为提高Ti/SnO2电极的电催化性能,采用溶胶- 凝胶法,并结合高温热处理工艺制备了钛基SnO2纳米涂层电催化电极. 以苯酚为目标污染物,考察了所制备电极的电催化性能,并采用XRD、SEM、XPS等方法研究了制备的SnO2纳米涂层电极的表面形貌、晶粒粒径、元素组成和表面元素的化学环境等. 研究结果表明:由于纳米涂层具有较大的比表面积,使得所制备电极的性能较非纳米涂层的钛基二氧化锡电极大为提高,完全降解等量苯酚所需时间减少了33.3%. 电极表面主要是四方相金红石结构的SnO2晶体,粒径在10nm以下.

采用循环伏安和Tafel曲线两种方法评价了Pt电极、钛基二氧化钌电极（Ti/RuO2）及钛基二氧化锡电极（Ti/SnO2）的电催化氧化性能,结果表明，在500mg/L的苯酚溶液中，Pt, Ti/RuO2和Ti/SnO2电极氧化苯酚的峰电位依次为0.93，0.95和1.40V（vs Ag/AgCI）,Tafel曲线表明，三种电极析氧过电位的顺序依次是Ti/RuO＜Pt＜Ti/SnO2，Ti/SnO2电极的Tafel斜率约为0.45V，且在高电流密度下其析氧过电位较Ti/RuO2电极高1.4V,以苯甲酸为羟基自由基捕获剂，采用荧光光谱法间接检测了三种电极生成羟基自由基的量,结果表明，·OH生成量的大小与电极的析氧电位高低顺序相一致，Ti/SnO2电极较另两种电极生成的·OH多

Laboratory experiments were carried out on the kinetics and pathways of the electrochemical (EC) degradation of phenol at three different types of anodes, Ti/SnO2-Sb, Ti/RuO2, and Pt. Although phenol was oxidised by all of the anodes at a current density of 20mA/cm2 or a cell voltage of 4.6V, there was a considerable difference between the three anode types in the effectiveness and performance of EC organic degradation. Phenol was readily mineralized at the Ti/SnO2-Sb anode, but its degradation was much slower at the Ti/RuO2 and Pt anodes. The analytical results of highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) indicated that the intermediate products of EC phenol degradation, including benzoquinone and organic acids, were subsequently oxidised rapidly by the Ti/SnO2-Sb anode, but accumulated in the cells of Ti/RuO2 and Pt. There was also a formation of dark-coloured polymeric compounds and precipitates in the solutions electrolyzed by the Ti/RuO2 and Pt anodes, which was not observed for the Ti/SnO2-Sb cells. It is argued that anodic property not only affects the reaction kinetics of various steps of EC organic oxidation, but also alters the pathway of phenol electrolysis. Favourable surface treatment, such as the SnO2-Sb coating, provides the anode with an apparent catalytic function for rapid organic oxidation that is probably brought about by hydroxyl radicals generated from anodic water electrolysis.

为解决电化学水处理技术中提高电催化效率和延长电极寿命的问题，在综合以上两方面国内外的研究成果及解决途径的基础上，指出DSA电极因其高的稳定性，且可通过设计制备-定结构的表面涂层而获得具有不同结构的阳极材料：DSA电极用于有机物氧化降解存在直接和间接电化学氧化两种过程，而涂层表面结构中氧空位浓度与电极性质密切相关。

采用浸渍法制备了RuO2 C2Al2O3和RuO2 CeO2 C2Al2O3催化剂，并利用XRD、SEM和XPS对催化剂进行了表征，研究了Ce的加入对RuO2 C2Al2O3催化剂表面分散性和催化剂表面元素Ru，O和Ce化学态的影响，同时考察了RuO2 C2Al2O3和RuO2 CeO2 C2Al2O3催化剂湿式氧化降解苯酚的活性，并深入探讨了Ce对RuO2 C2Al2O3催化剂的助催化作用。结果表明：Ce掺杂改性后，使催化剂表面Ru的化学态降低、表面氧空位增加，并且活性组分Ru的分散性增加，从而使RuO2 CeO2 C2Al2O3催化剂的活性提高，因此Ce起到了显著的助催化作用。