In this paper, a new boundary element method for the interaction between frictional bolts and rock mass is presented by formulating the surface frictional forces of the bolts in terms of the displacements of the rock mass. The corresponding formulation for the underground openings supported by frictional bolts is derived. The action of the bolts on the rock mass is reduced to line integrals along the bolt length. Then the bolts are discretized into a number of quadratic elements. Analytical expressions are obtained when the source point coincides with one of the element nodes. Formulations for calculating the stress at internal points are also presented. The algebraic equations are established by the usual nodal collocation scheme. A computer code for the approach has been written based on the linear element program. Finally, two examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.

this paper presents a new infinite element approach for three-dimensional boundary: element analysis of half-space problems. The strongly singular integrals over the infinite surface are evaluated analytically by transforming the surface integrals into line integrals. The illustrative numerical results demonstrate the potential of the formulation. 0 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Novel methods are described for removing the strong singularities arising in the domain integrals of elastoplasticity, and for solving the non-linear equation set. The former employs a new transformation from domain integrals to (cell) boundary integrals. The number of system equations is minimised by using the plastic multiplier as the primary unknown and an incremental variable stiffness iterative algorithm is developed for solving these equations. Excellent convergence is achieved and some numerical examples demonstrate the algorithm's effectiveness.

A novel set of auxiliary equations, which supplement the fundamental boundary integral equations, for the treatment of corners and edges arising in discontinuous traction problems and at zonal intersections is derived. Based on these equations, an efficient linear 3D multi-region BEM algorithm is presented which can deal with arbitrarily many regions. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm.