of vanadium pentoxide films is reported in this paper. Thin films wereprepared by thermal evaporation followed by annealing in air. Lithium was inserted electrochemically so that LixV2O5 (0≤x≤0.54) wasobtained. The pristine and lithium inserted films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical spectroscopy, and ellipsometry. Theoptical absorption coefficient was calculated from measured normal transmittance and reflectance spectra. XRD analysis has shown that theas-grown V2O5 films were amorphous, becoming microcrystal after annealing at 350℃. The optical absorption spectra of all the samplesexhibited two distinct regions of behavior: at high-energy where (ahm)1/2 varied linearly with the photonic energy hm, and a low-energy tail.The blue shift of the optical absorption edge is attributed to the Fermi level going into the conduction band after lithium insertion, and therelation between the change of the optical gap and the inserted electron concentration is interpreted in terms of a Burstein-Moss shift. Theresults confirm that the anodic electrochromism of V2O5 thin films is due to the blue shift of the absorption edge, and the near-infraredcathodic electrochromism arises from absorption of small polarons in V205.

在溶胶-凝胶基础上，采用碱酸两步法和浸渍镀膜技术制备出纳米多孔SiO2薄膜，并将该薄膜在空气和氨气与水蒸气的混合气体中热处理。使用透射电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、傅立叶红外光谱仪、椭偏仪、分光光度计等分析了薄膜的特性。实验结果表明：采用碱!酸两步催化法能够明显提高纳米多孔SiO2光学增透薄膜的力学特性，混合气体中的热处理又使其力学性能得到进一步改善。薄膜耐磨等力学性能增强归因于SiO2颗粒间更多的化学键合。在力学性能增强的同时，薄膜折射率仍保持约1.24的较低值，光学增透效果良好，透射率≥99.5%。

Vanadium pentoxide films were prepared by evaporation followed by annealing posttreat-ment in 02 atmosphere. Lithium was inserted electrochemically from an electrolyde into vana-dium pentoxide films so that Li, V205 was formed. The structure of the posttreated sampleswas determined by XRD and infrared reflectance was measured by FTIR for as-grown andlithiated films, respectively. The experimental results have shown that V2Os thin films havesome infrared absorption peaks located at 982, 824, 527 and 504cm-1, and the infrared vibra-tion bands corresponding to the peaks have a good agreement with the analysis by Abello et al.for polycrystaliine V205, and there is a obvious influence of lithium insertion on the infraredvibration properties which may be reconciled with the lattice change such as expansion andcontraction.

When designing a cut-off interference filter, extra layers are needed to add on each side of periodicsymmetrical multilayer to match the incident medium and the substrate. In this paper, we use sol-gel film withadjustable refractive index as the match layer. The influence of the refractive index and thickness of the matchlayer on the film system is discussed in detail. As an example, a special filter which is transparent (>80%) at thewavelength 3-5μm and high reflective (>90%) at the wavelength 1.3μm is designed. Finally a series of optimizedfilm parameters are presented. The whole design process is a good reference to the other multilayer special filtermade by sol-gel process.

gel materials has received much significant attention recently as it can be used as highly promising cathodic materials for Li-ionbatteries. A novel kind of V2O5 aerogel materials, ambient dried V2O5 aerogel films were reported in this paper. The films were deposited by thedip-coating method and dipped into acetone and cyclohexane by turn to exchange the solvent in the films. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-raydiffraction topography (XRD), ellipsometry, and electrochemical measurements were employed to characterize the aerogel films. The porosity ofthe aerogel films is 56%, 16% higher than that of the xerogel films when dried at 120℃. The aerogel films have the higher capacity, as well asbetter reversibility than those of the xerogel films. The improvement of the capacity can be ascribed to the increase of porosity as well as the porediameters after the solvent exchange.

Scratch-resistance of sol-gel derived nano porous silica films were studied. The thin films were preparedwith a dip-coating method from both one-step and two-step catalyzed silica sols, and treated in a mixture gas ofammonia andwater vapour afterwards. The thin films were characterized by using Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), ellipsometer, Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscope (FTIR), respectively. Experimental results have shown thatthe two-step catalysis remarkably improves strength of the films, and abrasion-resistance and adhesion of the silicafilms were further increased after the mixture gas treatment. It is attributed to the cross-linking of silica particlesin the sols by randomly branched or/and entangled linear chains and more Si O Si bonds formed by the mixturegas treatment.

A relatively new method to adjust refractive index of nano-porous silica films rapidly and continuously is reported. The thinfilms were prepared with the base:acid two-step catalytic sol-gel process and the dip-coating method. The structure, reflectivespectra and refractive index of the films were analyzed with TEM, AFM, SEM, spectrophotometer, and ellipsometery, respectively. The experimental results have shown that the base: acid two-step catalysis can adjust the refractive index of thenano-porous silica films from 1.18 to 1.42 rapidly and continuously. And a broadband antireflective coating made with themethod has very low reflectance. The average reflectance of the coated glass in the solar energy spectrum decreases to 1.5% from 7% of the glass.

new method to strengthen nano porous broadband anti-reflectance (AR) silica films is described. Silicasols were made from TEOS with a base/acid two-step catalytic process. Properties of silica films deposited witha dip-coat method are characterized with AFM, SEM, spectrophotometer and abrasion test. Experimental resultsshow that the average reflectance ofa glass coated with the nano porous silica films is less than 1% in the visibleregion; and that the two-step catalysis obviously strengthens the films. Finally, the strengthening mechanism ofthe films is discussed.

A strengthening mechanism for sol-gel derived nano-porous silica flms was studied. The silica flms were preparedwith the dip method from two-step catalyzed silica sols and treated in a mixed atmosphere of ammonia and water vaporafterwards. Properties of the flms were analyzed by using atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier-transform infraredspectroscopy (FTIR), ellipsometry and an abrasion test, respectively. The experimental results have shown that the twostepcatalysis strengthens the flms and the scratch resistance of the silica flms is further improved after treatment in themixed gas. The increase in strength is attributed to the cross-linking of silica particles by randomly branched or/andentangled linear chains in the sols, more Si-O-Si bonds formed by the mixed gas treatment and structural changes inthe silica flms.