本文通过研究分析短花针茅草原植物群落地上净生产量、生长季节地上平均生产量与多年降水量和气温的相互关系，指出短花针茅草原近年气温有逐步升高的趋势，降水量的波动成随机性。初级生产力与4—8月的累积降水量有显著的直线回归关系，而与年平均气温、≥50C的年积温没有明显相关关系。

在内蒙古包头市达茂联合旗哈雅教学牧场，采用随机区组法对短花针茅草原在不同刈割时期、次数和高度下的生物量形成规律进行了研究，旨在探索短花针茅草原的合理利用方式，为草原放牧畜牧业生产实践提供理论依据。研究结果表明，短花针茅草原对刈割高度较为敏感，适宜的刈割高度为2cm；短花针茅草原植物生长缓慢，再生能力差，不宜于频繁利用，一年适宜利用1-2次；考虑牧草产量和营养物质含量，一年两次利用的间隔期应为2-3个月；一年一次利用的最佳利用期为8月中旬以后。

Grazing management, forage planting trials and livestock yard feeding were conducted in the desert steppe on during 1984-2001. Grazing experiments with sheep using four stocking rates and two grazing systems were carried out in Stipa breviflora desert steppe of the Inner Mongolia Plateau during 1984-1990. Seven forage varieties: Agropyron mongolicum, Psathyrostachys juncea, Agropyron cristatum, Elymus cylindricus

Valuation of natural resources is the theoretical basis for the monitoring of the conservation and sustainable utilization of them. Travel cost valuation method (TCM) is used in this paper to estimate the value of service of recreation function of Dalinor National Natural Reserve (DNNR) of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR), which is located in Chifeng City of IMAR. It is estimated that the total value of the service of recreation function of DNNR is RMB 75,170,000. This result can be of some reference to both policy-making and compensating of natural resources of DNNR.

Studies on foraging behaviour for herbivores proliferated over three decades, it seems that up to date there have been no the steady framework for foraging theory because foraging process or behaviour of herbivores themselves is rather complicated, and herbivores can employ a variety of strategies to cope with heterogeneous grasslands. Most researches on foraging behaviour and interaction between herbivores and plants are conducted on artificial grasslands, and sometimes we maybe neglect the valuable information on herbivores' behaviour despite of well manipulating for experiments on artificial grasslands. For this paper, we synthesized our experimental results of foraging behaviour, especial in diet selection and interaction between stocking rate and vegetation regrowth on natural steppes in the eastern areas of the Eurasian Steppes, and also give reviews on foraging behavior of herbivores from the existing theories.

在家庭牧场尺度上，研究了划区轮牧与连续放牧两种不同放牧制度对绵羊摄食和体重的影响，目的是比较不同放牧制度对绵羊体重的影响，为草地合理放牧利用提供理论依据。研究结果表明，暖季连续放牧的条件下，绵羊采食的植物种类多，摄食营养高，体增重快。但就整个放牧季节而言，连续放牧制度不利于牧草的均匀利用，使草群营养与绵羊体重表现出较大的波动，而划区轮牧能够保持绵羊体重的稳定增长与较高的家畜生产。试验中比较了模拟采食法、活动围笼法与经验公式法三种不同的采食量测定方法，根据观察与试验结果，笔者认为在大群家畜放牧条件下用模拟采食法测定绵羊采食量要偏低于其正常采食量，活动围笼法在用于连续放牧条件下的采食量测定时，需要增加测定重复次数以提高其测定的准确性，在大群家畜放牧条件下运用经验公式法来估算家畜采食量是可取的。

放牧管理者面临的挑战是如何平衡家畜生产与草地的其他价值，这些价值包括野生动物资源以及那些感觉不到的其他方面的价值。许多的这些价值受到放牧管理的影响，放牧后植物的残留数量是十分重要的。植物残留物增加枯枝落叶库的大小，对草地生态系统有重要作用。枯枝落叶影响植物生长和群落结构，进而影响食草动物。或许， 重要的一点是枯枝落叶使得系统稳定，促进生产循环。因此，需要寻找植物被移走和保留之间的平衡，其结果可以通过家畜生产和生态系统的健康反映。

Stocking rate is an important management factor in grazing management. The stocking rate defines utilization and ultimately grazing pressure, which affects grassland sustainability. Grassland sustainability is partly defined by its species composition and ultimately by its productivity. These attributes are unique for specific plant communities and the effect of stocking rate must be established for each in order to understand the community response to grazing and to determine its carrying capacity. Information exists on the effects of stocking rate on livestock production in the Stipa breviflora Griseb. Desert Steppe (Wei et al. 2000) but its effects on the plant community is not well understood. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine the effects of stocking rate on the species composition and productivity of that community.