Experiments on the influences of operational variables on the axial transport of both heterogeneous municipal solid waste (MSW) and homogenous sand are conducted in a continuous lab-scale rotary kiln cold simulator. Compared with sand, the residence time of MSW has a relatively large discrepancy with the ideal normal distribution due to the trajectory segregation of MSW components. The residence time at different axial zone is quite different due to the varied bed depth profile along the kiln length. MSW has a longer mean residence time (MRT) and a lower material volumetric flow (MVF) than sand because of the higher hd than sand. The increment of both rotating speed and kiln slope reduces MRT, and increases MVF. Exit dam has a significant impact on the MRT and the influence of internal structure group consisting of various axial ribs and circular ribs is mainly determined by the height of circular ribs. Inside wall roughness also has effect on MRT through changing the bed regimes. For a case with the certain inlet and exit bed depths, the product of MRT and MVF holds at a constant within the limits of experimental errors in spite of the changing experimental variables.

From the point of view of the influence of turbulence structure, this paper presents an elementary numerical analysis of the interaction between a particle and a gas phase. The effects of turbulence structure and the thickness of boundary layer on the separation efficiency in a cyclone separator have been investigated. The effects of the Saffman force on the particle trajectory are also analyzed. The results indicate that the separation efficiency decreases with an increase in turbulence intensity and increases with a decrease in the thickness of the boundary layer. The Saffman force can enhance the separation of small particles and also can shorten their residence time in the cyclone.

在运用图像处理的方法测量火焰温度场的研究中，从摄像机获取的二维累积图像中重建出包含每个断面温度分布的三维温度场，是关系到能否投入实际应用的关键问题。结合扇形计算机断层成像原理和火焰辐射传递方程，推导出辐射强度随投影路径衰减的控制方程。将火焰断面网格化之后，运用代数重建技术对离散方程温度和辐射衰减系数同时迭代求解。在油煤混烧的燃烧器上运用该方法进行了实验研究。并结合算法的数值模拟，对其可能误差和改进方向进行了分析。

This paper presents an experimental method for studying the fragmentation of coal particles during coal combustion in a fluidized bed and the quantitative fragmentation indexes of 10 typical Chinese coal ranks. The influences of a variety of factors such as the bed temperature, the size of coal particles, the coal rank and the fluidizing medium on the fragmentation index of coal particles are also studied. The research results show that the main reason for the fragmentation of coal particles is the primary fragmentation, and that the volatile matter can drastically influence the degree of fragmentation of coal particles.

Mixing performances of municipal solid waste (MSW) in differential density fluidized beds (FBs) have been investigated simulating five kinds of materials (plastic, wood, candle, coal and coal-stone). The results show that the differential density FB technology can realize good mixing performances for different MSW components. The density of MSW components has a conspicuous effect on the mixing characteristics of FB. Also, the size of the components has effects. The mixing index is adopted via a regression analysis to the experimental data, and a mixing expression formula is obtained, that will be beneficial for MSW incinerator design and operation.