本文从技术因素和地质因素两个方面重点论述了综放巷内充填沿空留巷围岩变形和应力分布的基本特征。通过计算机数值模拟，优化了充填工艺参数，得出了合理的留巷技术方案。在此基础上，系统分析了煤层硬度、采高、直接顶厚度和硬度、老顶岩层硬度及关键层复合效应等因素对留巷围岩变形与垂直应力分布的影响规律。并采用多元分析方法，得到了各因素对围岩最大应力的回归方程。研究结果可对综放巷内充填沿空留巷的应用提供理论依据和设计指导。

针对常村煤矿S2-6综放工作面采用传统技术沿空留巷的难点，进行了巷内充填沿空留巷试验。第一步，对原巷采用锚梁网索联合支护实施加固，撤掉梯形架棚；第二步，在已加固巷道下一工作面侧煤壁，实施扩帮锚网支护；第三步，在原巷位置实施巷内充填，并加固充填体。结合高水速凝充填材料的性能，通过建立合理的综放沿空留巷的围岩结构力学模型和充填工艺设计，井下工业性试验达到了预期效果，留巷断面稳定后超过10m2。证明了在巷内基本支护为梯形金属支架的巷道中进行综放沿空留巷的可行性，并作了经济效益评价。在此基础上提出综放巷内充填沿空留巷新技术，具有推广价值。

针对采煤工作面过断层速度慢、效率低且影响煤质等缺点，提出工作面快速无矸石过断层清洁开采技术。该项技术的关键有二：一是在断层中预掘巷；二是矸石在井下处理。基于断层中预掘巷的矿压特点，确定出其合理的锚梁网支护方案与支护参数，并采用了掘出的矸石与煤的合理“置换”方式。此项技术在翟镇煤矿得到成功应用。

俄霍布拉克煤矿下1煤层顶板为浅埋厚硬岩层组，地表为薄砂砾石层，有多个含水层且地表水系发育。以岩层控制关键层理论为指导，提出了顶板突水防治的新原理。采用相似材料模拟试验和RFPA数值模拟分析方法，得出了关键层破断和覆岩裂隙场的分布特征。根据保水开采新原理，俄霍布拉克煤矿实现保水开采在于关键层的保护，确定选用短壁回采工艺。通过ANSYS三维数值计算，从抗拉强度和抗压强度两方面进行验证，确定出了短壁综采工作面的合理布置参数，防止工作面顶板冒落带和裂隙带波及煤系砂岩、标准砂岩和第四系松散层含水体。短壁综采工作面的支架矿压、顶板离层、地表沉陷及顶板涌水量的监测表明，综采工作面倾斜长不超过60m、煤柱宽度不小于20m时，俄布煤矿顶板突水防治取得了成功。

顶煤的运移与垮落，尤其是内部微观裂隙的扩展，与其直接顶和老顶岩层的活动规律密切相关。针对某一厚硬岩层既是上层煤的底板，又直接是下层煤顶板的实际情况，采用数值计算与物理模拟相结合的研究方法，分析清楚了厚硬岩层的破断特征。在此基础上，提出了9种上层煤与下层煤不同开采方案，系统分析了下层煤顶煤压缩量的变化，并确定出上层煤与下层煤工作面交错的合理布置方式，为下层煤推广综放开采工艺提供了设计指导。

采场瓦斯涌出量随着顶板运动而产生周期性起伏变化，顶板运动对煤层瓦斯涌出的影响是通过改变煤层的瓦斯压力、瓦斯存在形态及煤层孔隙特征而实现的。在分析煤层瓦斯存在形态和涌出规律的基础上，定性分析了矿压显现对煤层瓦斯存在形态及采空区瓦斯分布的影响规律，解释了顶板运动改变工作面风流中瓦斯浓度的原因。为监测预报工作面瓦斯和顶板来压提供了科学理论依据和方法。

为从根本上研究煤层开采过工程中因顶板冒落、放顶垮落造成的顶板突水通道的变化规律。运用UDEC数值软件的应力—渗流耦合系统，计算了采场顶板破断及破断岩块再组合压实过程中突水通道的扩展、闭合演化过程。结合工程实践，系统分析了采动覆岩导水裂隙渗流矢量、渗流速度、孔隙压力及覆岩导水边界线的动态发展规律和分布特征，得出了一些防治采场顶板突水的有益结论，可为类似条件下煤矿顶板突水事故防治提供理论依据。并采用FLAC3D的应力—渗流耦合系统对所得结论进行了验证，证明该UDEC和FLAC3D的应力—渗流耦合系统都能预测并预算采动覆岩裂隙产生、发展、闭合及相关危害性的可靠的数值定量分析软件。数值模拟结果表明采场覆岩的突水通道的发展明显受煤层开采的影响，且当主关键层破断时，采场最易发生顶板突水事故。

Aimed at the technical difficulties of gob-side entry retaining in fully-mechanized coalface with top-coal caving (GERFCTC), a new technique of entry-in packing is put forward. In this technique, there are three key aspects: (1) to set up the reasonable mechanic model of surrounding-rock structure; (2) to maintain the integrity of the top coal for the entry with large-section in the coal seam; (3) to control the stability of the packing body with large bulk and long distance. In order to use the new technique in the entry, which has been excavated with normal section for several years, supported by ladder-shaped steel rigid support, actual steps are put forward. The results of industrial test and field measurement show that the technique is used successfully. It can be applied in similar conditions of fully-mechanized coalface with top-coal caving (FCTC).

According to the technical requirements of gob-side entry retaining in fully mechanized coalface with top-coal caving, the bolt and cable, instead of the original I-steel trapezium-shaped support, are used to reinforce the belt entry, which is excavated in thick coal seam. The reinforcing scheme and parameter of bolting with wire mesh and cable are introduced emphatically. The technique has been used in Chanchun Coal Mine of Luan Coal Group, and the good reinforced effects are also shown by the field measurement results. The reinforcing technique lays a good foundation for the successful test of gob-side entry retaining in fully mechanized coalface with top-coal caving.

The high-water solidifying material is a kind of special concrete. Its main properties are introduced such as strong water-solidifying capability, fine pumpability and pumpable for a long time, quick setting and with early-developed strength, high residual strength after being cracked, etc. This material has been used with satisfactory results in entry-side packing to maintain an entry along the gob edge. The deformation mechanism and relevant parameters of the entry-side packing body are analyzed. A technique of "three-dimension reinforcing net with bolt for entry-side packing" is emphatically introduced to control the stability of the packing body, and the good reinforcing effects of the packing body are also shown by the field measurement results. The high-water material and the reinforcing technique lay a good foundation for the successful test of gob-side entry retaining in fully-mechanized coalface with top-coal caving.