Bamboo is a giant grass that takes on tree-like functions in forest ecosystems. Around 75 genera and 1250 species of bamboo are known to exist throughout the world. Five hundred species in 40 genera are recorded in China, mostly in the monsoon areas of south and southwest China. Of these, 250 species in 29 generagrow naturally in the mountainous province of Yunnan, in the Chinese Himalayan region. Bamboo has a long history of being used for multiple purposes by various mountain communities in China. Among others, bamboo has served-and still serves-as construction material, fiber, food, material for agricultural tools, utensils, and music instruments, as well as ornamental plants. Yunnan as a landlocked mountain province in southwest China holds a great number of species in its natural bamboo forests. This article presents the diversity of bamboo species and of their utilization in Yunnan Province, China.

通过对我国云南的动物资源、植物资源，特有属物种组成，生态系统类型，物种遗传资源等进行的分析研究，论述了云南生物多样性丰富性和特有性等组成特征，并分析了云南生物多样性的脆弱机理，探讨了云南生物多样性保护面临的威胁因素，提出了相应的保护对策。