Socio-spatial differentiation and residential segregation have been studied extensively in numerous cities and have contributed significantly to the understanding of urban spatial and social structures. Analyses of diverse data sets at varied spatial scales have supported the development of theoretical frameworks. However, the majority of Chinese case studies published in recent decades were dominantly based on either non-spatial data or population census data at sub-district (or jiedao in Chinese) level. These analyses have been limited through using low-resolution aggregate data resulting in incomplete or biased findings. This paper aims to examine the fine-scale socio-spatial structure of the inner city of Nanjing using the fifth population census data of 2000 at the lowest spatial scale – community (or juweihui in Chinese) level. Our findings reveal that the policies of the socialist era and the initial outcomes of the introduction of a free market, particularly with regard to the creation of new elite spaces within the inner city, have shaped a complex pattern of socio-spatial differentiation and residential segregation.

juweihui in Chinese) level. Our findings reveal that the policies of the socialist era and the initial outcomes of the introduction of a free market, particularly with regard to the creation of new elite spaces within the inner city, have shaped a complex pattern of socio-spatial differentiation and residential segregation.

：尽管第五次人口普查所反映的社会空间结构特征已经是12 a前的事实，国内外学者也针对2000年的中国 第五次人口普查数据做了一定的研究，但是，此类研究要么局限于全域性社会空间统计分析；要么限于县区、街 道尺度展开的局域性地理空间分析研究。居委会（社区）这一核心统计尺度的普查数据一直没有被有效地挖掘 利用。以南京旧城区为研究案例，首次通过匹配内城区居委会地图和第五次人口普查长短表数据，深度挖掘、揭 示居委会尺度下的南京旧城区社会空间隔离特征，并指出：① 新世纪南京市城市社会空间转型与分异是计划体 制时期社会空间建构力量与市场分化力量混合的结果，相对于上海、北京和广州而言，南京城市制度性力量显示 了强劲的路径依赖特征、学习性与适应性；② 小尺度社会空间分析挖掘出大尺度无法辨析的学区中产阶层化 (jiaoyufication)区域和转型期崛起的新城市精英社区。