车变应用扫描电镜、X-折射、压汞试验及力学强度试验等方法。研究了兖州及徐州地区红层的物质组成、孔隙结构、力学强度及膨胀和崩解特性，初步探讨了红层对 煤矿建井与煤层开采的影响。

Tongshan area, a part of the floodplain of the abandoned Huanghe River, is one of the popular ndemic fluorosis areas in East China. One of the reasons is high concentration of fluorine in shallow groundwater. Test results of 36 groundwater samples show that fluorine concentration in shallow groundwater is 0.18-6.7mg/L and 50% of the samples exceed the Chinese drinking water quality standard. There exists a significant negative correlation in content between Ca2+ and F-. The correlations between fluorine concentration and other cations (for example Na+, K+, Mg2+) are not significant. The content of dissolved fluorine from the flooding sediments of the Huanghe River that varying from 5.6mg/kg to 15.2mg/kg plays an important role in forming the high fluorine groundwater. Usually, the dissolved fluorine content in silt is much higher than that in silty clay and clay. According to the geological investigation fluorine content in deep groundwater (over 60m) is less than 1.0mg/L and suitable for drinking, so it is an effective measure to prevent endemic fluorosis by extracting deep groundwater in disease areas.