提出了气液相际传质的推动力来源于界面不平衡的概念. 针对气体吸收过程，以普遍化的化学势推动力方程为基础，导出了在有传质通量存在下的两相界面处的浓度关系，并针对不同情况进行了求解，提出了一个反映液相侧动力学状况的量纲1数，y0越大界面处两相越偏离平衡. 界面浓度是与和液相主体浓度密切相关的，为验证本文模型，作者采用显微激光全息干涉技术对甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇静止吸收CO。时的界面浓度进行了测定，实验结果表明了本文模型的正确性。

The diffusion of amino acids in aqueous solution was investigated experimentally by a holographic interferometric technique where the real-time holographic interference fringes indicating the concentration profiles of the liquid were obtained by an automatic photographing and memorizing program. The reliability of the instrument was verified by the measurement of the diffusion coefficient of KCl and sucrose in aqueous solution at 298.15K. Furthermore, the diffusion coefficients of glycine, L-alanine, L-valine, L-isoleucine, L-serine, L-threonine, and L-arginine in aqueous solution at 298.15K were measured, and the affecting factors of molecular structure and polarity were analyzed and discussed. In addition, on the basis of the Gordon model of the diffusion coefficient in the literature, a new semiempirical model was proposed to predict the liquid diffusion coefficients of amino acids in aqueous solutions. The equation parameters were fitted by the experimental data of seven amino acids in this work and four in the literature.

There are stilllimited experimental data of liquid diffusion coefficients in literature. Therefore, the experimental investigation and prediction model are of practical and theoretical significance. The diffusion coefficients of L_serine, L-threonine, L-arginine, in aqueous solution at 298.15K were measured respectively by holographic interferometer. The affecting factors of molecular structur and polarity were analyzed and discussed. Finally, a modified semi-empirical model for correlating the diffusion coefficients of solid organic compounds in aqueous solutions at 298.15K was proposed with an adjustable parameter added. The average deviation between model prediction values and experimental ones is less than 0.2, which shows a considerably satisfactory accuracy.

A self-developed laser image measurement system was established to study the behavior of bubble formation at a single orifice in non-Newtonian Polyacrylamide (PAAm) solutions. The images of bubbles were captured by a CCD camera and the volumes of bubbles were digitally analyzed on-line. The effects of rheological property of PAAm solution, orifice, reservoir and gas flowrate on the bubble formation were studied experimentally. It is found that the bubble volume increases with the concentration of PAAm solution, the diameter of the orifice and the gas flowrate, respectively, whereas little effect by reservoir is observed in experiments.

利用显微激光全息干涉法研究了第三组分对气泡传质的影响. 第三组分分另选择了几种不同类型的表面活性剂. 结果表明，加入微量的表面活性剂，气泡传质时的近界面浓度将发生显著变化。

The influence of two diferent sturfactants on gas-liquid mass tranefer were studied by using the real-time micro-holographic interference technique, Through direct observation of interfacial turbulence and the measurement of conteentration neat the interface, mechanism on the influence of surfactant on gas-Liquid mass transfer was discussed.

A micro-holographic interferometer of two-wavelength lasers has been designed and constructed. The concentration profiles close to the interface of 1iquid side were successfully measured for multicomponent gas-liquid mass transfer. It was discovered that the measured concentration at fldistance 0.0lmm away from the interface was far from the thermodynamic equilibrium value, and thus flsteep concentration gradient existed near the interface. The turbulent phenomena near the interface during interphase mass transfer were noted by experiment. The turbulent intensity and time were related to the composition and the components of the system to be studied, and also affected by the velocity of each phase. The concentration field near fronta1 interface was different from that of tai1-vortex area for the mass transfer around a bubble.

A concept that the driving force of gas-liquid interphase mass transfer comes from the interfacial non-equilibrium is proposed in this paper. For the absorption process, based on the general chemical potential driving force equation, the concentration relation between two phases at interface is derived and solved under dierent conditions as mass transfer occurs, it shows that the interfacial concentration of absorbed component at liquid side is strongly aected by a Biotnumber YO and is bulk concentration dependent. The CO2 interfacial concentration of liquid side in stationary absorption by pure methanol, ethanol and n-propanol absorbent respectively are measured by the use of micro laser holographic interference technique, the experimental results are in good agreement with the computation.

以Fick定律和不可逆过程热力学为基础，结合文献中对扩散系数预测模型的分析，提出了一个氨基酸在水溶液中扩散系数预测的半经验模型。用实验测定的7种氨基酸在水溶液中的扩散系数和一些文献中的扩散系数数据对模型参数进行了拟和。利用该模型对多种氨基酸及尿素在水溶液中的扩散系数进行了计算，计算值与实验值的平均相对误差均小于0.6%。

针对分散相微粒增强难溶气体的吸收过程，本文提出了一个一维非稳态非均相传质的二区模型，并进行了理论求解。根据表面更新理论，得到了增强因子的数学表达式。利用恒温反应釜，对活性炭/水浆料中发生的CO2吸收过程进行了实验研究，测定了不同颗粒浓度及转速下的增强因子。实验结果与模型预测值吻合良好，表明本文模型具有很高的预测精度。