As a novel plasticizer, formamide was tested in thermoplastic starch (TPS), in which native cornstarch granules were proved to transfer to a continuous phase by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the hydrogen bond interaction between plasticizer and starch was proved by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Mechanical tests showed that tensile strength and Young's modulus of formamide-plasticized TPS (FPTPS) were lower than glycerol-plasticized TPS (GPTPS) and elongation at break and energy break were higher. The effect of formamide and glycerol on the retrogradation of TPS was studied using X-ray diffractometry. Formamide could effectively restrain the starch retrogradation at three different relative humidity (RH) environments, because it could form the more stable hydrogen bonds with the starch hydroxy group than glycerol. From these results, we found that the elongation at break, energy break, and the retrogradation of TPS were ameliorated by formamide.

In the presence of dicumyl peroxide, the compatibility of thermal plasticized starch/linear low-den-sity polyethylene (TPS/LLDPE) blends using maleic anhydride (MAH) as compatibilizer was investigated. The thermal plasticization of starch and its compatibilizing modifi-cation with LLDPE was accomplished in a single-screw extruder at the same time. We prepared three types of blends containing different percentages of TPS and MAH. The content of MAH based on LLDPE was 0, 1, and 2wt%, respectively. The morphology of the blends was studied by SEM. It was found that, with the addition of MAH, the blends have good interfacial adhesion and finely dispersed TPS and LLDPE phases, which is reflected in the mechanicaland thermal properties of the blends. The blends containing MAH showed higher tensile strength, elongation at break, and thermal stability than those of blends without MAH. The rheologic properties of the blends demonstrated the existence of processing. Finally, the dynamic thermal mechanical analysis results indicated that, with the addition of MAH, the compatibility between TPS and LLDPE in the blends was substantially improved.

In this paper, formamide was firstly used as plasticizer to prepare thermoplastic starch (TPS), which could suppress the retrogradation of TPS by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and show a good flexibility, but was weaker than conventional glycerol-plasticized TPS (GPTPS). When urea was introduced into plasticizer, both the retrogradation and mechanical properties were ameliorated The tensile stress, strain and energy break of TPS plasticized by urea (wt.20%) and formamide (wt.10%), respectively, reached 4.83MPa, 104.6% and 2.17Nm (Newtonּmeter) after it had been stored at relative humidity (RH) 30% for one week.

用甲酰胺作为塑化剂制备了热塑性淀粉（TPS），扫描电镜显示甲酰胺可以使淀粉塑化，形成均一的连续相；流变性能说明在加工温度范围内，甲酰胺塑化淀粉（FPTPS）的剪切应力对温度变化敏感性要小于甘油塑化淀粉（GPTPS）；用热重和DSC研究了热稳定性和玻璃化转变； FPTPS在13%～23%的水含量时有较好的力学性能，水含量为13%时，FPTPS最大的断裂强度3.9MPa；水含量为17%时，FPTPS最大的伸长率为95%；与GPTPS 相比，在RH（Relative humidity)=0.50% and 100%环境下，FPTPS 有良好的耐回生性能，这主要是因为甲酰胺可以和淀粉羟基形成更稳妥定的氢健。

利用IR,13C NMR和XPS等技术研究了硝化纤维素（CN-1.15）对肌酐（Cr）的吸附行为，并提出了可能的吸附路线。 光谱分析的结果充分表明，碱性条件下，CN-1.15对Cr的吸附是通过碱化的硝酸酯基与Cr的胍基碳生成离子复合物而达到的。