Diphenylmethane (DPM), 9-benzylphenanthrene (BP), di(1-naphthyl)methane (DNM), 1,2-di-(1-naphthyl)ethane (DNE), and 9-(1-naphthyl)phenanthrylmethane (NPM) were used as substrates and hydrogen-transfer reactions from molecular hydrogen to the substrates were examined over an activated carbon (AC) under pressurized hydrogen at 300℃. The results show that the AC catalyzes monatomic hydrogen transfer to the substrates and that the reactivities of the substrates toward hydrocracking decrease in the following order: NPM>DNM>BP》DNE》DPM. These results can be interpreted by the differences in the hydrogen-accepting abilities of the ipso-carbons and the resonance stabilities of the leaving radicals.

Ion-exchanged Naβ zeolite with Fe2+ and Co2+ cations shows high catalytic activity at room temperature in phenol hydroxylation with H2O2, where the conversion of phenol is ca. 21% and the selectivity of benzoquinone is below 3% at a molar ratio of phenol to H2O2 of 3 in the starting aqueous reaction medium.

A solid-phase approach to fluorobenzimidazoles 6a and fluoro-2-hydroxyquinoxalines 6b has been achieved by a new strategy of 'one-bead-two-compound'. The precursor, 6-nitro-2,3,4,5- tetrafluorobenzoic acid, was tagged to Rink amide MBHA resin via an α-amino acid linker. The first nucleophilic substitution generated two regioisomers in which the second active fluorine atom underwent a subsequent nucleophilic substitution with a primary amine. The reduction of the aryl nitro groups with SnCl2·2H2O/NMM and the formation of a five-membered ring with aldehydes afforded 4b and 5a. Fluorobenzimidazoles 6a were directly furnished by cleavage using TFA, therewith the stable six-membered ring 6b was produced by concomitant intramolecular cyclization and thermal dehydrogenation. In addition to introduction of fluorine into the heterocycles, two scaffolds could be simultaneously synthesized with this method.

As a model reaction for coal liquefaction, the hydrocracking of di (1-naphthyl) methane (DNM) was investigated under different reaction conditions. The results show that activated carbon selectively catalyzes DNM hydrocracking and that sulfur has a synergic effect on the activated carbon-catalyzed hydrocracking of DNM. The synergic effect can be ascribed to the catalysis of the activated carbon in H2S dissociation.

The synthesis of thioamides and thiolactams, which are used as important organic intermediates, has attracted great attention. However, expensive reagents, severe reaction conditions and low yields of the target products made conventional methods inconvenient and economically infeasible. To overcome these disadvantages, we investigated a new process for synthesizing thioamides and thiolactams. We examined thermal reactions of CS2 with Nmethyl-2-pyrrolidinone, formylamide, acetamide and N, N-dimethylformylamide, respectively. The results show that under optimum conditions N-methylpyrrolidine-2-thione and the corresponding thioamides can be obtained in good to excellent yields by the above thionation reactions.