Mechanisms of wet abrasion for nitrile rubber (NBR), polytctrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and fluoropolymer alloy (F50-1) have been investigated. Specimens were held against a rotating steel disc. Both the specimen and the steel disc were immersed in an abrasive liquid of the type used for oil-well drilling. The abraded surfaces of samples were examined using scanning electron microcopy. It is concluded that wear occurs as a result of two different mechanisms: a local microteadng process and a general microlayering or nlicropolishing process. Wear rates of polymeric materials have been found to increase with increasing sand content of media and with decreasing sliding speed. Mostly, these rates of bear also increase with normal load. However. wear rates of F50-1 were found to be surprisingly insensitive to normal load at 100℃.

rubber, nylon-6 and polytetrafluoroethylene, have been investigated using a specialabrasive erosion test machine designed by the authors. Based upon some observations ofthe abraded surfaces of test samples using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), themechanisms of abrasive erosion for the polymers examined could be summarized asfollows: a mierocutting action of the abrasives with a certain kinetic energy; microdelamination of the surface layer of the materials resulting from initiation andpropagation of microcracks; mechanochernical and thermal decomposition of materials;and surface peeling, resulting from plastic fracture expanded from local plastic deformationof the material. The influence of these factors on the wear rate of the abrasive erosion hasbeen studied, and the relevant wear-rate equations are presented.

A new energy theory of rubber abrasion by a line contact hasbeen set up through analyzing the energy distribution andconversion during the abrasion process, corresponding theoreticalwear equation of rubber abrasion by a line contact in unsteadystate has been derived. This energy theory, which is animprovement on the previous theory of rubber abrasion by a linecontact, can be used to clarify the phenomena and processes ofthe rubber abrasion.

Achievements in research on robber wear by the present aulhor and his group over the past ten years arc summarized briefly Tbcsc results include mechanisnls and wear equations for dry and wctabrasion, basic features and wear nlechanism of oily abrasion, tbeory of dry abrasion by a line comtact, physical processes and surface mecbanocbcmical effects of abrasive erosion. They are not only significant in the context of rubber tlibokrgy bu; are also valuable for extending tile working life of rubber components

Mechanisms of wet abrasion for nitrile rubber have been investigated using a Din-disc-type test machine. Rubber specimen was held against rotating steel disc. Both the speci-men and the disc were immersed in an abrasive liquid of the type used for oil well drilling. It is concluded that wear occurs as a results of two different mechanisms: local micro tearing process and a general micro-layering or micro-polish-ing process. Rates of wear were found to increase with the applied frictional force raised to a Dowern and to be propor-tional to a neqative Dower-bof the coefficient of friction.

This article is a brief survey of some of the important processes involved in the abrasive wear of rubber. The progress in understanding rubber abrasion during the past decade is reviewed under three headings of dry abrasion (single point contact abrasion, line contact abrasion and multiple contact abrasion), oily abrasion and wet abrasion (two body and three body abrasion)

在考察橡胶磨损花纹裂纹角与橡胶磨损表面分形维数关系的基础上，提出了用分形计算橡胶磨粒磨损的磨损花纹裂纹角的新方法，发现丁苯橡胶和丁腈橡胶磨损花纹的裂纹角在不稳定膳损阶段基本保持不变，而在稳定磨损阶段则随法向载荷的增大而减小。

在工程实际中，由于高分子材料的抗磨粒侵蚀性能都比较好而得到了广泛的应用。然而载至目前，所见这类材料在磨粒侵蚀磨损机理方面的研究报道还相当之步，而且仅局限于物理过程的考察。因此，对聚氯酯在磨粒侵蚀条件下的表面化学效应进行了试验研究。利用扫描电子显徽镜、x射线光电子能谱仪和博立叶表面红外分析仪，对这种高分子材料在磨粒侵蚀磨损前后表面的微观形貌、元素组成、结合能和官能团进行了分析。结果发现，聚氨酯在磨粒侵蚀条件下发生的表面化学效应主要有：聚氪酯分子中硬链段与软链段交界处的链断裂、脲基甲酸酯基团和缩二脲基团的热分解导致的热降解。以及氮基甲酸酯基团的水解从化学角度考察聚氩酯的磨粒侵蚀磨损过程是在研究思路和方法上的一种新的尝试。灭其研究结果有助于深入而全面地认识高分于材料的磨损机理。因而对提高这类材料的使用寿命具有实用价值。

研究了天然橡胶分别在含石英砂的清水、聚丙烯酰胺溶和氢氧化钠溶液冲击作用下磨粒侵蚀过程中所发生的表面化学效应，并且利用扫描电子显微镜，X射线光电子能谱仪和傅立叶表面红外仪，对天然橡胶在膳损前后的表面形貌、元素的化学状态和官指团进行了观察与分析。发现天然橡腔在磨粒侵蚀下发生的表面化学效应主要是其分子链的力裂解和氧化降解，在聚丙烯酰胺溶液中还发生丁S-S交联键断裂，在清水中的主要氧化产物是含碳氧单键和碳氧取键的聚合物，在聚丙烯酰胺溶液和氢氧化钠溶液中的氧化产物都含有碳氧单键、羰基和羧基等。