能量平衡是作物冠层水热传输的基础，气象因子（如空气温度、湿度、风速和土壤温度）是影响作物活动的外界条件，而叶温反映作物的整体健康状况。对冠层状况的理解和模拟有利于了解小气候特征并加强农田管理。采用SHAW （the Simultaneous Heat andW ater） 模型模拟：冠层表面能量平衡，表面辐射温度，冠层中叶温、气象要素和土壤温度廓线，模型的输入数据来源于华北平原禹城综合试验站。模型很好的模拟了表面能量平衡、冠层表面辐射温度、土壤温度、冠层2/3高度以下叶温和2/3高度以上气象要素。模型模拟净辐射（Rn）的效率达到0.97，潜热（LE）和感热通量（Hs）的模拟效率分别为0.81和0.78，模拟的表面辐射温度与实测值吻合较好，其模拟效率为0.91，冠层2/3高度以下的叶温模拟效率为0.76～0.86，但该高度以上的模拟结果不理想。除了2cm深度外，各层土壤温度模拟较好。

Currently available models of photosynthate partitioning in crops are poorly developed compared to carbon and water balance models. This paper presents a dynamic photosynthate partitioning model (PPModel) that simulates the partitioning of crop biomass to leaf, stem and root through the interaction between carbon gain (assimilation less respiration) and transpiration, in relation to environmental factors. The central concept is the theory of plant functional equilibrium, in which transpirational loss and water uptake are balanced, within acceptable limits, by a dynamic partitioning of assimilates between shoot and root growth. The model was shown to perform effectively against experimental data for growth and partitioning of biomass in winter wheat (collected over a 2-year period), when environmental factors varied daily and water supply was controlled over a wide range.

Stratospheric ozone depletion has caused an increase in the amount of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation reaching the earth's surface. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that the effect of UV-B enhancements on plants includes reduction in grain yield, alteration in species competition, susceptibility to disease and changes in plant structure and pigmentation. Many experiments examining UV-B radiation effects on plants have been conducted in growth chambers or greenhouses. It has been questioned whether the effect of UV-B radiation on plants can be extrapolated to field responses from indoor studies because of the unnaturally high ratios of UV-Bultraviolet-A radiation (320-400nm) and UV-Bphotosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in many indoor studies. Field studies on UV-B radiation effect on plants have been recommended to use the UV and PAR irradiance provided by natural light. This study reports the growth and yield responses of a maize crop exposed to enhanced UV-B radiation and the UV-B effects on maize seed qualities under field conditions. Enhanced UV-B radiation caused a significant reduction in the dry matter accumulation and the maize yield in turn was affected. With increased UV-B radiation the flavonoid accumulation in maize leaves increased and the contents of chlorophyll a, b and (a+b) of maize leaves were reduced. The levels of protein, sugar and starch of maize seed decreased with enhanced UV-B radiation, whereas the level of lysine increased with enhanced UV-B radiation.

This paper describes the development ofChina's power industry, present situation, environmental influences and potential benefits of regional power grid interconnections in China. Power plants in China are mainly thermal, burning fossil fuels especially coal which emit a great deal ofpollutants and greenhouse gases such as SO2, NOx and CO2. China leads all other countries in emissions of SO2, CO2, and the power industry is the largest contributor to these emissions. There are a number ofenvironmental benefits through regional power grid interconnection. That is, the construction ofsmall electricity generation capacity would be avoided; natural resources would be used to generate electricity on a regional scale; and generating sources can be separated from centers ofelectricity use, which will decrease emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases and help to reduce human exposure to elevated air pollutant concentrations. Therefore, gradually enlarged power grids, and power grid interconnection, should be part of the general pattern ofpower system development in China.

通过统计分析，选取影响银川地区高血压病发病率的主要气象因素，将其作为输入变量经多层前馈型神经网络的BP（Back Propagation）算法进行学习训练，建立了疾病发病率的人工神经网络（ANN，Artifical Neural Net）预报模型。结果表明：该方法计算简便、误差较小，为疾病发病率预报提供了一种新的预报方法。