Research into displacement cascade processes in alloy systems has received little attention, yet is potentially of interest because issuessuch as the effect of solutes on the displacement threshold and the defectdistribution and movement in cascades are important. As part of a widerstudy, we have initially considered the minor substitutional solute Au in a Cu matrix, and have used molecular dynamics to investigate the properties of point defects, the threshold displacement energy Ed, and temporal and spatial distribution of defects in low-energy (≤500 eV) displacement cascades. The results show that the influence of the solute on the properties of defects is important and that Edis dramatically different from its form in pure copper. In comparison with pure copper,the recoil of the Au solute gives rise to a higher peak at longer timesin the number of displaced atoms in the generation of a displacement cascade. The influence of this on defect density in the cascade and thefinal number and arrangement of defects has been investigated.

A soluble, but nontrivial, model of a dilute Ising ferromagnet is studied, with infinite-range in- teractions but finite average connectivity c. The density of (Yang-Lee) zeros of the partition func- tion in the complex z=exp(-2H) plane (where H is the external magnetic field in units of the tem- perature) is calculated explicitly in the high-temperature phase for large but finite c and small ]H]. The density of zeros on the unit circle H=iO has the form p(θ)～exp{-[cf(K)/]θ]ln( 1/[θ]for [01 >0. The function f(K) (K=J/73 vanishes at the critical coupling Kc(c). Heuristic arguments are given for the form of p(θ) expected for systems with short-range interactions.

In this paper, we consider a pariicular model of electron-beam-inducedpair excitation. This model takes account of thickness dependence and istherefore considerably more realistic than the constant generation rate assumedwe in a previous paper. The surface recombination velocity (SRVo) n the uppersurface can be varied independently of that on the lower surface. An exactanalytical expression for the Green function (GF) has been found. Funher, generalexpressions for the minoriiy carrier concentration profile (MCCPa), nd hence forthe cathodoluminescence intensity (cu) are constructed merely by convolving theGF with the pair-generation function which is allowed to assume arbitrary form.Here a 'correlation function' form of the pair excitation density is considered whichnon-trivially makes the entire problem be of completely analytical formulation. Theinfluence of various physical parameters, especially the SRV, the diffusion length(oL), and the incident vonage on the MCCP and cu, are discussed in more detailtheoretically and numerically. Explicit analytical forms of the GF, MCCP, and cuare given for various surface-recombination conditions as well as expressionsfor junction current (JC) in the charge-collecting modes. An example is givenof a model prediction in agreement with experimental results which cannot beobtained by previously existing models. It is found that the present formalism canalso be used to tackle the problems of dislocation-or defect-imaging contrastand resolution in thin film materials within some approximation scheme andthat many past models can be reproduced from the present model as specialcases. It is anticipated that the generality of the model which we propose willbe of considerable interest in seeking an understanding of experimental resuns.Quantitative calculations reveal many interesting and even unusual featurescontained in the new model

By a thorough analysis of the contents and scope of the publiclogistics information, a role-based multilevel solution of information sharing isproposed. And by use of metadata theory, the unified description andclassification of the information are done with an aim to achieve heterogeneousdata sharing and exchanging. Based on this, a service-oriented-architecture(SOA)-based system framework is put forward in order to integrate and reuseexisting systems, data and service resources. By introducing web service andbusiness process execution language (BPEL), etc. into the solution, servicesreuse and businesses automatisation are achieved. In this way, the degree ofinformatisation of supply chains management can be deepened, the interactionsbetween governmental departments and enterprises can be enhanced and theprocess of customs e-governing can be accelerated. Finally, an application ofthe solution to a logistics customs clearance information sharing platform isalso given to show its applicability.

In e-commerce protocols, malicious participantsmisbehave on their benefits. There is some work in analysisthe application-protocols but little similar work about thefoundation-protocols. To fill the gap we use semi-regularentities to denote the entities different from penetrators thatparticipate in the protocol on behalf of themselves such ascustomers in e-commerce. A method in strand space model isalso presented. After descriptions of hash and Diffie-Hellmanexchange, semi-regular strand and semi-regular node areadded into the model, finally is an attack on the Internet KeyExchange (IKE) protocol as a case.