Aim: To investigate the effect of androgen on the structure of corpus cavernosum. Methods: Thirty mature rats were randomized into 3 groups, i.e., simple castration, castration with testosterone (T) supplementation and sham-operated controls. One week after operation, the animals were sacrificed and corpora cavenosa harvested. Apoptosis was detected with the in situ end labeling (ISEL) techniques and DNA fragment analysis. Results: The apoptotic rate was 4.19% in the simple castrated rats, 0.2% in castrated rats supplemented with T and 0.14% in the controls. Significant difference was found between the simple castrates and other two groups (P<0.01). When comparing the T-supplementation group with the controls, there was no statistical difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: Castration induced apoptosis in rat corpus cavernosum, that could be prevented by T supplementation. It suggests that androgen plays an important role in maintaining the structure of corpus cavernosum.

目的 探讨胃液对膀胱癌生长抑制、细胞凋亡及bcl-2/bax表达的影响。方法 采用细胞培养、四唑盐比色试验（MTT）、DNA提取及电泳、流式细胞仪和免疫组织化学等方法，观察胃液对膀胱癌细胞系生长抑制、细胞凋亡及bd-2/bax表达的影响。结果 高浓度胃液（19～38mmol/L）抑制膀胱癌细胞系的生长繁殖，低浓度胃液（0.594～9.500mmol/L）则促进膀胱癌细胞系的生长繁殖。胃液能诱导体外培养的膀胱癌细胞凋亡。膀胱癌细胞系BIU-87中bcl-2、bax均有表达（分别为63.5%和41.4%），经胃液、稀盐酸或阿霉素处理后，bdl-2表达下降（分别为34.8%、37.3%和29.6%），bax表达上升（分别为49.3%、47.1%和52.2%），bd-2/bax比值小于1。结论 胃液能抑制膀胱癌的生长，诱导其凋亡。

Aim: To investigate alterations of smooth muscle cells and collagen fibers in corpus cavernosum following cavernous neurectomy and its relation to the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Methods: Ten adult male SD rats (neurectomy group) were subject to a bilateral cavernous nerve (CN) resection aseptically under an operating microscope, with 6 sham-operated rats as the control. Fifteen weeks after the operation, the penile specimens were collected and prepared for quantitative-analyzing of ratio of smooth muscle to collagen fibers in corpus cavernosum with confocal microscopy, and for detecting the expression of TGF-β1 by RT-PCR and western-blot. Results: Smooth muscle cells that show red color after fluorescent-labeling with tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate-phalloidin and collagen fibers that produce green autofluorescence after paraformaldehyde fixation were clearly identified under the confocal microscope. Quantification of fluorescent intensity showed that the ratio of smooth muscle to collagen fibers in corpus cavernosum in neurectomy group was 0.265±0.125, which was significantly lower than that in sham-operated group (0.760±0.196, P<0.01). RT-PCR and western-blot analyses revealed a significantly higher expression of TGF-β1 in the penile tissues of the neurectomy animals than that in sham-operated group. Conclusion: Bilateral ablation of CN can lead to fibrosis of corpus cavernosum, which may be related to an increased expression of TGF-β1 induced by hypoxia in cavernous tissue after denervation.

目的 探讨MTS1基因在人前列腺增生症（BPH）发病机制中的作用和变异情况。方法 用PCR2银染SSCP技术检测18例正常前列腺和38例BPH中抑癌基因MTS1各外显子的纯合性缺失和突变。结果 12例BPH出现MTS1基因缺失，总缺失率为32%；正常前列腺组织中有1例出现MTS1基因缺失，缺失率为6%，两者之间差异有显著性（P<0105）；无1例有MTS1 基因的突变。结论 BPH的发病机制可能与MTS1的纯合性缺失有关，未见有突变发生。应对MTS1基因在人BPH中的作用作更深入的研究。