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2005年03月08日

【期刊论文】黄腹角雉(Tragopan caboti)的人工授精研究*

郑光美, 张雁云), 郑光美), 常崇艳), 陈晓端), 郝如), 王赟)

北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2002,38(1):117~122,-0001,():

-1年11月30日

摘要

不同年龄黄腹角雉的射精量存在显著差异(P<O.05),3~8岁为其繁殖壮年期;同一年龄的黄腹角雉在繁殖的不同时期,射精量也存在很大的差异,3月下旬至5月上旬为笼养下黄腹角雉的精子生成的高峰时期。从保证角雉安全和获取更多的精子等方面考虑,较为适宜的采精频率为1次·(3d)-1。利用稀释的精液和用原精液输精,黄腹角雉卵的受精率没有显著差异。黄腹角雉精子在雌体内的最长贮存时间为23d。通过对黄腹角雉产精的特点以及对精液的系统分析后。所建立的人工授精技术使卵受精率可达85%以上。解决了长期笼养下的黄腹角雉卵受精率低的问题。

黄腹角雉, 人工授精, 射精量, 受精率

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2005年03月08日

【期刊论文】红腹角雉取食栖息地选择的研究*

郑光美, 史海涛

动物学研究,1999, 20(2): 131~136,-0001,():

-1年11月30日

摘要

1993年11月~1994年10月,在以无线电遥测技术对贵州省仙人山地区红腹角雉Tragopan temminckii的活动范围、栖息地选择及食性研究的基础上,对其取食栖息地的选择作了探讨。红腹角雉遥测位点和粪便相对集中分布,表明对栖息环境存在明显的选择,对食物分布的样方分析表明其活动特点与食物密切相关。红腹角雉各季节主要活动于多灌木与草本植物的沟谷带上段,春冬季主要取食草本及蕨类植物,活动范围较大,并常在雨雾天到谷底小道上段取食;夏秋季主要取食成熟的灌木及乔木的果实,活动范围较狭小固定。

红腹角雉,, 食性,, 活动区,, 栖息地选择,, 无线电遥测

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2005年03月08日

【期刊论文】Reproductive ecology of Tibetan Eared Pheasant Crossoptilon harmani in scrub environment, with special reference to the effect of food

郑光美, XIN LU* & GUANG-MEI ZHENG

Ibis (2003), 145, 657-666,-0001,():

-1年11月30日

摘要

We studied the nesting ecology of two groups of the endangered Tibetan Eared Pheasants Crossoptilon harmani in scrub environments near Lhasa, Tibet, during 1996 and 1999-2001. One group received artificial food from a nunnery prior to incubation whereas the other fed on natural food. This difference in the birds' nutritional history allowed us to assess the effects of food on eproduction. Laying occurred between mid-April and early June, with a peak at the end of April or early May. Eggs were laid around noon. Adult females produced one clutch per year. Clutch size averaged 7.4 eggs (4-11). Incubation lasted 24-25 days. We observed a higher nesting success (67.7%) than reported for ther eared pheasants. Provisioning had no significant effect on the timing of clutch initiation or nesting success, and a weak effect on egg size and clutch size (explaining 8.2% and 9.1% of the observed variation, respectively). These results were attributed to the observation that the unprovisioned birds had not experienced local food shortage before laying, despite spending more time feeding and less time resting than the provisioned birds. Nest-site selection by the pheasants was non-random with respect to environmental variables. Rock-cavities with an entrance averaging 0.32m2 in size and not deeper than 1.5 m were greatly preferred as nest-sites. The birds were also more likely to place their nests in denser high-scrub and closer to streams. In the study area, the low availability of both cliff habitats and high-scrub patches suggested a limitation of sites suitable for nesting, which could be reflected in the between-year re-use of nest-sites (8.9%) and intraspecific nest parasitism (3.8%). espite the apparent preference for certain nest-site variables, e found no effect of these on clutch fate, suggesting that the risk of nest predation was random.

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2005年03月08日

【期刊论文】Science Ltd Habitat use of Tibetan Eared Pheasant Crossoptilon harmani flocks in the non-reeding season

郑光美, XIN LU* & GUANG-MEI ZHENG

Ibis (2002), 144, 17-22,-0001,():

-1年11月30日

摘要

Habitat use by Tibetan Eared Pheasant Crossoptilon harmani flocks in shrub vegetation was investigated in the Lhasa area of Tibet during the non-breeding season of 1995-1996. Home range composition varied considerably among flocks, but stream belts were consistently used as foraging grounds. Slope direction, altitude and vegetation had little effect on habitat selection. In the absence of supplemental food, core range size was positively correlated with flock size, suggesting that food supplementation could support larger flocks. Flocks regularly roosted on the ground at midday at two or three relatively fixed sites within core ranges. At night they used patches of relatively tall, dense vegetation at the year-round sites in areas near cliffs or in hollows. The size of the night-roost site was related to flock size. Our results strongly suggested that both foraging and night-roosting habitats in the shrub environment are crucial to the birds.

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2005年03月08日

【期刊论文】山西五鹿山褐马鸡不同季节的空间分布与栖息地选择研究

郑光美, 张国钢, 张正旺*, 李晓强, 李俊峰, 黄雷

生物多样性,2003,11(4):303~308,-0001,():

-1年11月30日

摘要

1997~1998年在山西省五鹿山自然保护区内对世界珍禽褐马鸡(Crossoptilon mantchuricum)越冬期与繁殖期的空间分布模式及其变化规律进行了研究,同时探讨了种群空间分布模式与栖息地结构特征之间的关系。经Poisson函数和χ2检验,发现褐马鸡在越冬期和繁殖期均为聚集分布,但越冬期的聚集程度更为明显。通过对栖息地可利用率与实际利用率的比较,发现褐马鸡在越冬期与繁殖期对栖息地的利用存在显著性差异:越冬期褐马鸡对阔叶林具有明显的负选择性;进入繁殖期后,褐马鸡对落叶阔叶林和灌丛的利用率显著增加,而对针叶林和针阔混交林的利用率有所减少。对两个时期的栖息地样方进行判别分析,发现草本植物数量、草本植物平均高度、乔木胸径、乔木高度是影响褐马鸡越冬期与繁殖期栖息地选择的主要因子。研究结果表明,褐马鸡种群的空间分布模式及其变化,与栖息地结构以及空间资源分布的季节性变化有关。在越冬期,由于温度、降雪等气候因素的影响,草本植物都已枯萎,落叶阔叶林的郁闭度较低,隐蔽条件较差,褐马鸡活动的区域范围受到一定的限制,此时褐马鸡常常在郁闭度较高的针叶林或针阔混交林中,并聚集形成较大的群体,共同取食,聚集分布的程度较高;进入繁殖期后,随着落叶阔叶林郁闭度增大以及林下、灌草丛中草本植物种类和数量的增多,褐马鸡群体逐渐变小,多以配偶对的形式活动,空间聚集程度降低。但由于褐马鸡对栖息地具有严格的选择性,许多配偶对主要集中在质量较好的区域内占区和营巢,因此在大尺度上褐马鸡种群的空间分布仍为聚集型分布。

Crossoptilon mantchuricum,, 空间分布,, 栖息地选择,, 冬季,, 繁殖期,, 山西

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